American Journal of Men's Health最新文献

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of a Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody Targeting PSMA and CD3 to Enhance T-Cell-Mediated Lysis.","authors":"Mustafa Abdulkareem Aljaberi, Elyes Chabchoub","doi":"10.1177/15579883261439951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883261439951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is among the most prevalent malignancies in men worldwide and is associated with poor outcomes in advanced stages. Conventional therapies, including androgen deprivation and chemotherapy, provide limited benefit and are often accompanied by significant toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and immunological impact of a novel bispecific single-chain antibody targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and CD3 in preclinical models. A bispecific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody was engineered to simultaneously bind PSMA on tumor cells and CD3 on T cells. The construct was expressed in mammalian cell lines, and its purity, specificity, and binding affinity were characterized. In vivo efficacy was assessed in murine xenograft models of prostate cancer, with treatment groups receiving human T cells with or without the bispecific antibody. Tumor growth, survival, and immunological responses were evaluated using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and histopathological analysis. The bispecific antibody demonstrated high purity (mean 97.7%), strong binding affinity to PSMA (Kd 0.23 nM) and CD3 (Kd 0.30 nM), and specificity >99%. In vivo, treatment significantly reduced tumor growth (75.45 ± 3.52 mm³ vs. 543.39 ± 44.35 mm³ in controls at Day 28; Student's <i>t</i>-test, t(28) = 40.52, <i>p</i> < .001) and prolonged survival (59.00 ± 0.84 vs. 31.00 ± 0.84 days; Log-rank test, <i>p</i> < .001). Enhanced T-cell activation, infiltration, and IFN-γ release were observed, accompanied by increased tumor necrosis and apoptosis. The PSMA-CD3 bispecific antibody effectively redirected T-cell cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells, resulting in robust antitumor activity and survival benefit. These findings support further translational development of bispecific immunotherapies for advanced prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"15579883261439951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Young Men's Help-Seeking Behavior: Insights From a National Australian Survey.","authors":"Robert Palmer, James Kite, Philayrath Phongsavan, Katherine B Owen, Timothy J Moss, Bernie Marshall, Ben J Smith","doi":"10.1177/15579883251412964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883251412964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young men face unique barriers to accessing health care, contributing to poor health outcomes. We used data from 188 Australian men aged 18-34 years, who participated in a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, to examine the relationships between health literacy, health empowerment, social support, loneliness, and barriers to health care. Structural equation modeling was used to examine direct and indirect associations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and health status. Loneliness and health literacy were consistently associated with barriers to help-seeking. Higher health literacy was linked to lower barriers (<i>β</i> = -0.26, <i>p</i> = .001), whereas higher loneliness was associated with higher barriers (<i>β</i> = 0.24, <i>p</i> = .007). Higher health empowerment was associated with lower concrete barriers and distrust of caregivers (<i>β</i> = -0.20, <i>p</i> = .007), and loneliness was found to be indirectly associated with concrete barriers and distrust of caregivers through health empowerment (<i>β</i> = 0.07, <i>p</i> = .024). Social support was not associated with barriers to help-seeking. These findings underscore the importance of health literacy and loneliness as consistent determinants of help-seeking and highlight the role of health empowerment in reducing practical and interpersonal access barriers. The results can inform the design of interventions to improve health care engagement among young men.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 3","pages":"15579883251412964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovering Real Men Care: The Emergent Masculinities of Stay-at-Home Husbands in Hong Kong.","authors":"Eileen Yh Tsang","doi":"10.1177/15579883261423526","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261423526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising phenomenon of stay-at-home husbands (SAHHs) in Hong Kong exemplifies the evolution of masculinities in Asia. The development of emergent masculinities through SAHHs is intertwined with hybrid masculinities to expand the range of visible male roles in an Asian context. The implication of SAHHs is explored through interviews conducted with 31 middle-class SAHHs and 19 wives of SAHHs in Hong Kong. Two key findings are (1) emergent masculinities via SAHHs upend conventional gendered family roles as they become the primary caregivers for their children with notable support from their breadwinner wives and (2) hybrid masculinities in blended gender roles continue to actively evolve in Hong Kong. These findings highlight how emergent masculinities are entwined with hybrid masculinities whereby SAHHs maintain some traditional gender roles and values while embracing tasks associated with child-rearing, which prioritize care, emotional expression, and domesticity. These emerging roles contribute to the literature on masculinity by highlighting Hong Kong SAHHs during the COVID-19 