OBM geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Happy and Satisfied in Very Late Life? Findings from the Health and Retirement Study","authors":"Rotem Arieli, P. Martin, Yeon ji Ryou, Gina Lee","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204211","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of positive subjective well-being among centenarians and near-centenarians in the Health and Retirement Study. Participants who eventually survived to age 98 or older (N = 516) were included. Study variables included demographic characteristics, health and activities of daily living (ADL) functioning, cognitive functioning, and positive well-being. Additionally, a smaller subsample (n = 192) of participants with supplemental leave-behind questionnaire (LBQ) data, some of whom (n = 30) were assessed across three comparative time points, were included to examine psychological well-being variables over time. In the full sample, approximately 86% and 81% of participants over or near the age of 100 reported enjoying their lives and being happy, respectively. Also in the full sample, better self-rated health (SRH) was associated with greater happiness/enjoyment. Results with the LBQ subsample (n = 192) identified that a) greater life satisfaction related to better SRH, b) better cognitive functioning related to greater optimism and purpose in life, and c) more educated and non-White participants tended to have greater purpose in life. Finally, for the longitudinal subsample, life satisfaction increased significantly while purpose in life decreased significantly as participants neared age 100. Implications for this study include a greater focus on developing interventions geared toward improving psychological well-being; specifically, increasing purpose in life and optimism, as well as focusing on improving happiness and life enjoyment.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46715344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Spousal Relationships Post-Stroke and the Association Between Relationship Congruence and Dysphagia-Related Caregiver Burden","authors":"S. Shune, Ashwini M. Namasivayam-MacDonald, Angela Horyacheva","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204210","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke survivors often receive spousal support for post-stroke impairments. The quality of spousal caregiving and couples’ wellbeing can suffer from post-stroke relationship changes and caregiver burden. Because swallowing impairment (dysphagia) is common post-stroke and spouses providing dysphagia care may experience burden, it is also important to explore whether relationship changes post-stroke are associated with dysphagia outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe stroke survivor-spouse relationships post-stroke and explore whether relationship congruence is associated with dysphagia-related caregiver burden or swallowing-related quality of life (SWAL-QoL). Twenty-nine survivor-spouse couples completed a relationship questionnaire with 13 Likert scale questions (15 for spouses), analyzed for frequency of agreement and disagreement, and 2 open-ended questions regarding relationship strengths and possible improvements, analyzed thematically. Correlations were analyzed between relationship congruence (the absolute magnitude of difference between total scores of corresponding couples) and dysphagia-related caregiver burden score and SWAL-QoL using Spearman’s correlations. The majority (≥70%) of survivors and spouses responded positively to questions regarding closeness, care/affection, and communication in their relationship. Similarly, affection (41% survivors, 31% spouses) and communication (14% survivors, 17% spouses) were the first and second most described relationship strengths; spouses also identified honesty as the third most common strength (14%). Many participants were unsure of how the relationship could be improved (34% survivors, 31% spouses). Relationship congruence was not significantly correlated with dysphagia-related caregiver burden (rs = -0.273, p = 0.076) or SWAL-QoL (rs = -0.133, p = 0.246). Future research should assess how dysphagia affects relationships. This could provide further nuance regarding the association between spousal relationships and dysphagia outcomes and potentially inform future interventions.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48389153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploratory Study of How Mobile Devices are Used by Older Adults","authors":"S. Reid, Tianqi Xiao, B. Abdulrazak","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204209","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increase in use and interest in mobile devices by older adults, to date, there is still limited research carried out to better understand older adults’ usage and needs as they relate to such devices. As such, this research examined the use of two types of mobile devices, smartphones, and tablets, by older adults (i.e., age 65+), as well as the use of a new interface, developed for research purposes, called “PhonAge”. This study was exploratory, and utilizes frequency data and tables, in order to get a sense of older adults’ usage patterns with this interface. Specifically, this research focused on older adults’ use of the different features and functions of both the PhonAge interface as well as older adults’ usage of the smartphones and tablets themselves.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49464975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives to Modify and Counter Aging in the Frame of Subtelomere–Telomere Theory of Aging","authors":"G. Libertini","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204208","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation of aging as an adaptive and programmed phenomenon implies the existence of specific genetically determined and regulated aging-causing mechanisms. This interpretation is in contrast to the explanation of aging as the gradual accumulation of the effects of harmful factors that are only partially countered by natural selection. The subtelomere–telomere theory of aging offers what is required by the interpretation of aging as a programmed phenomenon. The experimentally documented mechanisms that are part of the subtelomere–telomere theory are the repression of subtelomeric sequences (TERRA sequences) consequent to the sliding of a telomeric hood over subtelomere in proportion to telomere shortening, epigenetic modifications caused by the repression of the subtelomeric sequences, cell senescence and gradual cell senescence (which are not synonyms, as discussed in the text), progressive decline of stem cells, and effects of these phenomena over the whole organism. Evidence against the interpretation of cell senescence and telomerase restrictions as defense mechanisms against cancer is reported. Consequently, the fears that telomerase activation or senescent cell elimination are potentially oncogenic factors should be eliminated as preconceived ideas or limited on the basis of any available evidence. In the context of the mechanisms described under the subtelomere–telomere theory, three types of strategies that could be used to modify and counter the mechanisms of aging can be deduced, namely telomerase activation, senescent cell elimination, and restoration of stem cell numbers to that existing in young individuals. The limits and the potential effectiveness of these methods, already the subject of active research, are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48018987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interview with Dr. David G. Smithard","authors":"Obm Geriatrics Editorial