NAM perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Buprenorphine Prescribing through Telemedicine and Telephone Evaluation: Time for an Overdue Update in Policy.","authors":"Kimberly Williams, R. Field","doi":"10.31478/202201d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43260712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Health COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs.","authors":"Peter Lee, Amy Abernethy, David Shaywitz, Adi V Gundlapalli, Jim Weinstein, P Murali Doraiswamy, Kevin Schulman, Subha Madhavan","doi":"10.31478/202201c","DOIUrl":"10.31478/202201c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8970223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69820288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Product Manufacturers and Innovators COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs.","authors":"M. Mammen, Vasant Narasimhan, R. Kuntz, F. Lewis-Hall, Mojdeh Poul, A. Schechter","doi":"10.31478/202201b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201b","url":null,"abstract":"United States health care spending consumes nearly a fifth of the GDP [1]. While, in many respects, the U.S. health care system is enviable and highly innovative, it is also characterized by elements of ineffectiveness, inefficiency, and inequity. These aspects, resulting from pre-existing vulnerabilities within the system and interactions between the various stakeholders, were acutely highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As health product manufacturers and innovators (HPMI) took steps to mitigate the immediate crisis and simultaneously begin to develop a longer-term sustainable solution, six common themes arose as areas for transformational change: support for science, data sharing, supply chain resiliency, stockpiling, and surge capacity, regulatory and reimbursement clarity and flexibility, public- and private-sector coordination and communication, and minimizing substandard care offerings. Within these categories, the authors of this paper suggest policy priorities to increase the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of the HPMI sector and writ large across the U.S. health care system. These priorities call for increased scientific funding to diversify the pipeline for research and development, strengthening the nation’s public health infrastructure, building and maintaining “ever warm” manufacturing capacity and related stockpiles, instituting efficient and effective regulatory and reimbursement frameworks that promote innovation and creativity, devising structures and processes that enable more efficient collaboration and more effective communication to the public, and implementing rewards that incentivize desired behaviors among stakeholders. This assessment draws from the collective experience of the authors to provide a perspective for the diagnostics, hospital supplies and equipment, medical devices, therapeutics, and vaccines segments. While the authors of this paper agree on a common set of key policies, sub-sector-specific nuances are important to consider when putting any action priority into effect. With thoughtful implementation, these policies will enable a quicker, more robust response to future pandemics and enhance the overall performance of the U.S. health care system.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46934924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dismantling Systemic Racism and Advancing Health Equity throughout Research.","authors":"Kenya Beard, I. Iruka, Danielle Laraque-Arena, V. Murry, L. Rodríguez, Shaneah Taylor","doi":"10.31478/202201a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201a","url":null,"abstract":"The Biden Administration—with its Executive Order on Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government, which was released on January 20, 2021—created a timely opportunity to dismantle racism throughout and across a variety of government-funded research infrastructures, including health, biomedical, social, and behavioral research, as well as research focused on the social determinants of health (The White House, 2021). In keeping with the intent of the executive order, all structures and institutions that defi ne who, what, where, why, and how research is conceptualized, funded, and conducted must decenter whiteness and ensure that all scholars and communities have access to funding to conduct research that advances health equity. Only then will research in the U.S. achieve its full future potential in discovery, application, and education. To advance progress toward this goal, the authors of this commentary propose three broad areas for urgent action.