Open health data最新文献

Prevalence of diaper need and diaper dermatitis and associated risk factors among children aged 1–24 months in a referral hospital in Ghana: A cross-sectional study 加纳一家转诊医院1-24月龄儿童尿布需求和尿布皮炎患病率及相关危险因素:一项横断面研究

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2022-0033

Abdul-Wahab Inusah, Gbeti Collins, Peter Gyamfi Kwarteng, P. Dzomeku, M. Asumah, S. Ziblim

{"title":"Prevalence of diaper need and diaper dermatitis and associated risk factors among children aged 1–24 months in a referral hospital in Ghana: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Abdul-Wahab Inusah, Gbeti Collins, Peter Gyamfi Kwarteng, P. Dzomeku, M. Asumah, S. Ziblim","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2022-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2022-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This research aimed to determine the prevalence of diaper need and diaper dermatitis (DD) and associated risk factors in children aged 1–24 months. Methods Data were collected through face-to-face exit interviews with 456 mothers at a Child Welfare Clinic. A chi-square, correlation, and multivariate logistic regression analyses at a significance level of p < 0.05 were conducted. Results The prevalence of diaper need was found to be 53.5%, with lower odds observed in households with monthly incomes greater than $167 and in children on breastmilk only. Diaper need was higher in parents with no formal education and use of disposable diapers. The prevalence of DD was 27.4%, with lower odds observed in households with monthly incomes greater than $167 and in children less than 6 months old and on breastmilk only. There was a moderately positive correlation between diaper need and DD. Conclusion The researchers recommend affordable alternative diapering methods and educating parents on the importance of frequent diaper changes to improve the prevalence of diaper need and DD. Overall, this study highlights the significant prevalence of diaper need and DD among children and identifies the important associated risk factors.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77356550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social factors related to depression during COVID-19 COVID-19期间与抑郁相关的社会因素

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2022-0030

Katherine Aumer, Michael A. Erickson, Eli Tsukayama

{"title":"Social factors related to depression during COVID-19","authors":"Katherine Aumer, Michael A. Erickson, Eli Tsukayama","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Depression can impact both the administration and efficacy of vaccines. Identifying social factors that contribute to depression, especially during a pandemic, is important for both current and future public health issues. Publicly available data can help identify key social factors contributing to depression. Method For each US state, information regarding their change in depression as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire 2, predominant political affiliation, coronavirus disease 19 cases/100k, and lockdown severity were gathered. Structural equation modeling using latent change scores was conducted to assess the longitudinal relationships among depression, cases/100k, and state social restrictions. Results Higher initial levels of lockdown severity and depression predicted rank-order decreases in themselves over time. Correlations among the latent change variables reveal that changes in lockdown severity are negatively related to changes in cases/100k and changes in lockdown severity are positively related to changes in depression after controlling for the other variables. Conclusion Significant rank-order decreases in depression from T1 to T2 in blue states (who tend to vote for Democrats) vs red states (who tend to vote for Republicans) suggest that decreases in depression may be impacted by the population density and/or political views of that state. Rank-order increases in lockdown measures were negatively associated with rank-order increases in COVID-19 infections, demonstrating strong evidence that lockdown measures do help decrease the spread of COVID-19. Political affiliation and/or population density should be measured and assessed to help facilitate future public health efforts.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90857441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allelic variants of CYP2B6 gene expression and its implication on the pathogenesis of malaria among a cohort of outpatients in North-Central Nigeria 尼日利亚中北部门诊患者中CYP2B6基因表达的等位变异及其与疟疾发病机制的关系

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2023-0004

Olalere Shittu, Mobolanle Oladipo Oniya, Titus Adeniyi Olusi

{"title":"Allelic variants of CYP2B6 gene expression and its implication on the pathogenesis of malaria among a cohort of outpatients in North-Central Nigeria","authors":"Olalere Shittu, Mobolanle Oladipo Oniya, Titus Adeniyi Olusi","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Human cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) is fortified with the biotransformation of the antimalarial, artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). Owing to emerging reports of Plasmodium species resistance to ACT in other climes, CYP2B6*6 genotype significantly alters ACT metabolism. In North-Central Nigeria, the distribution of the CYP2B6*6 variant is poorly documented. This study investigated the distribution of CYP2B6 c.516G>T variants and its relationship with certain malaria pathogenesis among a cohort of clinical-malaria outpatients in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods A total of 50 symptomatic P. falciparum malaria-positive samples were genotyped for CYP2B6 c.516G>T using restriction fragment length polymorphism and a specific haplotype population was established. The allele frequencies and genotype distributions were analyzed. Haplotypes were clustered using Ward’s method. Correlations determined include defective CYP2B6 versus parasitemia densities and thrombocytopenia, respectively. Results Forty-five samples show genotypic ratios and nine CYP2B6 genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. The following haplotypes (64C>T = *1/*2, 785A>G = *1/*4, and 1459C>T = *1/*5) occurred and *2, *3, and *18 alleles harbor 64C>T, 777C>A, −82T>C, and 499C>G. The codon 64CT, 516GT, and 785AG; −82TC and 777CA; and 499CG, 516GT, and 785AG were identified as *2/*6 heterozygotes. Samples with 516GT and 785GG genotypes occurred with *4/*6 heterozygotes. Mutant trait alleles recorded high parasitemia 72 h post-ACT regimen. Only individuals with CYP2B6*6 alleles had severe malaria and thrombocytopenia. Conclusion This report contributes to the growing knowledge of CYP2B6*6 genotype frequency and its relationship with malaria pathogenesis among a Nigerian population.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135494604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of medically supervised fasting on the vitamin D, glycemic control, quality of life and need for medication among type 2 diabetes mellitus: Protocol for a randomized control trial (FAVIT Trial) 医学监督下禁食对2型糖尿病患者维生素D、血糖控制、生活质量和药物需求的影响:随机对照试验方案(FAVIT试验)

