Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics最新文献

{"title":"Binding Effect of Copper on Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Mg/Ti/Cu Composites","authors":"Naveen Kumar,&nbsp;Ajaya Bharti,&nbsp;Yogesh Chandra","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00420-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00420-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metallic reinforcing titanium is added to the magnesium matrix to improve the mechanical properties without losing ductility. Titanium has negligible solid solubility in magnesium below 500°C therefore it does not form a tertiary hard phase with Mg. Therefore, when titanium is added to magnesium, both strength and ductility are improved. However, due to the low solid solubility of Ti in Mg, the bonding between matrix and reinforcement is poor. Therefore, a small amount of metallic reinforcement Cu is added to fabricate Mg/Ti/Cu hybrid composites by powder metallurgy technique to enhance the bonding between Mg and Ti. Cu is selected as a binding agent because it has significant solid solubility with Ti and Mg. In the present work, the effect of Cu on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of Mg/Ti/Cu composites has been investigated. The addition of Cu was found to decrease the strength, hardness, and wear rate. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity increased. The strength, wear resistance and thermal stability of the prepared Mg- based hybrid composites are sufficient enough to replace some components of cast iron and aluminum in automotive special seat frames, door panels, brake disks of light-duty vehicles, etc. Thus, the prepared material is recommended for use in automotive and other industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 9-10","pages":"597 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear-Resistant Coatings Produced from TiN–TiB2 and TiN–Si3N4 Composites by Electrospark Deposition and Laser Processing","authors":"R. V. Lytvyn,&nbsp;K. E. Grinkevich,&nbsp;O. M. Myslyvchenko,&nbsp;I. V. Trachenko,&nbsp;O. M. Bloschanevych,&nbsp;S. E. Ivanchenko,&nbsp;O. V. Derev’yanko,&nbsp;A. I. Stegniy,&nbsp;V. D. Belik,&nbsp;O. B. Zgalat-Lozynskyy","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00421-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00421-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The TiN–20% TiB₂ and TiN–20% Si₃N₄ nanocomposites sintered in a microwave field with a frequency of 2.45 GHz were applied to a steel substrate by electrospark deposition in the temperature range 1400–1500°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. In deposition modes with an energy of isolated pulses ranging from 0.2 to 0.75 J, changed surface layers consisting of a coating 50–90 μm thick and a heat-affected zone of increased hardness 40–60 μm thick on the substrate were produced. A part of the samples was subjected to additional surface laser processing to increase the density and homogeneity of the deposited layers. Substantial influence of electrospark mass transfer on the phase composition of the transferred material was established. According to XRD data, the TiN–TiB₂ composite, with all its components being present in the coating, was more stable. In the case of the TiN–Si₃N₄ composite, silicon nitride completely dissociated to form Ti₅Si₃ and Ti₂N compounds. For both compositions, iron, penetrating into the coating from the substrate, was found in the deposited layer. The TiN–TiB₂ and TiN–Si₃N₄ coatings had a hardness of 14–15 GPa and 11–12 GPa, respectively. Comparative tribotechnical tests of the coatings with a spherical VK6 hardmetal counterface in quasistatic and dynamic modes revealed that the electrospark deposition of the TiN–TiB₂ composite combined with subsequent laser processing was highly efficient. In tribotechnical tests, the linear wear of this coating was 0.5 μm, corresponding to a twelvefold increase in the wear resistance as compared to that of the TiN–Si₃N₄ coating for dynamic friction tests. The deposition of the TiN–Si₃N₄ composite enabled a double increase in the wear resistance of the substrate in dynamic testing mode. In this case, additional laser processing of the coating turned out to be inefficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 9-10","pages":"611 - 620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spark Plasma Sintering of Al2O3 Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Metal Matrix Composites (Review)","authors":"Ananth S. Iyengar,&nbsp;R. Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00416-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00416-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aluminum matrix nanocomposites (AMNCs) are a distinct category of advanced materials that incorporate nanoscale reinforcement in a ductile material matrix. Various nanomaterial reinforcements for AMNCs have been reported in the literature, including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), graphene nanoplatelets, silicon carbide, and boron nitride. These classes of materials have been described to exhibit both improvements and reductions in mechanical properties. The interfacial material phases result in low-strength materials. Improvements in mechanical properties are attributed by refined grain size and shape for both the matrix material and the reinforcement agent. These materials demonstrate higher hardness, yield strength, and wear corrosion compared to conventionally prepared aluminum composites. