American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"An Intelligent Approach to Develop, Assess and Optimize Energy Consumption Models for Air-Cooled Chillers using Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"M. Tahmasebi, N. Nassif","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.220.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.220.229","url":null,"abstract":": The building sector accounts for more than 70% of the total electricity use. Chillers consume more than 50% of electrical energy during seasonal periods of building use. With the growth of the building sector and climate change, it's essential to develop energy-efficient HVAC systems that optimize the ever-increasing energy demand. This study aims to develop an energy consumption prediction model for air-cooled chillers using machine learning algorithms. This is done by developing different static and dynamic data-driven regressive and neural network models and comparing the accuracy of their prediction to identify the most accurate modeling algorithm using 3 main inputs chilled water return temperature, outside drybulb temperature, and cooling load. The proposed model structure was then optimized in terms of the number of neurons, epochs, time delays as well as the number of input variables using a genetic algorithm. Training and testing were done using real data obtained from a fully instrumented 4-ton air-cooled chiller. Results of the study show that the optimized artificial neural network model can predict energy consumption with a high level of accuracy compared to conventional modeling techniques. The development of highly accurate self-tuning models can be a powerful tool to use for other applications such as fault detection and diagnosis, assessment, and system optimization. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of using deep learning algorithms with more hidden layers and cross-validation techniques.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88669058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cartesian Regulator for an Ideal Position-Servo Actuated Didactic Mechatronic Device: Asymptotic Stability Analysis","authors":"G. Zepeda, R. Kelly, Carmen Monroy","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.189.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.189.196","url":null,"abstract":": Position-servo actuators are by themselves feedback mechatronics systems modeled by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE). From a technological point of view, position-servos are based upon an electrical motor, a shaft angular position sensor, and a dominant Proportional controller. These position servo actuators are at the core of several real-life practical and didactic mechatronics and robotics systems. The contribution of this study is the introduction of a novel position regulator in Cartesian space and the stability analysis of a real-world mechatronic system involving the following mechatronics ingredients: A position servo actuated pendulum endowed with position sensing for feedback and a novel nonlinear integral controller for direct position regulation in Cartesian space avoiding the inverse kinematics computational burden. Because of the nonlinear nature of the control system, the standard analysis tools from classic linear control cannot be utilized, thus this study invokes Lyapunov stability arguments to prove asymptotic stability and to provide an estimate of the domain of attraction.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89655706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing Composite Valve Covers for Reciprocating Engine Applications","authors":"Peng Wang, Natalie Zimmermann","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.178.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.178.188","url":null,"abstract":": The use of composites within the aeronautical field is not limited to airframe applications and includes powerplant components in reciprocating engines. To add to the research body in this area, the presented work aimed to evaluate the performance of novel carbon fiber valve covers installed on an aircraft reciprocating engine. Specifically, the comparative performance between novel composite-based valve covers and original steel valve covers was of interest, with a focus on the thermal and cooling behavior. The experimental procedure simulated certification testing required for parts manufacturer approval provided by the Federal Aviation Administration and followed the cooling test protocol outlined by ASTM International. The test engine was run once with each valve cover type and at multiple power settings, throughout which the surface temperature of the valve covers was recorded. In addition, the carbon fiber valve cover was subjected to a post-run visual inspection to identify the overall condition thereof and any potential damage introduced under engine operating conditions. The experimental study revealed lower temperatures with accompanying higher cooling and heating rates for the carbon fiber valve cover when compared to the original steel valve cover. Moreover, sealing issues on the carbon fiber valve cover were observed. The high heating rates coupled with the sealing issues can have a detrimental impact on the engine operation and lifetime, thus, equivalency requirements were not met. While the novel carbon fiber valve cover did not perform at directly equivalent levels to the original steel valve cover, the potential for future improved performance is demonstrated. Especially the lower temperatures sustained, the rapid cooling rate, and the weight savings associated with the use of composite materials are promising. Moreover, the results obtained can be used to further refine the design of composite-based valve covers, with the ultimate goal of meeting certification and applicational requirements.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85590500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Mutual Coupling of Typical Commercial UHF RFID Tags in a High-Density Environment","authors":"G. K. Fernand, Akpata Edouard, Assamoi Claude Daniel, Gnamele N’tcho Assoukpou Jean, Youan Bi Tra Jean Claude, Ouattara Yelakan Berenger, Konan Kouassi Fransisco","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.209.