Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)最新文献

{"title":"[SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS IN RODENTS].","authors":"V V Ivanova,&nbsp;I V Mil'to,&nbsp;I V Sukhodolo,&nbsp;O N Serebryakova,&nbsp;A V Buzenkova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review analyses the data on the structure of\u0000submandibular (SMG), parotid and sublingual\u0000salivary glands in rodents and on biologically active\u0000substances produced by them. The evidence is\u0000presented on the mutual influence of rodent major\u0000salivary glands (MSG) and the testes. Special\u0000attention is paid to gender differences of MSG in\u0000rodents, which are more fully apparent in mature\u0000individuals and are most pronounced in SMG.\u0000Sexual dimorphism is morphologically manifested\u0000in a larger size of secretory portions, the relative\u0000areas of granular and interlobular excretory ducts\u0000of SMG and greater number of granular cells of\u0000striated ducts of the sublingual glands in males.\u0000Biochemically sexual dimorphism is characterized\u0000by different amounts of biologically active\u0000substances secreted by the epithelial cells of\u0000secretory portions and granular cells of the ducts.\u0000Epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor,\u0000kallikrein and other substances are synthesized in\u0000granular cells of the excretory ducts of all MSG in\u0000rodents, however, to the greatest extent — by\u0000SMG. The higher content of physiologically active\u0000substances in MSG saliva in males plays an\u0000important biological role.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36422157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE EXTRACT OF ASTRAGALUS MEMBRANACEUS ON THE BRAIN OF RATS SUBJECTED TO IMMOBILIZATION STRESS].","authors":"S M Gulyaev,&nbsp;L N Shantanova,&nbsp;E T Batotsyrenova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to analyze histological\u0000and morphometric changes in the brain of rats\u0000subjected to immobilization stress and to assess\u0000the neuroprotective effect of the extract of\u0000Astragalus membranaceus (AE). The work was\u0000carried out on Wistar rats that were divided into 3\u0000groups (6 animals in each): group 1 — intact rats;\u0000group 2 — control animals subjected to\u0000immobilization stress for 18 h; group 3 — rats\u0000treated orally with AE (50 mg/kg) for 7 days and\u0000then subjected to immobilization stress. The level\u0000of stress-induced brain damage was assessed by\u0000a morphometric method, by measuring the\u0000proportions of morphologically intact neurons,\u0000hyperchromatic shrunken neurons and neurons\u0000with the signs of degeneration in layers III–V of the\u0000cerebral cortex and CA1 region of the\u0000hippocampus in the standard area of the section.\u0000Immobilization stress in rats led to a clearly\u0000pronounced neuronal damage in the cerebral\u0000cortex and hippocampus. AE was found to limit the\u0000stress-induced neuronal damage in the cerebral\u0000cortex and the hippocampus: the proportion of\u0000hyperchromatic shrunken neurons was reduced 3\u0000and 4.6 times, respectively, compared to control.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36422158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE SYNAPTOGENESIS IN THE DEVELOPING CEREBELLUM OF THE RAT].","authors":"S M Zimatkin,&nbsp;O A Karniushko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study — qualitative and quantitative\u0000evaluation of synaptogenesis in the developing\u0000cerebellum of the rat (postnatal Days 2–45) using\u0000immunohistochemical detection of synaptophysin\u0000(SYP) as the the marker. The expression of SYP\u0000was demonstrated in postmitotic neurons of the\u0000external granular layer and migrating precursors of\u0000granular neurons of the cerebellum. During the\u0000whole period studied, an increase in the width of\u0000the zone of synaptogenesis in the molecular layer\u0000took place together with the decrease of SYPimmunoreactivity.\u0000The reduction in the number of\u0000SYP-immunopositive synapses was noted around\u0000Purkinje cell perikarya from Day 7 till Day 15. In the\u0000internal granular layer, SYP-immunopositive dots\u0000were observed that increased in size from Day 2 to\u0000Day 45 due to the formation of cerebellar glomeruli.