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42353313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving Latino Equity in Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry Education: Accelerating the Path Forward.","authors":"Martín-José Sepúlveda, Antonia M Villarruel, Hortensia de Los Angeles Amaro","doi":"10.31478/202205a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202205a","url":null,"abstract":"Health professions are increasingly acknowledging legacies of racial/ethnic prejudice, discrimination, and exclusion. These legacies stem from institutional or sectoral policies, regulations, procedures, and behaviors that create and mutually reinforce disadvantage and inequity for racial and ethnic minorities (systemic racism) (Bailey et al., 2017). Institutions and professions in medicine and health care are actively examining the impact of racial/ethnic inequity in these domains (Hahn et al., 2018; IOM, 2003). A key aspect of such inequities is the historical underrepresentation of some minority groups in health care professions. Underrepresented minorities (URM) include those who identify as African American or Black, American Indian, Alaska Native, Latino or Hispanic, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacifi c Islanders (NIH, n.d.). Such underrepresentation negatively aff ects the quality, education, and cultural competence of the future health care workforce (LaVeist and Pierre, 2014; Phillips and Malone, 2014). It also contributes to the shortage of URM health care professionals, who disproportionately practice in communities with health care professional shortages, care for more patients from their own racial or ethnic group, and consistently receive higher satisfaction ratings and outcomes among underserved communities (LaVeist and Pierre, 2014; Weissman et al., 2001; Komaromy et al., 1996). These defi ciencies in the health care workforce pose a signifi cant threat to addressing health disparities and the health system’s ability to care for the Latino population and other URM individuals, especially given their signifi cant projected growth in the U.S. population (Vespa et al., 2020; The Sullivan Commission, 2016). Remediation eff orts to rectify inequities in representation of URM health professionals should address the experiences and degree of disparity for each group. This manuscript aims to provide greater insight into Latino underrepresentation in medicine, nursing, and dentistry and to describe an approach for accelerating change in Latino underrepresentation in these three professions.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499375/pdf/nampsp-2022-202205a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9291729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influenza Imperative: An Urgent Need to Leverage Lessons from COVID-19 to Prepare for a Global Response to Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza.","authors":"W Ripley Ballou, Norman Baylor, Thomas Cueni, Victor Dzau, Keiji Fukuda, Patricia Jannet Garcia, Anuradha Gupta, Etleva Kadillli, Lawrence Kerr, Heidi J Larson, John Simpson, Kanta Subbarao, Prashant Yadav","doi":"10.31478/202209b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202209b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9875850/pdf/nampsp-2022-202209b.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10585943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Promise of Digital Health: Then, Now, and the Future.","authors":"Amy Abernethy, Laura Adams, Meredith Barrett, Christine Bechtel, Patricia Brennan, Atul Butte, Judith Faulkner, Elaine Fontaine, Stephen Friedhoff, John Halamka, Michael Howell, Kevin Johnson, Peter Long, Deven McGraw, Redonda Miller, Peter Lee, Jonathan Perlin, Donald Rucker, Lew Sandy, Lucia Savage, Lisa Stump, Paul Tang, Eric Topol, Reed Tuckson, Kristen Valdes","doi":"10.31478/202206e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202206e","url":null,"abstract":"Amy Abernethy, MD, PhD, Verily; Laura Adams, MS, National Academy of Medicine; Meredith Barrett, PhD, ResMed; Christine Bechtel, MA, X4 Health; Patricia Brennan, RN, PhD, FAAN, National Library of Medicine; Atul Butte, MD, PhD, University of California, San Francisco; Judith Faulkner, MS, Epic Systems; Elaine Fontaine, BS, National Academy of Medicine; Stephen Friedhoff, MD, Anthem, Inc.; John Halamka, MD, Mayo Clinic; Michael Howell, MD, MPH, Google Health; Kevin Johnson, MD, University of Pennsylvania; Peter Long, PhD, Blue Shield of California; Deven McGraw, JD, MPH, Ciitizen Corporation; Redonda Miller, MD, MBA, Johns Hopkins Hospital; Peter Lee, PhD, Microsoft Corporation; Jonathan Perlin, MD, PhD, MSHA, The Joint Commission; Donald Rucker, MD, 1upHealth; Lew Sandy, MD, MBA, UnitedHealth Group; Lucia Savage, JD, Omada Health, Inc.; Lisa Stump, MS, Yale New Haven Health System and Yale School of Medicine; Paul Tang, MD, MS, Stanford University; Eric Topol, MD, The Scripps Research Institute; Reed Tuckson, MD, FACP, Tuckson Health Connections, LLC; and Kristen Valdes, b.well Connected Health","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499383/pdf/nampsp-2022-202206e.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9291732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accountable Communities for Health: What We Are Learning from Recent Evaluations.","authors":"Helen Mittmann, Janet Heinrich, Jeffrey Levi","doi":"10.31478/202210a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202210a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9875851/pdf/nampsp-2022-202210a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eighth Annual DC Public Health Case Challenge: Addressing Infectious Diseases Using a Population Health Approach: Prevention and Control of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections in Young Adults 18-24.","authors":"Amy Geller, Alina Baciu, Rita Aidoo, Sara Alemayehu, Carolina I Andrada, Elaine Chen, Amanda Dao, Tonay Flattum-Riemers, Carizma Forbes, Ainslee Gabriel, Jorge Luis Garcia, Cat