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.209.219","url":null,"abstract":": In the context of high-density passive UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag technology, the problem of mutual coupling has to be taken into account as one of the performance criteria of UHF RFID systems. In practical applications, mutual coupling changes the intrinsic parameters of the antennas attached to these tags, i.e., the impedance matching of the antenna and the chip and the radiation pattern. The objective of this study is to study the performance of some commercial tag prototypes by their level of sensitivity to mutual coupling. The 3D initialization model of the Printed Dipole, Printed T-Match, and Printed Meander tags were used to directly extract the mutual impedance values in various scenarios by the ANSYS HFSS software and compare them with the MATLAB software. The simulated results show the effectiveness of this study in obtaining a clear understanding of the performance of the tags. These results open new perspectives on the study of mutual tag-to-tag coupling for research and will help users to make better decisions in the choice of UHF RFID tags for the radio frequency identification of products.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87254499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Thermodynamic Equilibrium of Fragrance Mixtures, Limonene, Linalool and Geraniol, using the Unifac and Cosmo-Sac Models and the Estimation of their Combined Properties in Binary, Ternary and Quaternary Mixtures","authors":"L. Silva, José Izaquiel Santos da Silva, Rogério Alexandre Alves de Melo, Edilailsa Januário de Melo","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.160.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.160.177","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: José Izaquiel Santos da Silva Institute of Science and Technology (ICT), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Brazil Email: izaquiel@ict.ufvjm.edu.br Abstract: Perfume is a non-ideal complex mixture of chemicals originating from the extraction of essential oils and these oils are volatile components extracted from plants, some animals, or even synthesized. For this reason, to compose a fragrance, there are countless possibilities to combine one element and another, which makes the process slow and expensive. Therefore, in this study, we will combine three components of the most known and accepted in the cosmetic industry that make up most essential oils, they are Limonene, linalool, and geraniol. The effect of these combinations generates an influence on the diffusive behavior, on the volatility of the mixture and on the odor intensity of its constituents, due to molecular interactions, its physicochemical properties and the presence of liquid and vapor phases. Therefore, some thermodynamic models and calculations involving vapor-liquid balance, EVL, are the most used tools to predict perfume performance and quality. In general, these models start from the activity coefficient, which measures the nonideality of the mixture, by the modified Raoult's law, which associates this coefficient to the vapor pressure and to the compositions in each phase. However, being of industrial interest, the use of modeling and process simulations capable of optimizing the time and cost of a product, the research seeks to investigate the application of thermodynamic models of the COSMO and UNIFAC type to estimate the VLE of real mixtures of fragrances, through literature review and computational analysis. The use of the COSMO-SAC thermodynamic model will help to obtain the activity coefficient and the sigma profiles of a combination among the components studied, through the JCOSMO computational package. The UNIFAC model and Raoult's Law for ideal gas/solution will contribute to the estimation of the VLE curves of binary mixtures, the diffusive behavior of fragrances and the fugacity and activity coefficients of binary, ternary and quaternary mixtures, through the process simulator DWSIM. The results obtained showed agreement with the expected behavior, according to the literature. Regarding the efficiency in the use of thermodynamic models, which facilitate the VLE studies of different fragrances and the interactive behavior of these components when mixed, in order to reduce the number of experiments and optimize the process. The biggest challenge of the research was to find programs that could facilitate the analysis of VLE curves, such as the complete JCOSMO, which is not available for free access.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85171388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assumption Regarding the way Matter is Constituted and Structured from Light","authors":"F. Petrescu","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.140.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.140.159","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu Theory of Mechanisms and Robots, Bucharest Polytechnic University, Romania Email: tiberiuflorianion@gmail.com Abstract: The paper briefly presents some basic ideas on how matter is constituted and structured, based on permanent light as intrinsic energy. The fact that photons cannot be stored directly inside matter has not prevented it from having multiple hearts of energy springing from light, in the form of positive and negative electrical charges, which form the energy base of matter as it is structured and as we already know it (in its most important dimensions) molecules and molecular chains. The atoms of the various elements bind to each other and make up the molecules and then the molecular chains. Inorganic matter is practically structured in atoms, molecules, and molecular chains, while organic matter, which represents life, is structured in basic cells, which in turn are also composed of molecular chains. Here is the difference between living and inorganic matter, the elementary cell which is building the various organs and then will bind in the body. The author's ideas do not contradict those already known in the literature, even if they bring a new light on the way matter is constituted. The author wants to emphasize in this mini paper that the basis of the entire structure of matter is the energy from light. Now we can better understand the matter at its base, wherein the atom we have a nucleus and electrons. Heavy but concentrated nuclei play the basic role of matter while lighter electrons orbiting nuclei play the essential role of