Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)最新文献_第7页

Microglia and neurogenesis in the epileptic dentate gyrus 癫痫性齿状回的小胶质细胞和神经发生

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1235525

Cong Luo, Y. Ikegaya, R. Koyama

引用次数: 16

Could folic acid influence growth cone motility during the development of neural connectivity? 叶酸是否会影响神经连接发育过程中的生长锥运动?

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1230167

D. Wiens

{"title":"Could folic acid influence growth cone motility during the development of neural connectivity?","authors":"D. Wiens","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1230167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1230167","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Perinatal dietary supplementation, together with widespread fortification of grain-based foods with synthetic folic acid (FA) has resulted in rising concentrations of unmetabolized plasma FA in pregnant women. In a recently published study we reported on experiments in which we cultured dorsal root ganglia from chick embryos in a range of FA concentrations. We found that FA inhibited neurite extension, synaptogenesis, and growth cone motility. In this commentary we consider the possible mechanism further. The effect of FA is more likely to be on motility processes of growth cones with their exploratory filapodia than on neurotrophic stimulation. Receptors present in the filapodia membrane recognize and bind to environmental guidance cues. The presence of the NMDA receptor on filapodia, and the possible competition of FA with the neurotransmitter glutamate for binding to it, resulting in perturbation of growth cone guidance, are discussed. Whether excess FA exerts its inhibitory effects by such binding competition or via some other mechanism, further investigation is needed. Sufficient intake of folate from conception through the first month of human pregnancy is essential for neural tube closure. However, our results suggest that an upper limit for FA consumption after the first month should be considered.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1230167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59994290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

EZH2 orchestrates apicobasal polarity and neuroepithelial cell renewal EZH2协调尖基底极性和神经上皮细胞更新

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1250034

N. Akizu, M. Martínez-Balbás

引用次数: 11

Divergence and rewiring of regulatory networks for neural development between human and other species 人类和其他物种之间神经发育调控网络的分化和重新布线

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1231495

Ping Wang, Dejian Zhao, Shira Rockowitz, D. Zheng

{"title":"Divergence and rewiring of regulatory networks for neural development between human and other species","authors":"Ping Wang, Dejian Zhao, Shira Rockowitz, D. Zheng","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1231495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1231495","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Neural and brain development in human and other mammalian species are largely similar, but distinct features exist at the levels of macrostructure and underlying genetic control. Comparative studies of epigenetic regulation and transcription factor (TF) binding in humans, chimpanzees, rodents, and other species have found large differences in gene regulatory networks. A recent analysis of the cistromes of REST/NRSF, a critical transcriptional regulator for the nervous system, demonstrated that REST binding to syntenic genomic regions (i.e., conserved binding) represents only a small percentage of the total binding events in human and mouse embryonic stem cells. While conserved binding is significantly associated with functional features (e.g., co-factor recruitment) and enriched at genes important for neural development and function, >3000 genes, including many related to brain and neural functions, either contain extra REST-bound sites (e.g., NRXN1) or are targeted by REST only (e.g. PSEN2) in humans. Surprisingly, several genes known to have critical roles in learning and memory, or brain disorders (e.g., APP and HTT) exhibit characteristics of human specific REST regulation. These findings indicate that more systematic studies are needed to better understand the divergent wiring of regulatory networks in humans, mice, and other mammals and their functional implications.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1231495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59994877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Neuron's little helper: The role of primary cilia in neurogenesis 神经元的小帮手:初级纤毛在神经发生中的作用

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1253363

Paola Lepanto, José L. Badano, F. R. Zolessi

引用次数: 27

Cacna1c: Protecting young hippocampal neurons in the adult brain Cacna1c:保护成人大脑中年轻的海马神经元

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1231160

H. De Jesús-Cortés, A. Rajadhyaksha, A. Pieper

{"title":"Cacna1c: Protecting young hippocampal neurons in the adult brain","authors":"H. De Jesús-Cortés, A. Rajadhyaksha, A. Pieper","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1231160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1231160","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Neuropsychiatric disease is the leading cause of disability in the United States, and fourth worldwide.1,2 Not surprisingly, human genetic studies have revealed a common genetic predisposition for many forms of neuropsychiatric disease, potentially explaining why overlapping symptoms are commonly observed across multiple diagnostic categories. For example, the CACNA1C gene was recently identified in the largest human genome-wide association study to date as a risk loci held in common across 5 major forms of neuropsychiatric disease: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.3 This gene encodes for the Cav1.2 subunit of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (LTCC), accounting for 85% of LTCCs in the brain, while the Cav1.3 subunit comprises the remainder.4 In neurons, LTCCs mediate calcium influx in response to membrane depolarization,5 thereby regulating neurotransmission and gene expression. Here, we describe our recent finding that Cav1.2 also controls survival of young hippocampal neurons in the adult brain, which has been linked to the etiology and treatment of neuropsychiatric disease. We also describe the effective restoration of young hippocampal neuron survival in adult Cav1.2 forebrain-specific conditional knockout mice using the neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1231160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59994865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