Office","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207","url":null,"abstract":"Open Access<em>OBM Geriatrics</em>Interview<strong>An Interview with Dr. David G. Smithard</strong><em>OBM Geriatrics</em> Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: <a href=\"mailto:geriatrics@lidsen.com\">geriatrics@lidsen.com</a><em>OBM Geriatrics</em> 2022, volume 6, issue 4 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204207<strong>Received:</strong> October 09, 2022<strong>Accepted:</strong> October 09, 2022<strong>Published:</strong> October 09, 2022","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myokine Response to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults and the Similarities and Differences to Younger Adults: A Brief Narrative Review","authors":"S. Cornish, Dean M. Cordingley","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204206","url":null,"abstract":"Myokines are cytokines secreted from muscle during contraction and are implicated in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine regulation of biological systems. It is postulated that myokines contribute to skeletal muscle adaptations in response to resistance exercise. Exercise, including resistance exercise, is an important factor in the management of maintaining skeletal muscle strength, mass, and function with aging. Sarcopenia is exacerbated with increased age and therefore, it is important to understand the potential underlying mechanisms whereby exercise may be beneficial in reducing the consequences of sarcopenia for older adults. Myokine secretion is one mechanism which is postulated to account for the benefits of exercise in aging muscle. The response of myokines to aerobic exercise in older adults have previously been reviewed; however, there is limited research focused on the response of myokines to resistance exercise. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to discuss the response of various myokines to an acute bout of resistance exercise and/or chronic resistance exercise training in older adults, compare the response between younger and older adults, and briefly outline the influence myokines may have on skeletal muscle adaptations.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68396060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of an Operational Dashboard to Document Implementation of 4M’s into Primary Care in a Geriatric Patient-Centered Medical Home","authors":"James Powers, A. McCoy, Shana Rhodes","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203205","url":null,"abstract":"Many health systems have joined the Age-Friendly Health Systems movement to provide every older adult safe, high-quality care aligned with what matters most. Becoming an Age-Friendly Health System means that hospitals and health care systems reliably use a set of evidence-based practices known as the “4M’s” – What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility – to provide care for older, disabled and medically complex patients across all care settings. Implementing the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s (IHI) 4M’s Age-Friendly principles into primary care is challenging because there is no best practice to identify documentation of delivery. Leveraging the electronic health record (EHR) may automate this process. Age-Friendly principles for primary care were discussed at IHI peer coaching webinars, and PDSA cycles employed among clinic staff to define each of the 4M’s for the Vanderbilt Geriatric Practice: 1) Mentation – Mini-COG and PHQ2 extracted from nursing intake, 2) Medication – extracted from medication review, provider reconciliation, 3) Mobility – extracted from activities of daily living (ADL) mobility questions in nursing intake, and 4) What Matters Most – identifying patient portal messages. A dashboard within our EPIC electronic health record (EHR) was built based on these identified fields, allowing clinician drill-down to display more detail as needed. An operational dashboard for an EHR has potential to help inform clinician delivery of 4M’s care in the primary care setting.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44067585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Progressive Gait Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"K. Bader, J. Lah, A. Levey, Greg J. Esper, W. Wharton, Joe R. Nocera","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203203","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) have increased gait disturbances throughout disease progression. However, an understanding of gait impairment and progression in early versus late AD is lacking. Further, the longitudinal progression of gait impairment in AD as well as in those with MCI that transition to AD is lacking. Understanding gait pathology and progression of gait impairment is critical for implementation of strategies that could limit the high prevalence of gait related falls, mobility disability and decreased overall function. Further, better understanding of the gait impairment progression may provide insight into disease processes. As such, this retrospective study aimed to evaluate, via cross sectional and longitudinal analyses, the relationship between MCI and AD diagnosis and gait parameters. Cross-sectional findings demonstrate significantly slower gait velocity and decreased step length as well as increased double limb support time and step length variability of both early and late AD when compared to MCI. For the longitudinal data the average time between gait assessment visits was 561 ± 267 days. The results demonstrate increasing gait impairment from intial gait assesement (visit 1) to a follow up gait assessment (visit 2) in both the early AD and late AD groups as well as significant decline in the gait profile from visit 1 to visit 2 in those with MCI that transitioned to having AD. These findings are important as they indicate an increasingly pathological gait profile among these populations suggesting need for early intervention.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42892919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Disorders in Older People with Special Focus on Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"R. Beran","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203204","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines sleep disorders in older people, focusing on Parkinson’s disease (PD). It defines PD and explores those conditions associated with sleep disorders and their relationship to PD. It identifies specific conditions which cause sleep disoders in patients with PD, namely: REM sleep behaviour disorder (RDB) which may be a precursor to PD; obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) which is very prevalent amongst people with PD; depression and mood disorders which both increase with age and are more common in people with PD; nocturia which increases with age and has a negative impact on those with PD; restless leg syndrome (RLS) which some argue is an accompaniment but others argue against this, due to the relationship to iron metabolism, although both respond to dopamine medications; and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) which completes the picture. The paper offers suggestions to the approach to these conditions and offers suggestions for therapeutic intervention.","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44659751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interview with Dr. Koh Iwasaki","authors":"","doi":"10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2203201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74332,"journal":{"name":"OBM geriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44026030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}