Gardiner, Olivia Gonyea, Elizabeth Graydon, Charnae' Henry-Smith, Kelly Hughes, Chloé Jammes, Jordan Hunter Jones, Eun Kyeong Grace Jeong, Jessica Lammers, Yongyi Lu, Elizabeth Mason, Marcus McIntyre, Jaime Mencke, Samantha Mielke, Chantay Moye, Emerald O'Brien, Adaeze Okoroajuzie, Marichamnan Po, Miller Richmond, Jessie Sadel, Remle Scott, Agrata Sharma, Faith Southwick, Patricia Theard, Aria Wanek, Kai Wasson, Sarah Yo","doi":"10.31478/202208a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202208a","url":null,"abstract":"Amy Geller, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Alina Baciu, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Rita Aidoo, George Washington University; Sara Alemayehu, George Mason University; Carolina I. Andrada, Georgetown University; Elaine Chen, Georgetown University; Amanda Dao, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Tonay Flattum-Riemers, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Carizma Forbes, Howard University; Ainslee Gabriel, U.S. Naval Academy; Jorge Luis Garcia, George Mason University; Cat Gardiner, Georgetown University; Olivia Gonyea, American University; Elizabeth Graydon, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Charnae’ Henry-Smith, Howard University; Kelly Hughes, U.S. Naval Academy; Chloé Jammes, Georgetown University; Jordan Hunter Jones, George Mason University; Eun Kyeong (Grace) Jeong, George Washington University; Jessica Lammers, George Mason University; Yongyi Lu, American University; Elizabeth Mason, George Washington University; Marcus McIntyre, Howard University; Jaime Mencke, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Samantha Mielke, George Washington University; Chantay Moye, Howard University; Emerald O’Brien, George Washington University; Adaeze Okoroajuzie, Howard University; Marichamnan Po, George Mason University; Miller Richmond, Georgetown University; Jessie Sadel, American University; Remle Scott, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Agrata Sharma, Georgetown University; Faith Southwick, U.S. Naval Academy; Patricia Theard, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Aria Wanek, American University; Kai Wasson, American University; and Sarah Yo, U.S. Naval Academy","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9875853/pdf/nampsp-2022-202208a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Power and Health Equity: Closing the Gap between Scholarship and Practice.","authors":"Manuel Pastor, Paul Speer, Jyoti Gupta, Hahrie Han, Jennifer Ito","doi":"10.31478/202206c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202206c","url":null,"abstract":"The last few decades have seen an upsurge in research linking health outcomes to the “conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age,” commonly referred to as the social determinants of health (Cash-Gibson et al., 2018). These conditions include “economic stability, education, social and community context, health and health care, and neighborhood and built environment” (Offi ce of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2014). More recently, many in the public health fi eld are recognizing the need to analyze (and transform) the structural determinants of health that are at the root of inequities (Baum et al., 2018). Such structures include government rules and regulations, institutional policies and priorities, cultural norms and values (for example, racism, sexism, xenophobia, homophobia, and ableism), and disparities in the power and infl uence of diff erent communities to change those structures. This consideration of “community power” has acquired special salience in the wake of the widespread and devastating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021. The pandemic brought to broad public attention what communities of color and low-income communities have long known: that underlying inequities by race, income, and geography put their communities at higher risk of contracting the virus and with lower levels of access to vaccines (Ollove and Vestal, 2020). Simultaneously, protests swept the nation and the world in response to the tragic deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and Ahmaud Arbery, continuing to highlight the role of deep-rooted racial diff erences in treatment by the police and other social institutions. Together, these crises have accelerated long-overdue conversations across the country about how racism is a public health issue (Vestal, 2020). This three-part series highlights learnings from Lead Local: Community-Driven Change and the Power of Collective Action, a collaborative eff ort funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation that convened well-respected local organizations and leaders in the fi elds of community organizing, advocacy, and research to examine the relationship between health and power building. Building on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Roundtable on Community Power in Population Health Improvement workshop in January 2021, priority areas for action are shared to make progress toward, and further an understanding of, community power building for health and racial equity.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499379/pdf/nampsp-2022-202206c.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9286746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}