NAM perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Sixth Annual DC Public Health Case Challenge - Reducing Disparities in Cancer and Chronic Disease: Preventing Tobacco Use in African American Adolescents.","authors":"Sophie Yang, Amy Geller, Alina Baciu, Alex Akman, Melissa Aune, Rachel Bailey, Jennifer Breau, Eric Cal, Mc Millan Ching, Emanuel Demissie, Allison Doyle, Dominique Earland, Calie Edmonds, Ngozi Elobuike, Garrett Forrester, Hallie Fox, Ikwo Frank, George Gilliam, Lcdr Shawna Grover, An Harmanli, Christine Hill, Lt Breda Jenkins, Guzal Khayrullina, Caroline King, Lt Vidya Lala, Ens Michelle Mandeville, Noah Martin, Paige Miles, Alexander Murray, Chigoziem Oguh, Elizabeth Pham, Tim Putnam, Maya Rashad, Emily Shaffer, Maj Tonya Spencer, Ben Szulanczyk, Elizabeth Taormina, Erin Teigen, Tisa Thomas, Adrienne Thomas, Kimberly Vilmenay","doi":"10.31478/202202b","DOIUrl":"10.31478/202202b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8970227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45456339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging the Urgency of Economic Disparities Driven by the COVID-19 Pandemic to Strengthen the U.S. Safety Net.","authors":"R. Hamad, Krista J. Ruffini, M. Bitler, Janet Currie","doi":"10.31478/202202a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202202a","url":null,"abstract":"The adverse economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to socioeconomic and health disparities in the United States, with a disproportion-ate impact among low-income persons and communi-ties of color. However, these disparities documented over the past two years are not new, and historically the U.S. safety net has not buffered vulnerable families from financial adversity to the same extent as do the safety nets of most peer nations. Policymakers, community organizations, and other stakeholders should leverage the urgency of this crisis to strengthen the safety net.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47791232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buprenorphine Prescribing through Telemedicine and Telephone Evaluation: Time for an Overdue Update in Policy.","authors":"Kimberly Williams, R. Field","doi":"10.31478/202201d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43260712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Health COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs.","authors":"Peter Lee, Amy Abernethy, David Shaywitz, Adi V Gundlapalli, Jim Weinstein, P Murali Doraiswamy, Kevin Schulman, Subha Madhavan","doi":"10.31478/202201c","DOIUrl":"10.31478/202201c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8970223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69820288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Product Manufacturers and Innovators COVID-19 Impact Assessment: Lessons Learned and Compelling Needs.","authors":"M. Mammen, Vasant Narasimhan, R. Kuntz, F. Lewis-Hall, Mojdeh Poul, A. Schechter","doi":"10.31478/202201b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201b","url":null,"abstract":"United States health care spending consumes nearly a fifth of the GDP [1]. While, in many respects, the U.S. health care system is enviable and highly innovative, it is also characterized by elements of ineffectiveness, inefficiency, and inequity. These aspects, resulting from pre-existing vulnerabilities within the system and interactions between the various stakeholders, were acutely highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As health product manufacturers and innovators (HPMI) took steps to mitigate the immediate crisis and simultaneously begin to develop a longer-term sustainable solution, six common themes arose as areas for transformational change: support for science, data sharing, supply chain resiliency, stockpiling, and surge capacity, regulatory and reimbursement clarity and flexibility, public- and private-sector coordination and communication, and minimizing substandard care offerings. Within these categories, the authors of this paper suggest policy priorities to increase the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of the HPMI sector and writ large across the U.S. health care system. These priorities call for increased scientific funding to diversify the pipeline for research and development, strengthening the nation’s public health infrastructure, building and maintaining “ever warm” manufacturing capacity and related stockpiles, instituting efficient and effective regulatory and reimbursement frameworks that promote innovation and creativity, devising structures and processes that enable more efficient collaboration and more effective communication to the public, and implementing rewards that incentivize desired behaviors among stakeholders. This assessment draws from the collective experience of the authors to provide a perspective for the diagnostics, hospital supplies and equipment, medical devices, therapeutics, and vaccines segments. While the authors of this paper agree on a common set of key policies, sub-sector-specific nuances are important to consider when putting any action priority into effect. With thoughtful implementation, these policies will enable a quicker, more robust response to future pandemics and enhance the overall performance of the U.S. health care system.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46934924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dismantling Systemic Racism and Advancing Health Equity throughout Research.","authors":"Kenya Beard, I. Iruka, Danielle Laraque-Arena, V. Murry, L. Rodríguez, Shaneah Taylor","doi":"10.31478/202201a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202201a","url":null,"abstract":"The Biden Administration—with its Executive Order on Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government, which was released on January 20, 2021—created a timely opportunity to dismantle racism throughout and across a variety of government-funded research infrastructures, including health, biomedical, social, and behavioral research, as well as research focused on the social determinants of health (The White House, 2021). In keeping with the intent of the executive order, all structures and institutions that defi ne who, what, where, why, and how research is conceptualized, funded, and conducted must decenter whiteness and ensure that all scholars and communities have access to funding to conduct research that advances health equity. Only then will research in the U.S. achieve its full future potential in discovery, application, and education. To advance progress toward this goal, the authors of this commentary propose three broad areas for urgent action.