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is one of the non-conventional sintering methods used to prepare metal matrix composites, resulting in fully dense composite materials. The SPS-produced metal matrix composite can be manufactured rapidly and finds its applications in the automotive, aerospace, and defense industries. This review provides an overview and current status of metal matrix composites regarding matrix and reinforcing materials and the SPS process for producing metal matrix composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 9-10","pages":"536 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic Properties of the Glass-Forming Ternary (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)–Ti–Zr Liquid Alloys I. Mixing Enthalpies of Liquid Alloys","authors":"M. A. Turchanin,&nbsp;P. G. Agraval,&nbsp;G. O. Vodopyanova,&nbsp;V. A. Korsun","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00422-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00422-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Data on the mixing enthalpies of liquid alloys in ternary Me–Ti–Zr (Me = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) systems and boundary binary systems are summarized. The partial mixing enthalpies of titanium and zirconium and the integral mixing enthalpy of liquid Co–Ti–Zr alloys were investigated for the first time by high-temperature calorimetry at 1873 K along the <i>x</i>_Co/<i>x</i>_Ti =3 section at <i>x</i>_Zr = 0–0.57 and <i>x</i>_Co/<i>x</i>_Zr = 3 section at <i>x</i>_Ti = 0–0.54. It was shown that the investigated partial and integral functions were characterized by significant negative values. The isotherms of the integral mixing enthalpy of liquid Fe–Ti–Zr alloys at 2173 K and liquid Co–Ti–Zr alloys at 1873 K are described using the Redlich–Kister–Muggianu polynomial. A new description for the liquid Cu–Ti–Zr alloys at 1873 K is also presented. The negative values and composition dependence of the ∆_m<i>H</i> function for liquid alloys of each ternary system are determined by the predominant influence of MeTi and MeZr pair interactions, in which iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper are electron acceptors, while titanium and zirconium are donors. In the considered series of the binary Me–Ti and Me–Zr systems and ternary Me–Ti–Zr systems, the absolute values of the integral mixing enthalpy of liquid alloys increase in the transition from the iron systems to the nickel systems and are minimal in the systems with copper.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 9-10","pages":"621 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information on the Annual Report of the Ukrainian Commission of Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics (2023)","authors":"M. A. Turchanin,&nbsp;K. Ye. Korniyenko,&nbsp;T. Ya. Velikanova","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00412-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00412-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 1994, the Ukrainian Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamics Commission has been a part of the Alloy Phase Diagram International Commission (APDIC), in which 18 representatives from 26 countries of the world participate in its activities. The exchange of scientific information and coordination of activities of the international scientific community, mainly in the field of phase diagrams and thermodynamics, promoting the application of phase diagrams in industry and fundamental science, and dissemination of the methodology of critical evaluation of scientific information in world science are among the priority tasks of the APDIC’s activity. As part of the annual report of the Ukrainian Commission, at the APDIC meeting on June 30, 2023, information was presented on the results of the activities of Ukrainian scientists in this field in 2022. It is presented in the form of a table with data on the studied systems and obtained results and a list of references to published papers. Scientists from the Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science (National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv), Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv), and Donbas State Engineering Academy (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kramatorsk) provided relevant information to the Ukrainian Commission.