era. The data suggest a reframing of traditional or conventional expectations of masculinities, and through crucial support by their wives, they will continue the trend toward more dynamic gender relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261423526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Obesity, Inflammatory Indicators, and Serum Testosterone in Adult Males: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2011-2016 and 2021-2023.","authors":"Si-Zheng Zhang, Yu-Hang Meng, Zheng-Yang Zhou, Jie Wu, Liang Su, Yong-Zheng Jiao","doi":"10.1177/15579883261436321","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261436321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity significantly contributes to declining serum testosterone levels in men, with chronic inflammation being a crucial potential mechanism; Clinical research evidence directly supporting this pathway remains limited. We investigated how obesity relates to serum testosterone in males, with particular attention to the intermediary role of chronic inflammation. Our study included adult males aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted from 2011 to 2016 and from 2021 to 2023. Obesity status was assessed with body mass index (BMI), body roundness index (BRI), and waist circumference (WC). Chronic inflammatory status was assessed with an aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). Multivariable regression assessed associations between obesity metrics and testosterone. The indirect influence of inflammatory indicators was assessed through mediation analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed by weight status. The study comprised 7,418 participants. Multivariable linear regression revealed that obesity (BMI, WC, BRI) was negatively associated with male serum testosterone. Generalized additive models indicated a nonlinear relationship, showing a clear inverse association. Chronic inflammatory status (SII, SIRI, and AISI) mediated the association between obesity and male serum testosterone. In subgroup analyses, the association was consistent with overall findings, but the mediating effect of chronic inflammatory status was statistically significant only in the group with obesity (BRI ≥4.5, WC ≥102 cm, and BMI ≥30 kg/m²). Obesity was inversely associated with serum testosterone in adult males. Chronic inflammatory status may partly explain this association, particularly among individuals with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261436321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13051082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147607608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties for a Turkish Version of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory-30.","authors":"Bedia Tarsuslu, John L Oliffe, Gulgun Durat, John S Ogrodniczuk, David Kealy","doi":"10.1177/15579883251414408","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883251414408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although many forms of the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI) are widely used in international literature, there is yet to be a Turkish version. The CMNI-30 is an instrument consisting of 30 statements developed to measure masculinity ideologies, with statements representing different behaviors associated with masculinity. The CMNI-30 has proven reliable and valid across different languages and cultures. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CMNI-30. Tested with 1,091 Turkish men, data were collected after content validation with the 10-factor model of the CMNI-30, indicating good construct validity. Also, convergent validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, item-total score analysis, and test-retest analyses were applied. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the CMNI-30 was similar to its original structure, and all factor loadings were above 0.30. The fit indices were >0.85, and the root mean square error of approximation value was <0.05. Cronbach's alpha value was calculated as 0.871. Item-total correlations ranged between .253 and .541, and the test-retest correlation was found to be <i>r</i> = .344 (<i>p</i> < .001). Convergent validity analysis showed a significant positive relationship between CMNI-30 and Male Role Norms Scale. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the CMNI-30.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883251414408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12972569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147389074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses' Roles in Managing Erectile Dysfunction: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review.","authors":"Hui-Chun Chen, Chieh-Yu Liu, Chun-Hou Liao","doi":"10.1177/15579883261426900","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261426900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual health is a fundamental aspect of overall well-being, with erectile dysfunction (ED) being one of the most prevalent sexual disorders. Nurses play a crucial role in addressing the needs of patients experiencing ED, yet their specific roles and responsibilities remain underexplored. We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review to examine the general and specific roles of registered nurses (RNs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in caring for patients with ED. Relevant studies were identified through searches in Academic Search Complete (EBSCO), Embase, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Two independent researchers assessed the methodological quality of the included studies (<i>N</i> = 14; 12 quantitative and two