Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Transition Temperature versus Formula Mass of Selected High-TC Oxide Superconductors: A Step Closure to Room Temperature Superconductivity","authors":"Mahendra Prasad,&nbsp;A. M. Parmeswaran,&nbsp;Kaman Singh","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00889-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00889-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The transition temperature T_c of the superconductor signals the onset of superconductivity. We were curious to see the variation of T_c with the formula mass (F_M) of well-studied high-T_c oxide superconductors to observe whether there exists any correlation between T_c and F_M of these oxide superconductors. Interestingly, it is observed that the ratios of T_c /F_m of 8 different high-T_c superconductors which exhibit transition temperature ≥ 90 K, converge to show a ratio of 0.136 with a 14% deviation. Other superconductors and bismuth-based which have T_c less than 90 K differ significantly. Extrapolating the transition temperature to 25 °C, a formula mass F_M of high-T_c oxide superconductor turns to be 2239 with only 14% deviation in different materials which have T_c ≥ 90 K. This means if oxide superconductors of formula mass 2239 are synthesized, then that materials could exhibit room-temperature superconductivity. The experimental work on YBCO superconductors is underway and results will be communicated essentially an extension of the present work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"387 - 390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Countability in the Context of Multiset Topological Spaces","authors":"Satabdi Ray,&nbsp;Baby Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00893-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00893-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The main aim of this treatise is to establish the conception of sequence of multiset and countability on multiset topological spaces. Unlike any topological space, there are two subspaces in this context which are also countable M-topological space. Also, we obtained the relationship of the variants of countable M-topological spaces in the light of sequences in this environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"457 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Machining Profile Accuracy in the Modified Electrochemical Machining Process","authors":"Gurwinder Singh,&nbsp;Rupinder Singh,&nbsp;P. S. Rao","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00890-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00890-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous studies have been published on conventional electrochemical machining with different tools and workpiece materials, machining parameters, and machining profile accuracy. Also, some studies have been reported on modified electrochemical machining to address the tool replica issues in conventional electrochemical machining with a novel 3D-printed thermoplastic-based inter-electrode slit between the tool and the W/P. But hitherto, little has been reported on the aspect ratio, and machining profile accuracy (overcut) in modified electrochemical machining. This study outlines the machining profile accuracy of modified electrochemical machining with the use of a novel square profile/cross-section inter-electrode slit along with feed rate, slit thickness, tool, workpiece material, and voltage based on Taguchi L₁₈ orthogonal array. The machining profile accuracy of the cavity was ascertained in the form of the cavity dimensions along the <i>X</i> and <i>Y</i> axis, machined area, machining depth (<i>Z</i>), diagonal length (<i>DL</i>) of profile section, aspect ratio (<i>DL/Z</i>), and overcut. The study suggests that as per the multi-factor optimization approach for machining profile accuracy, the optimized settings of modified electrochemical machining are electrolyte concentration 100 g/l, voltage 21 V, workpiece/tool as Cu, feed rate 108 µm/min, inter-electrode slit thickness 4.5 mm with composite desirability 0.944. Further, at optimized settings of the modified electrochemical machining process in the present case study, porosity 23.95%, <i>DL</i> 10.955 mm, cavity length along the <i>X</i>-axis 4.817 mm, <i>Y</i>-axis 3.613 mm, and <i>Z-</i>axis 1.179 mm, aspect ratio of 9.29 and over cut 18.59 mm² was achieved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"423 - 436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulators for Fog Computing and Information Processing","authors":"Prince Gupta,&nbsp;Rajeev Sharma,&nbsp;Sachi Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00891-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00891-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concept of fog computing refers to a paradigm of distributed computing that extends cloud computing to the most remote parts of the network. Simulators are useful for analyzing resource management techniques including load balancing, fault tolerance, and energy efficiency in fog computing settings. This could result in the creation of more effective resource management algorithms. Fog simulators offer a realistic environment for testing fog computing applications and systems, incorporating authentic network conditions, device capabilities, and application requirements. This aids in recognizing and resolving such problems before implementing fog computing systems in practical situations. Fog computing links the breach between the cloud and other networking edges, qualifying the decentralized operation of computing equipment. Traditional cloud computing has several problems, including latency, size, space, and network failure. Fog computing can quickly and easily fix these issues. Moreover, it creates a complicated set of issues for both the scientific community and business. Both have several unresolved issues to deal with, including standardizing architecture and dealing with issues like resource management, service management, quality of service (QoS), participation, and communication. The objective of the article is to present a study on simulators for fog computing and cloud information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"437 - 447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Fourier Approximation of Periodic Functions and Their Conjugates Belonging to the Weighted Lipschitz Class","authors":"Sachin Devaiya,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00888-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00888-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Taking into consideration that the superposition of two summability methods is superior to the individual one, in this paper we present the calculations of the degree of approximation of functions and their conjugates belonging to the weighted Lipschitz class by a trigonometric polynomial generated by the application of product means <span>(mathcal {C}^{1}.mathcal {T})</span> on their trigonometric Fourier series and conjugate series, respectively. Here we also reduce some conditions imposed on the increasing function <span>(Psi (t))</span>. Further, with the help of an example, we demonstrate the application of the results in the circumstances when the Fourier series of the function has the Gibbs phenomenon. We also provide a few corollaries that follow directly from our results. \u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"449 - 455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Metal Nanoparticles: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"B. Dinesh,&nbsp;Jagadeesha Poyya,&nbsp;Farhan Zameer,&nbsp;Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda,&nbsp;Chandrashekhar G. Joshi,&nbsp;Anjanapura V. Raghu","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00882-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00882-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanotechnology research has advanced in the past two decades because of its tunable physicochemical properties. Among the wide range of metal-based nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained intense research prominence because of their peerless features such as excellent electrical conductivity, catalysis, and a broad range of promising bioactivities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In attaining the colloidal stability of silver nanoparticles, capping plays an important role. These capping compounds are believed to provide dual functionality in the synthesis process, acting both as structure-directing and stabilizing agents. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a biocompatible, <i>p</i>H-stable, inert, non-toxic, temperature-resistant, and biodegradable polymer. In the present study, PVP capped silver nanoparticles are synthesized using glucose as a reducing agent, and studied the influence of PVP concentration on silver nanoparticles. Three different ratios of silver nitrate and PVP (1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2) are taken for silver nanoparticle synthesis. Further, silver nanoparticles obtained are subjected to a series of examinations, including UV Spectrophotometry, SEM, X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, and FTIR. The PVP capped silver nanoparticles are spherical, non-aggregated, polydisperse, and had a unimodal distribution, with diameters ranging from 40 to 100 nm. PVP capped silver nanoparticles are then subjected to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity investigation by spectrometry and agar well diffusion method respectively. The DPPH and the ABTS study revealed the radical scavenging activity of AgNPs. However, the PVP-capped silver nanoparticles did not show any antibacterial activity. This study showed the possibility of the application of PVP-capped AgNPs in the treatment of free radical-related diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"359 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Application of Heterogeneous Zinc Catalysts for Decarboxylative Coupling","authors":"Jagdish Chandra Jat,&nbsp;Preeti Mehta","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00886-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00886-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The coupling of aldehyde, amine, and alkyne (known as A³-coupling) is a versatile strategy for the synthesis of propargylamines which are important precursors for the biologically active molecules. Recently, phenylglyoxylic acid as a surrogate of aldehyde has gained importance in the above reaction via decarboxylative coupling. Transition metal catalysts of Cu and Au have been reported for this reaction. However, metal waste and their disposal is the major challenge faced by chemical industries. In this work, we have explored chitosan-supported zinc catalysts for the decarboxylative coupling of phenylglyoxylic acid with amine and alkyne. We found that this reaction gives the best yield under solvent-less condition. For comparison purpose, the catalytic activity of synthesized catalysts in various molecular solvents has also been explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 4","pages":"369 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141869221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bicomplex Caputo Derivative: A Comparative Study with Bicomplex Riemann–Liouville Operators and Applications","authors":"Mahesh Puri Goswami,&nbsp;Raj Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00885-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00885-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this article is to define the Caputo derivative of bicomplex order for the functions of a bicomplex variable, which we refer to as the Bicomplex Caputo Derivative (BCD) throughout the paper. We achieve BCD via the development of the Caputo derivative of bicomplex order for the bicomplex-valued functions of real variable and discuss some of its significant properties. We also compare BCD with the bicomplex Riemann–Liouville derivative and integral. We demonstrate the advantages of the properties of BCD by finding the derivatives of some elementary bicomplex functions. The useful applications of BCD are found in constructing bicomplex fractional Maxwell’s equations in the vacuum and source-free domains. The solutions of bicomplex fractional Maxwell’s equations are obtained by considering a bicomplex vector field, and it is proved that in this way the number of equations is reduced by half.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 3","pages":"345 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40010-024-00885-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectedness and Compactness via Subspace Mixed M-Topologies","authors":"Md Mirazul Hoque,&nbsp;Baby Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Binod Chandra Tripathy","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00884-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00884-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present article, we present how M-connectedness differs from similar concepts in general topology, and the notion of closed subspace mixed M-topology in mixed M-topological space by extending the concept of closed subspace M-topology. We also define the notions of M-connectedness and M-compactness on mixed M-topological spaces. We investigate different properties of M-connectedness and M-compactness via two subspace mixed M-topologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 3","pages":"335 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40010-024-00884-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Effective Estimation Strategy for Population Mean over Successive Sampling of h Occasion","authors":"A. K. Sharma,&nbsp;Mohd Irfan,&nbsp;A. K. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s40010-024-00887-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40010-024-00887-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-occasion sampling might only provide a snapshot of the phenomenon under investigation. Extending to h occasions allows researchers to capture long-term trends, patterns, and changes that may emerge over time. In h-occasion successive sampling, the effective estimation of population mean is an important factor for agriculture, socioeconomic, pandemics surveys when reliable estimates are required at the h-th occasion (recent-occasion). A difference-type model of an estimator is suggested for the estimation which is escorted with the information on two auxiliary variables. The optimal estimator is the combination of the matched and unmatched sample units in the h-occasion successive sampling. Empirical studies with the competent natural mean estimator and difference type estimator based on bias and mean square errors have been demonstrated in the estimator's efficiency context. A data analysis has been conducted for the applicability to the suggested model. The approach of this work provides valuable insights into long-term trends, developmental trajectories, causal relationships, and the dynamic nature of the real-world problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":744,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences","volume":"94 3","pages":"279 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}