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"496 - 502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of the 316L Steel Produced by Different Methods","authors":"S. V. Adjamsky,&nbsp;G. A. Kononenko,&nbsp;R. V. Podolskyi,&nbsp;O. A. Safronova,&nbsp;O. A. Shpak","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00405-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00405-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The 316L stainless steel meets all health, strength, and quality standards and is an irreplaceable material in the manufacture of medical equipment. The study focused on the 316L austenitic stainless steel, manufactured with the conventional technique in accordance with ASTM A276/A276M–17 Condition A (samples rolled and annealed at 1050°C with water cooling) and with the selective laser melting (SLM) technique (as-printed starting samples). Unlike conventional manufacturing techniques, SLM offers significantly greater design freedom. An AxioMat 200M optical microscope was employed to analyze the microstructure in different lighting modes, and Kalling’s and Marble’s reagents were used to reveal the structure. The 316L steel produced conventionally mainly consisted of austenite (microhardness of 239 kg/mm²), and substantial cross- sectional grain heterogeneity was established in the test sample. Twins and an atypical multidirectionally oriented dense acicular structure in the area of individual grains (microhardness of 260‒286 kg/mm²) and a unidirectional loose structure (microhardness of 317‒328 kg/mm²) were observed. The microstructure of the 316L steel produced with the SLM technique mainly consisted of austenite (microhardness of 268 kg/mm²). The boundaries of the primary austenite grains were revealed with Marble’s reagent, and arc-shaped structures of the melt bath were established. Kalling’s reagent revealed an atypical multidirectionally oriented intragranular substructure, located primarily between the tops of next-layer tracks in areas where previous-layer tracks overlapped (longitudinal microhardness of 239–251 kg/mm² and cross-sectional microhardness of 286–317 kg/mm²). Elongated columnar grains were found using differential interference contrast microscopy. The average ultimate strength of the steel samples produced with the conventional technique was higher than that of the samples produced with SLM by 4.63%, yield strength by 1.53%, relative elongation by 8.27%, and relative contraction by 18.36%. The lower level of properties and greater spread of their values for the SLM steel were due to the presence of elongated grains and anisotropy relative to the buildup direction. The actual level of properties shown by the SLM steel in the starting state meets the regulatory requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"436 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Advances in Close-Coupled Atomizer Flow and Atomizing Mechanisms","authors":"Min Zhang,&nbsp;Zhaoming Zhang,&nbsp;Qiusheng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00403-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00403-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As component manufacturing technology evolves, more demands are placed on improved performance of metal/alloy powders in medical, military, machining, and 3D printing applications. High-quality powders are characterized by low oxygen content, precise alloy composition, small particle size, and high particle sphericity. Coupled gas atomization powder preparation technology is an ideal choice for preparing high-quality powders with high atomization efficiency, low oxygen content, and high cooling rate. However, this powder preparation technology’s multiphase flow and multiscale coupling is a complicated physical process. In addition, the mechanism of atomization has not yet been fully understood. Thus, there is no consensus on the atomization phenomena and atomization mechanisms. Close-coupled gas atomization powder preparation technology is facing great challenges in the field of low-cost mass production of high-quality powders. Therefore, it is expected to improve the close-coupled gas atomized powder preparation technology and achieve breakthroughs in atomization principle, such as high-efficiency gas atomization technology, intelligent control of the high-efficiency gas atomization process, and so on. In this respect, this review summarizes the atomizer structures, gas atomization flow field-testing technologies, and gas atomization flow field numerical simulations based on relevant literature. In addition, the gas atomization mechanism of the closely coupled atomizers will be analyzed. Finally, several research directions are proposed for further in-depth studies on the atomization characteristics and mechanisms of close-coupled vortex loop slit atomizers.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"400 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Catalytic Effect of RTO3 Perovskites on Hydrogen Storage and Hydrolysis Properties of Magnesium Hydride","authors":"O.P. Kononiuk,&nbsp;I.Yu. Zavaliy,&nbsp;V.V. Berezovets,&nbsp;A.R. Kytsya,&nbsp;I.V. Lutsyuk,&nbsp;L.O. Vasylechko,&nbsp;M.V. Chekailo,&nbsp;Yu.M. Solonin","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00411-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00411-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"503 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic Properties of Melts in the Eu–Ge System","authors":"V. A. Shevchuk,&nbsp;L. O. Romanova,&nbsp;V. G. Kudin,&nbsp;M. O. Shevchenko,&nbsp;V. S. Sudavtsova","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00409-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00409-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The