linking atoms together to form molecules and molecular chains. The nuclei of atoms are the massive and stable part of basic matter and electrons are its easiest part in constant permanent motion, which has the role of making and breaking the bonds between atoms and molecules. It follows that the base of nuclei, whether protons or neutrons, is made of portions of three coupled quarks, each of which is a heavy scaffold charged with photon energy in the form of one or two negative or positive yolks. Electrons or positrons are light scaffolds each charged with three similar charges. So logically, all matter is charged at its base with energetic hearts, which constantly guard it and interact with each other. Instead of using huge amounts of energy in the manufacture of antimatter as is currently the case when antimatter is obtained by colliding super accelerated particles at huge energies, we will be able to make antiprotons from neutrons with the help of accelerated electrons. A massive energy supplement will result from these processes anyway.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86966594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Concentrated Solar Power Collectors with Organic Rankine Cycle and Magnetized Nanofluids ","authors":"S. S. Howard","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.101.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.101.117","url":null,"abstract":"Email: dr.ssami@transpacenergy.com Abstract: The performance of “magnetized nanofluids in a Parabolic Trough Concentrating Solar Collector (CSP)-integrated Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems are studied. The characteristics of magnetized nanofluids AI2O3, CuO, Fe3O4 and SiO2 as heat transport fluid circulating in integrated Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) with ORC and TES under different solar radiations, angles of incidence and different nanofluid concentrations have been presented. An environmentally refrigerant quaternary was used in the ORC loop to enhance the ORC efficiency composed of R1234ze, R245fa, R125, R236fa was used. The results showed that the power absorbed and collected by the CSP collector and thermal energy stored is enhanced with the increase of solar radiation. It was also observed that the CSP hybrid system efficiency has been enhanced mainly by the increase of solar radiations, higher magnetized nanofluid concentrations and the magnetic fields over the thermal oil as base fluid. Also, the study concluded that the nanofluid CuO outperformed the other nanofluids-Al2O3, Fe3O4 and SiO2-at similar conditions. Finally, it was found that the model’s prediction compared fairly with data reported in the literature; however, some discrepancies existed between the model’s prediction and the experimental data”.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79944616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetostatics of a 2T9R Robot Mechanism","authors":"F. Petrescu, A. Comanescu","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.59.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.59.80","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu ARoTMM-IFToMM, Bucharest Polytechnic University, Bucharest, (CE) Romania Email: tiberiuflorianion@gmail.com Abstract: The paper presents in detail a method of calculating the forces acting on a 2T9R type robot. In order to determine the reactions (forces in the kinematic couples), one must first determine the inertial forces in the mechanism to which one or more useful loads of the robot can be added. The torsor of the inertia forces is calculated with the help of the masses of the machine elements and the accelerations from the centers of mass of the mechanism elements, so the positions, velocities and accelerations acting on it will be determined, i.e., its complete kinematics. The calculation method applied by a Math Cad program intelligently uses data entry through the If Log logic function so that the calculations can be automated. So, the effective automation of the calculation program is done exclusively through the If Log functions originally used in the paper.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76179745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Antenna and Circuit Model for Charging an Electronic Device from the Ambient Electromagnetic Waves","authors":"Pankaj Kar, Md. Ariful Islam, Amit Paul, Joydip Chakraborti, S. Sutradhar","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.9.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.9.22","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh Department of Physics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh Department of Mathematics, Comilla Victoria Government College, Cumilla, Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72738862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI Based Mobile Bill Payment System using Biometric Fingerprint","authors":"Kathirvel Ayyaswamy, D. Sudha, S. Naveneethan, M. Subramaniam, Debashreet Das, S. Kirubakaran","doi":"10.3844/ajeassp.2022.23.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2022.23.31","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Ayyaswamy Kathirvel Department of CSE, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India Email: kathirvel@karunya.edu Abstract: Billions of payment transactions occur in our day-to-day life, but every payment method depends on a material to carry. It is common for users to possess various materials like cash, credit cards and even mobiles to make payment. Meanwhile, it is easy for these materials to be robbed or lost. These instances result in a terrible trauma for the people. This study gives a detailed portrayal of a biometric payment application developed to introduce a concept of material-less payment. It enables the user to make a payment at any location by enrolling their fingertip without possessing any material. It involves a one-time registration of the User details upon all further transactions are validated and processed based on the user's fingerprint where the App takes care of the whole process. This implementation results in a novel payment method and avoids the risk of carrying valuable materials outdoors. This App creates an efficient and safe payment for society.","PeriodicalId":7425,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88736787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}