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2023-0010

Pradeep M. K. Nair, Karishma Silwal, Prakash Babu Kodali, Hemanshu Sharma, Gulab Rai Tewani

{"title":"Impact of medically supervised fasting on the vitamin D, glycemic control, quality of life and need for medication among type 2 diabetes mellitus: Protocol for a randomized control trial (FAVIT Trial)","authors":"Pradeep M. K. Nair, Karishma Silwal, Prakash Babu Kodali, Hemanshu Sharma, Gulab Rai Tewani","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of prolonged medically supervised fasting (PMSF) for 6 months on vitamin D levels and diabetes-related clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods This is an open-label, parallel arm, randomized control trial; 170 T2DM patients from a complementary medicine setting, aged between 20 and 70 years, with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels >6% and <12%, treated with lifestyle advice and/or oral hypoglycemic drugs, will be randomized to receive PMSF or a diabetic diet (DD), along with their usual care. The patients will be initially trained in PMSF and DD for a duration of 10 days in the study setting, followed by 5 months of practice at their respective residences. The PMSF will fast for five days a month for three consecutive months after the initial exposure, whereas the DD group will follow the same diet for 6 months. Other than fasting days, the PMSF group will follow the same DD as the control group. The primary outcome is an improvement in vitamin D levels, and the secondary outcomes include serum calcium, insulin levels, insulin resistance, blood cell counts, anthropometrics, quality of life, medication score, compliance rate, and disease perception. Discussion In this study, we hypothesize that PMSF would gradually increase vitamin D levels, which would increase calcium levels, which would promote insulin secretion and upregulate its function. This may help reduce the need for diabetic medication and result in diabetic remission.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A gravity model approach to understand the spread of pandemics: Evidence from the COVID-19 outbreak 理解大流行传播的重力模型方法:来自COVID-19爆发的证据

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2022-0032

Albert Opoku Frimpong, Kwadwo Arhin, M. Boachie, Kwame Acheampong

引用次数: 0

Recomposition of work and attitudes of family assistants within Covid-19 in Poland: A pilot study 波兰Covid-19期间家庭助理工作和态度的重组:一项试点研究

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2022-0034

Monika Anna Budnik

引用次数: 0

Ventilator-associated pneumonia: Epidemiological changes or disregarded bundles? 呼吸机相关性肺炎:流行病学变化还是被忽视的肺炎群?

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2023-0009

Regina Frontera, Mirko Barone

引用次数: 0

Tranexamic acid and pre-hospital trauma setting: Is everything clear by now? 氨甲环酸和院前创伤设置:现在一切都清楚了吗?

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2023-0005

Regina Frontera, Mirko Barone

引用次数: 0

World Heart Day: Clinical case to raise awareness on cardiovascular disease in women 世界心脏日:临床案例以提高对妇女心血管疾病的认识

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2022-0031

M. C. Sun

引用次数: 0

Raising security of first responders with C-ITS? 用C-ITS提高急救人员的安全性?

Open health data Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/ohe-2023-0003

Walter Seböck, Bettina Biron, Bettina Pospisil

{"title":"Raising security of first responders with C-ITS?","authors":"Walter Seböck, Bettina Biron, Bettina Pospisil","doi":"10.1515/ohe-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ohe-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article recommends social science research-based recommendations for improving first responder safety and occupational health by assessing cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS) for use by emergency services and law enforcement. This involves vehicles using digital technologies to inform each other or via objects such as roadworks signs about traffic situations and dangerous circumstances. The application of information and communication technologies to the road transport sector and its interfaces with other modes of transport shall make a significant contribution to improving environmental performance, efficiency, including energy efficiency, safety, and security of road transport. This article investigates which social science aspects must be considered when implementing C-ITS, so that emergency vehicles such as ambulances can be given automated priority. Since emergency vehicles can communicate with traffic signal systems or other vehicles, safety requirements play a particularly important role. This leads to the question of which challenges subjective safety and technology perceptions regarding first responders are essential for the introduction of C-ITS for first responder organizations and which factors can lead to rejection.","PeriodicalId":74349,"journal":{"name":"Open health data","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85639076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0