Nature reviews psychology最新文献_第8页

Active forgetting in post-traumatic stress 创伤后应激反应中的主动遗忘

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00308-x

Linn Petersdotter

引用次数: 0

Continuity fields enhance visual perception through positive serial dependence 连续场通过正序列依赖性增强视觉感知

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00297-x

Mauro Manassi, David Whitney

{"title":"Continuity fields enhance visual perception through positive serial dependence","authors":"Mauro Manassi, David Whitney","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00297-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00297-x","url":null,"abstract":"Positive serial dependencies are phenomena in which actions, perception, decisions, and memory of features or objects are systematically biased towards the recent past. Across several decades, serial dependencies have been variously referred to as priming, sequential dependencies, sequential effects or serial effects. Despite a great deal of research, the functional purpose of positive serial dependencies remains unknown. In this Perspective, we propose that their goal is to promote the stability, accuracy and efficiency of perceptual representations. By continuously inducing serial dependencies, cognition compensates for variability in sensory input and thus stabilizes what would otherwise be a noisy, jittery and discontinuous experience of the world. We theorize that this goal is served by continuity fields: spatiotemporal integration mechanisms that continuously bias perception and cognition towards previously encountered information, thereby smoothing representations to promote the stability, accuracy and efficiency of experience. Experiences of objects and features are biased to appear more like previously seen stimuli than they really are. In this Perspective, Manassi and Whitney describe this phenomenon of positive serial dependence and propose continuity fields as the underlying mechanism.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sampling decisions in developmental psychology 发展心理学中的取样决定

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00306-z

Katherine McAuliffe

引用次数: 0

Optimizing work and off-job motivation through proactive recovery strategies 通过积极主动的恢复策略优化工作和非工作动机

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00298-w

Miika Kujanpää, Anja H. Olafsen

{"title":"Optimizing work and off-job motivation through proactive recovery strategies","authors":"Miika Kujanpää, Anja H. Olafsen","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00298-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00298-w","url":null,"abstract":"Two employee-level experiences — off-job recovery and optimal work motivation — are vital for reducing or avoiding work stress and promoting occupational health and work performance. However, the interplay between employee recovery and motivation has been theoretically underdeveloped in prior research. In this Perspective, we present a dual-pathway model of proactive recovery strategies that integrates key concepts from the fields of recovery from work and self-determination theory. This model delineates how individuals can self-manage their off-job time through proactive recovery strategies to optimize motivation across life domains, with potential positive effects for occupational health and work performance. The dual-pathway model of proactive recovery strategies broadens the existing literature on employee recovery and motivation by considering off-job motivation as a key motivational process that connects recovery experiences to motivation, health and performance in the work domain, and by highlighting the often proactive nature of recovery attainment. Off-job recovery and optimal work motivation are vital for reducing or avoiding work stress and promoting occupational health and work performance. In this Perspective, Kujanpää and Olafsen propose a dual-pathway model of proactive recovery strategies that delineates how individuals can self-manage their off-job time through proactive recovery strategies to optimize motivation across life domains.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uniquely human intelligence arose from expanded information capacity 人类独特的智慧源于信息容量的扩大

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00283-3

Jessica F. Cantlon, Steven T. Piantadosi

{"title":"Uniquely human intelligence arose from expanded information capacity","authors":"Jessica F. Cantlon, Steven T. Piantadosi","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00283-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00283-3","url":null,"abstract":"Most theories of how human cognition is unique propose specific representational capacities or biases, often thought to arise through evolutionary change. In this Perspective, we argue that the evidence that supports these domain-specific theories is confounded by general information-processing differences. We argue that human uniqueness arises through genetic quantitative increases in the global capacity to process information and share it among systems such as memory, attention and learning. This change explains regularities across numerous subdomains of cognition, behavioural comparisons between species and phenomena in child development. This strict evolutionary continuity theory of human intelligence is consistent with comparative evidence about neural evolution and computational constraints of memory on the ability to represent rules, patterns and abstract generalizations. We show how these differences in the degree of information processing capacity yield differences in kind for human cognition relative to other animals. Theories of how human cognition differs from that of non-human animals often posit domain-specific advantages. In this Perspective, Cantlon and Piantadosi posit that differences in domain-general information capacity underlie uniquely human capacities.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-024-00283-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using virtual reality to understand mechanisms of therapeutic change 利用虚拟现实了解治疗变化的机制

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00303-2

Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Tal Krasovsky

引用次数: 0

Exclusion criteria hinder studies of suicide risk 排除标准阻碍自杀风险研究

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00302-3

Ximena Goldberg

引用次数: 0

Visual temporal attention from perception to computation 从感知到计算的视觉时间注意力

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00294-0

Rachel N. Denison

{"title":"Visual temporal attention from perception to computation","authors":"Rachel N. Denison","doi":"10.1038/s44159-024-00294-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-024-00294-0","url":null,"abstract":"Visual attention unfolds across space and time to prioritize a subset of incoming visual information. Distinct in key ways from spatial attention, temporal attention is a growing research area with its own conceptual and mechanistic territory. Here I review key conceptual issues, data and models in the field of visual temporal attention, with an emphasis on voluntary temporal attention. I first situate voluntary temporal attention in the broader domains of temporal attention and attentional dynamics, with the goal of organizing concepts and findings related to dynamic attention. Next, I review findings that voluntary temporal attention affects visual perception in a selective fashion — prioritizing certain time points at the expense of other time points. Selectivity is a hallmark of attention and implies a limitation in computational resources that prevents sustained maximal processing of all time points. I discuss a computational model of temporal attention that captures limited resources across time and review other models of attentional dynamics. Finally, I discuss productive future directions for the study of temporal attention. Visual temporal attention involves the prioritization of certain points in time at the expense of others. In this Review, Denison synthesizes experimental results and computational models of voluntary temporal attention and distinguishes it from related phenomena.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constructive outcomes of repetitive thought 重复思考的建设性成果

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00301-4

Aidan J. Flynn

引用次数: 0

From the lab to a career in technological innovation 从实验室到技术创新领域的职业生涯

Nature reviews psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1038/s44159-024-00299-9

Teresa Schubert

引用次数: 0