qualitative) using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and performed data extraction, transformation, integration, and synthesis. Five responsibilities of nursing roles in ED care were identified: (1) risk factor assessment, (2) needs clarification and/or diagnosis, (3) individual or couple education, (4) facilitation and/or provision of treatment, and (5) continuous monitoring. RNs play a fundamental role in assessing and identifying problems, promoting sexual health, educating and supporting treatment adherence, and facilitating interventions or treatments. In contrast, NPs have a distinct role in monitoring laboratory testing, diagnostics, counseling and treating patients, and collaboration with specialists. Both RNs and NPs use a multidisciplinary approach to provide care activities; RNs provide referrals for to get better services internally or externally, while NPs refer for specialists or urologists' consultations to promote comprehensive care. Findings underscore the need for enhanced education and training programs for RNs-to improve their knowledge of assessment, understanding of ED care-and for NPs-to improve knowledge of diagnosis, counseling, treatment, and patient monitoring-to ensure comprehensive and multidisciplinary ED team care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261426900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12972559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147389112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship Between Diaphragmatic Ultrasound Parameters and Lipid Mediators in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Control Study.","authors":"Warda Jelassi, Abir Hedhli, Sameh Hajtaeib, Khadija Euchi, Mohamed Kacem Ben Fraj, Sana Cheikhrouhou, Yacine Ouahchi, Meriem Mjid, Sonia Toujani, Moncef Feki, Besma Dhahri","doi":"10.1177/15579883251396535","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883251396535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory disorder characterized by irreversible airflow limitation and respiratory muscle dysfunction. Bioactive lipid mediators such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) play critical roles in regulating inflammation, yet their relationship with diaphragmatic performance in COPD remains poorly understood. This case-control study investigated the association between circulating lipid mediators and diaphragmatic function in 40 male COPD patients and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent clinical assessment, spirometry, C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement, blood sampling for lipid mediator profiling-including polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived metabolites-and diaphragmatic ultrasound evaluation of excursion and thickening fraction (TF). COPD patients exhibited significantly impaired diaphragmatic function and elevated pro-inflammatory lipid mediators compared with controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified Prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.826), Thromboxane B2 (TXB₂) (AUC = 0.832), and Leukotriene B4 (LTB₄) (AUC = 0.737) as strong diagnostic biomarkers for COPD. Among SPMs, RvD1 correlated positively with diaphragmatic excursion (<i>r</i> = .62) and TF (<i>r</i> = .58), Lipoxin A4 (LXA₄) correlated with Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV₁) (<i>r</i> = .66), and Protectin DX (PDX) showed an inverse association with the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score (<i>r</i> = -.54). Leukotriene E4 (LTE₄) and Leukotriene D4 (LTD₄) were negatively associated with diaphragmatic performance, while CRP levels inversely correlated with ultrasound parameters. Diaphragmatic TF demonstrated high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (92%) in predicting severe exacerbations. These findings suggest that lipid mediator imbalance contributes to diaphragmatic dysfunction in COPD and that combining lipidomic profiling with diaphragmatic ultrasound may offer a promising approach for assessing systemic inflammation and respiratory muscle performance in male COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883251396535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Masculinities: An Exploration of Peer Coaching, Health Behaviors, and Mortality Risks Among Men in Tuberculosis and HIV Interventions in South Africa.","authors":"Kelly Rutt, Lindsey DeVos, Kuyola Gala, Thembani Njama, Mziwanbantu Fosi, Zibele Mhaleni, Joseph Daniels, Andrew Medina-Marino","doi":"10.1177/15579883261430886","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261430886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>South African men remain disproportionately affected by tuberculosis (TB) and HIV, with social norms around masculinity often hindering care-seeking and medication adherence. This study investigates how Coach Mpilo, a peer mentoring intervention led by men who are TB survivors or living openly with HIV, engages concepts of masculinity to improve health outcomes among men in TB/HIV care. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with male peer coaches implementing the Coach Mpilo intervention in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. Coaches, all TB survivors and/or living with HIV, described their experiences supporting newly diagnosed men with TB/HIV. Guided by the Health, Illness, Men, and Masculinities Framework, thematic analysis identified key domains through which masculine norms and social expectations influenced health trajectories and intervention engagement. 