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42353313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving Latino Equity in Medicine, Nursing, and Dentistry Education: Accelerating the Path Forward.","authors":"Martín-José Sepúlveda, Antonia M Villarruel, Hortensia de Los Angeles Amaro","doi":"10.31478/202205a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202205a","url":null,"abstract":"Health professions are increasingly acknowledging legacies of racial/ethnic prejudice, discrimination, and exclusion. These legacies stem from institutional or sectoral policies, regulations, procedures, and behaviors that create and mutually reinforce disadvantage and inequity for racial and ethnic minorities (systemic racism) (Bailey et al., 2017). Institutions and professions in medicine and health care are actively examining the impact of racial/ethnic inequity in these domains (Hahn et al., 2018; IOM, 2003). A key aspect of such inequities is the historical underrepresentation of some minority groups in health care professions. Underrepresented minorities (URM) include those who identify as African American or Black, American Indian, Alaska Native, Latino or Hispanic, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacifi c Islanders (NIH, n.d.). Such underrepresentation negatively aff ects the quality, education, and cultural competence of the future health care workforce (LaVeist and Pierre, 2014; Phillips and Malone, 2014). It also contributes to the shortage of URM health care professionals, who disproportionately practice in communities with health care professional shortages, care for more patients from their own racial or ethnic group, and consistently receive higher satisfaction ratings and outcomes among underserved communities (LaVeist and Pierre, 2014; Weissman et al., 2001; Komaromy et al., 1996). These defi ciencies in the health care workforce pose a signifi cant threat to addressing health disparities and the health system’s ability to care for the Latino population and other URM individuals, especially given their signifi cant projected growth in the U.S. population (Vespa et al., 2020; The Sullivan Commission, 2016). Remediation eff orts to rectify inequities in representation of URM health professionals should address the experiences and degree of disparity for each group. This manuscript aims to provide greater insight into Latino underrepresentation in medicine, nursing, and dentistry and to describe an approach for accelerating change in Latino underrepresentation in these three professions.","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499375/pdf/nampsp-2022-202205a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9291729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influenza Imperative: An Urgent Need to Leverage Lessons from COVID-19 to Prepare for a Global Response to Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza.","authors":"W Ripley Ballou, Norman Baylor, Thomas Cueni, Victor Dzau, Keiji Fukuda, Patricia Jannet Garcia, Anuradha Gupta, Etleva Kadillli, Lawrence Kerr, Heidi J Larson, John Simpson, Kanta Subbarao, Prashant Yadav","doi":"10.31478/202209b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202209b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9875850/pdf/nampsp-2022-202209b.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10585943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Promise of Digital Health: Then, Now, and the Future.","authors":"Amy Abernethy, Laura Adams, Meredith Barrett, Christine Bechtel, Patricia Brennan, Atul Butte, Judith Faulkner, Elaine Fontaine, Stephen Friedhoff, John Halamka, Michael Howell, Kevin Johnson, Peter Long, Deven McGraw, Redonda Miller, Peter Lee, Jonathan Perlin, Donald Rucker, Lew Sandy, Lucia Savage, Lisa Stump, Paul Tang, Eric Topol, Reed Tuckson, Kristen Valdes","doi":"10.31478/202206e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202206e","url":null,"abstract":"Amy Abernethy, MD, PhD, Verily; Laura Adams, MS, National Academy of Medicine; Meredith Barrett, PhD, ResMed; Christine Bechtel, MA, X4 Health; Patricia Brennan, RN, PhD, FAAN, National Library of Medicine; Atul Butte, MD, PhD, University of California, San Francisco; Judith Faulkner, MS, Epic Systems; Elaine Fontaine, BS, National Academy of Medicine; Stephen Friedhoff, MD, Anthem, Inc.; John Halamka, MD, Mayo Clinic; Michael Howell, MD, MPH, Google Health; Kevin Johnson, MD, University of Pennsylvania; Peter Long, PhD, Blue Shield of California; Deven McGraw, JD, MPH, Ciitizen Corporation; Redonda Miller, MD, MBA, Johns Hopkins Hospital; Peter Lee, PhD, Microsoft Corporation; Jonathan Perlin, MD, PhD, MSHA, The Joint Commission; Donald Rucker, MD, 1upHealth; Lew Sandy, MD, MBA, UnitedHealth Group; Lucia Savage, JD, Omada Health, Inc.; Lisa Stump, MS, Yale New Haven Health System and Yale School of Medicine; Paul Tang, MD, MS, Stanford University; Eric Topol, MD, The Scripps Research Institute; Reed Tuckson, MD, FACP, Tuckson Health Connections, LLC; and Kristen Valdes, b.well Connected Health","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9499383/pdf/nampsp-2022-202206e.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9291732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accountable Communities for Health: What We Are Learning from Recent Evaluations.","authors":"Helen Mittmann, Janet Heinrich, Jeffrey Levi","doi":"10.31478/202210a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31478/202210a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74236,"journal":{"name":"NAM perspectives","volume":"2022 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9875851/pdf/nampsp-2022-202210a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10590953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}