New insight into LSD1 function in human cortical neurogenesis 人类皮层神经发生中LSD1功能的新认识

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1249195

Kazumi Hirano, M. Namihira

{"title":"New insight into LSD1 function in human cortical neurogenesis","authors":"Kazumi Hirano, M. Namihira","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1249195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1249195","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The cerebral cortex of primates has evolved massively and intricately in comparison to that of other species. Accumulating evidence indicates that this is caused by changes in cell biological features of neural stem cells (NSCs), which differentiate into neurons and glial cells during development. The fate of NSCs during rodent cortical development is stringently regulated by epigenetic factors, such as histone modification enzymes, but the role of these factors in human corticogenesis is largely unknown. We have recently discovered that a lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which catalyzes the demethylation of methyl groups in the histone tail, plays a unique role in human fetal NSCs (hfNSCs). We show that, unlike the role previously reported in mice, LSD1 in hfNSCs is necessary for neuronal differentiation and controls the expression of HEYL, one of the NOTCH target genes, by modulating the methylation level of histones on its promoter region. Interestingly, LSD1-regulation of Heyl expression is not observed in mouse NSCs. Furthermore, we first demonstrated that HEYL is able to maintain the undifferentiated state of hfNSCs. Our findings provide a new insight indicating that LSD1 may be a key player in the development and characterization of the evolved cerebral cortex.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1249195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59994717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Switching the rate and pattern of cell division for neural tube closure 改变神经管闭合过程中细胞分裂的速率和模式

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1235938

Yosuke Ogura, Y. Sasakura

{"title":"Switching the rate and pattern of cell division for neural tube closure","authors":"Yosuke Ogura, Y. Sasakura","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1235938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1235938","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The morphogenetic movement associated with neural tube closure (NTC) requires both positive and negative regulations of cell proliferation. The dual requirement of cell division control during NTC underscores the importance of the developmental control of cell division. In the chordate ascidian, midline fusions of the neural ectoderm and surface ectoderm (SE) proceed in the posterior-to-anterior direction, followed by a single wave of asynchronous and patterned cell division in SE. Before NTC, SE exhibits synchronous mitoses; disruption of the synchrony causes a failure of NTC. Therefore, NTC is the crucial turning point at which SE switches from synchronous to patterned mitosis. Our recent work discovered that the first sign of patterned cell division in SE appears was an asynchronous S-phase length along the anterior-posterior axis before NTC: the asynchrony of S-phase is offset by the compensatory G2-phase length, thus maintaining the apparent synchrony of cell division. By the loss of compensatory G2 phase, the synchronized cell division harmoniously switches to a patterned cell division at the onset of NTC. Here we review the developmental regulation of rate and pattern of cell division during NTC with emphasis on the switching mechanism identified in our study.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1235938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59994614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Astrocytic calcium activation in a mouse model of tDCS—Extended discussion 星形细胞钙在tdcs小鼠模型中的激活

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1240055

Hiromu Monai, H. Hirase

引用次数: 21

Cholinergic Circuit Control of Postnatal Neurogenesis. 出生后神经发生的胆碱能回路控制。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2015.1127310

Brent Asrican, Patricia Paez-Gonzalez, Joshua Erb, Chay T Kuo

{"title":"Cholinergic Circuit Control of Postnatal Neurogenesis.","authors":"Brent Asrican, Patricia Paez-Gonzalez, Joshua Erb, Chay T Kuo","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2015.1127310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2015.1127310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New neuron addition via continued neurogenesis in the postnatal/adult mammalian brain presents a distinct form of nervous system plasticity. During embryonic development, precise temporal and spatial patterns of neurogenesis are necessary to create the nervous system architecture. Similar between embryonic and postnatal stages, neurogenic proliferation is regulated by neural stem cell (NSC)-intrinsic mechanisms layered upon cues from their local microenvironmental niche. Following developmental assembly, it remains relatively unclear what may be the key driving forces that sustain continued production of neurons in the postnatal/adult brain. Recent experimental evidence suggests that patterned activity from specific neural circuits can also directly govern postnatal/adult neurogenesis. Here, we review experimental findings that revealed cholinergic modulation, and how patterns of neuronal activity and acetylcholine release may differentially or synergistically activate downstream signaling in NSCs. Higher-order excitatory and inhibitory inputs regulating cholinergic neuron firing, and their implications in neurogenesis control are also considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2015.1127310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34602630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23