20 participants described how men's emotional health is constrained by norms discouraging vulnerability. Participants reported that men's self-reliance and clinic avoidance impede timely care and adherence, and how provider roles, poverty, and structural barriers increase risk, often forcing men to choose work over health care. Coaches discussed hegemonic ideals among their peer clients, and that stigma delays diagnosis and worsens outcomes. Coaches described finding success by framing treatment and health-seeking as acts of strength and responsibility, and by advocating for male-centered clinic spaces and tailored support. Findings illustrate that working with, rather than against, masculine norms can motivate men to engage with TB/HIV services. Peer coaching that reimagines vulnerability as strength, while addressing both social and systemic barriers, holds promise for promoting men's health and reducing disparities in high-burden settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261430886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147455066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Erectile Dysfunction in a Single Young Male With Multiple Associated Psychological Factors.","authors":"Beatrice Jee Ngee Ling, Shaiful Bahari Ismail","doi":"10.1177/15579883261441860","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261441860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common presentation in primary care; while psychogenic ED is well-described globally, cases in sexually inexperienced young men where moral incongruence, pornography-related guilt, and childhood trauma are predominant contributors are rarely documented. ED in young males is increasingly recognized as multifactorial, with biopsychosocial complexity, and it can be assessed even in the absence of partnered sexual activity using masturbation-based evaluation. We present the case of a 24-year-old single male with perceived sexual dysfunction: difficulty in sustaining penile erection during masturbation. He engaged in frequent masturbation with pornography, experiencing guilt and moral conflict, and was concerned about \"sexual addiction\" and anticipated future partnered sexual performance. He reported a background of childhood trauma, a strained paternal relationship with physical abuse, and symptoms of anxiety and low mood. General and systemic physical examinations were unremarkable. Mental state examination further revealed performance anxiety and psychosocial distress, without evidence of an organic pathology. Management aligns with the biopsychosocial framework prioritizing patient-centered psychosocial support, psychoeducation, and cognitive-behavioral strategies within the primary care setting, supplemented by initiation of pharmacotherapy and psychiatric collaboration, leading to notable improvement in psychological and sexual functioning. Clinicians should recognize that psychogenic ED in sexually inexperienced young males may stem from moral incongruence and pornography-related guilt. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive sexual history taking, identification of contributors to psychological distress, trauma history, and sexual behaviors. Early holistic intervention at the primary care level, supported by multidisciplinary collaboration, can facilitate timely recognition and effective management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261441860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paternal Alienation, Paternal Strain, Generativity, Adjustment, and Resilience (P-APGAR): A Conceptual Framework for Fathers' Perinatal Psychosocial Adjustment.","authors":"Rachael E Schmitz","doi":"10.1177/15579883261430883","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15579883261430883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paternal perinatal depression is underrecognized, and existing tools often fail to capture male-specific symptomatic expressions. Fathers experience significant psychosocial changes during the transitional period, yet clinical assessment of paternal mental health remains largely absent from routine clinical practice. This paper introduces a multi-dimensional tool called the P-APGAR. The theory-informed conceptual tool is meant to guide the assessment of fathers' perinatal adjustment, operationalizing core elements of role-based, relational, and emotional adaptation. The model adapts the logic of the traditional newborn APGAR score to a father-centered context based on Paternal Identity, Alienation, Paternal Strain, Generativity, Adjustment, and Resilience. A theoretical synthesis approach was used to integrate findings from qualitative and quantitative literature on paternal perinatal experiences using established theories of family systems, gender role strain, and transitional resilience. This fusion of nursing theory, sociological constructs, and current research shaped the development of the domains, each meant to reflect fathers' experiences of connection, stress, meaningful adaptation, and coping. This analysis includes a brief review of established instruments (BDI, CES-D, EPDS, GMDS, PHQ-9, PBQ, F-PHI, EGDS, MGMQ, MDRS, and PAPA). The P-APGAR framework provides a structured, clinically applicable approach to identifying vulnerable paternal psychosocial patterns not adequately detected by existing maternal-driven depression scales. This model offers a pragmatic structure based on grounded theories for clinical conversations, research development, and future measurement, while emphasizing fathers' relational roles, purposeful actions, and comprehensive adaptive capacities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7429,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Men's Health","volume":"20 2","pages":"15579883261430883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12979878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}