isoperibolic calorimetry method was employed to determine, for the first time, the partial and integral mixing enthalpies for melts in the Eu–Ge system over the entire composition range at 1200 K and 1370–1440 K. The minimum mixing enthalpy for these melts was –49.1 ± 4.4 kJ/mol and was shown by the alloy with <i>x</i>_Ge = 0.45, while <span>(Delta {overline{H} }_{{text{Eu}}}^{infty })</span> = –145.7 ± 22.3 kJ/mol and <span>(Delta {overline{H} }_{{text{Ge}}}^{infty })</span> = –166.8 ± ± 19.8 kJ/mol at 1400 ± 3 K, correlating with the solid-state behavior of these melts. This allows categorizing these melts within the series of the Ge–Ln (lanthanide) systems and justifying the thermodynamic properties of melts in the Eu–Ge system, in particular, and in the Ge–Ln system, in general. Using the thermochemical properties for melts in the Eu–Ge system, the ideal associated solution model was employed to optimize and calculate the Gibbs energies, enthalpies, and entropies of formation for the melts, associates in melts, and intermetallics. A large number of associates, especially EuGe, formed in the studied melts because of the highest probability of collision between two dissimilar atoms in liquid alloys. The maximum mole fraction of the EuGe associate reached 0.48 and those of Eu₃Ge, Eu₂Ge, EuGe₂, and EuGe₃ were 0.2, 0.26, 0.24, and 0.26, respectively. The activities of components in melts of the Eu–Ge system showed substantial negative deviations from the ideal solution, correlating with our thermochemical properties. This all indicated strong interactions between dissimilar atoms in melts of the Eu–Ge system, likely involving the transfer of valence electrons of europium to the 4p orbital of germanium. The Δ<i>G</i> values over the entire composition range were greater than Δ<i>H</i>, with Δ<i>G</i>_min = –28.8 kJ/mol at <i>x</i>_Ge = 0.45. Moreover, the Δ<i>G</i> function was also almost symmetrical because of the entropy contribution (mixing entropy of the studied melts was negative, and Δ<i>S</i>_min = –15.0 J/mol K at <i>x</i>_Ge = 0.45). The calculations based on the ideal associated solution model also established that the <span>(Delta {overline{H} }_{{text{Eu}}}^{infty })</span> values for melts in the Eu–Ge system increased insignificantly with temperature, while <span>(Delta {overline{H} }_{{text{Ge}}}^{infty })</span> increased more substantially. This might be due to the break of covalent bonds between germanium atoms. Complete information on the thermodynamic properties of all phases was obtained, enabling a thermodynamic description of the Eu–Ge system for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"481 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structurization Mechanism in the Growth of Titanium Alloys","authors":"A. A. Skrebtsov,&nbsp;J. I. Kononenko,&nbsp;O. V. Lysytsia,&nbsp;A. V. Kononenko","doi":"10.1007/s11106-024-00410-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11106-024-00410-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additive manufacturing is a process of producing parts, involving incremental addition of material onto a flat or axial substrate. This manufacturing option is also called ‘growth’ because the product is formed by continuously building up layers of material until it is complete. Additive materials and techniques are modern and relevant. Employing these techniques, materials can be produced with various types of energy to fuse powders. The structurization mechanism is virtually unknown in this case. Using additive manufacturing techniques, samples were prepared from the VT1-0 alloy powder on a VT20 alloy substrate and from the VT20 alloy powder on a VT1-0 alloy substrate. The structures of samples cut out from different areas of the deposited material were studied and their microhardness was measured. The relationship between the structure and microhardness in the deposited material was shown. A structurization mechanism for titanium material through the deposition of titanium powder was proposed. A mechanism for the formation of pores in the metal was suggested. The structurization process was characterized by the redistribution of doping elements in the deposited metal and the substrate, as evidenced by changes in microhardness. The microhardness varied from the level characteristic of the substrate metal to the microhardness inherent in the deposited metal. The temperature gradient during the growth of a metal sample was uneven. This led to changes in the size of the structural components in the metal. The powder was fused layer by layer, with the formation of pores depending on the powder particle size. Larger particles formed larger pores compared to those formed by finer powders. The processes established in the experiments were consistent for both deposition options. The difference resided in the base metal, specifically its chemical composition. The proposed mechanism enhanced the general understanding of the structurization processes during additive growth (deposition) of titanium alloys from their powders.</p>","PeriodicalId":742,"journal":{"name":"Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics","volume":"62 7-8","pages":"490 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}