\u0000In the cerebellar interposed nucleus, the number\u0000and sizes of axosomatic synapses around\u0000neuronal perikarya were found to increase during\u0000the whole period examined. In the neuropil, the\u0000uneven aggregates of SYP-immunopositive\u0000axodendritic synapses were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36422169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OSSEOINTEGRATION AFTERAPPLICATION OF TITANIUM IMPLANTS WITH BIOACTIVE COATING AND RECOMBINANT BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN].","authors":"N M Gaifullin,&nbsp;A S Karyagina,&nbsp;A V Gromov,&nbsp;A A Terpilovskiy,&nbsp;D A Malanin,&nbsp;M V Demeshchenko,&nbsp;V V Novochadov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiments were carried out on 22 albino male Wistar rats to study the morphological peculiarities of osseointegration of titanium grafts with bioactive surface stimulated additionally with bone plastic material \"Gamalant-paste-FORTE Plus\" containing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). In 9 rats the implants were placed into femoral bones after local treatment of bone canal with rhBMP-2-containing material. Another 9 animals were implanted but received no treatment, 4 rats formed the group of intact control. Zone of osseointegration was studied 4, 8 and 12 weeks after graft placement using histological and morphometric methods as well as immune histochemistry to demonstrate osteonectin, CD68, MMP-9, and TIMP-1. The study showed that preliminary treatment of bone canal with rhBMP-2-containing material preceding implant placement was accompanied by an additional osteoinductive effect. More intense and outrunning bone formation in the area of osseointegration was observed, together with remodeling and compaction of the contiguous cancellous bone, thus providing the necessary balance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 with a high level of each factor expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34729642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE NEURONS IN HUMAN HIPPOCAMPUS].","authors":"S Ye Shemyakov,&nbsp;V N Nikolenko,&nbsp;K D Sarkisyan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related changes in the hippocampus (HC)\u0000result in the disturbances of all types of memory\u0000and the shifts of emotional reactions. The aim of\u0000the present study was to examine the\u0000morphometric parameters of neurons of human HC\u0000during the aging process. The material was\u0000obtained at autopsy of the bodies of 43 individuals\u0000of both sexes aged 21–92 years that were divided\u0000into 4 age groups. The sections were stained with\u0000Nissl’s cresyl violet for identification of neurons.\u0000The neurons were counted within the standard\u0000area and their profile field area was measured in\u0000HC proper, in the area of fields CA1 and CA3, and\u0000in dentate gyrus in the hippocampal pes. It was\u0000found that with aging human HC underwent a\u0000heterochronic loss of nerve cells, the intensity of\u0000which differed at the level of the middle part and\u0000the hippocampal pes. The degree of age-related\u0000loss of nerve cells in human HC increased in the\u0000direction: dentate gyrus → CA3 → CA1. In most\u0000compartments of HC, a compensatory increase of\u0000the neuron profile field area was observed in the\u0000period from 36 to 74 years, giving place to its\u0000reduction in individuals older than 75 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36422161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[FORMATION OF GABA-ERGIC NEURAL NETWORK IN BÖTZINGER COMPLEX IN RATS DURING EARLY POSTNATAL PERIOD IN NORM AND IN PRENATAL DEFICIENCY OF ENDOGENOUS SEROTONIN].","authors":"L I Khozhai,&nbsp;N V Ilyichova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dynamics of the distribution of GABAergic\u0000neurons and neurons expressing different types of\u0000GABA receptors (GABAAα1 and GABAB1) was\u0000studied in Bötzingercomplex (BötC) in the early\u0000postnatal period (the period of functional\u0000maturation of the respiratory system in mammals)\u0000in norm and prenatal reduction of serotonin content\u0000in Wistar rats. The brain was studied on postnatal\u0000Days 5, 9 and 20 in two groups of rat pups: control\u0000(n=9), born by intact females, and experimental\u0000(n=13), born from mothers that received\u0000parachlorophenylalanine, causing the depression\u0000of endogenous serotonin level. Imunocytochemical\u0000methods were used to detect the neurons\u0000producing GABA and expressing GABAAα1 and\u0000GABAB1 receptors. It was shown that the\u0000maturation of the inhibitory GABAergic network in\u0000BötC occurred in the early postnatal period (by Day\u00009). Simultaneously with GABA, the expression of\u0000GABAAα1 and GABAB1 receptors took place,\u0000however their maturation has the distinctive\u0000features. The formation of GABAAα1 receptors\u0000occurred earlier (by Day 9) and coincided in time\u0000with the expression of GABA. The maturation of\u0000GABAB1 receptors happened later — only by the\u0000third week. Prenatal serotonin deficiency caused a\u0000delay in the expression of GABA and GABAAα1\u0000receptors by the neurons of BötC, as well as the\u0000disruption of the formation of a network of\u0000terminals and synapses containing GABA,\u0000GABAAα1 and GABAB1 receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36423000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[REACTION OF PAROTID GLAND MAST CELLS TO CHRONIC ALCOHOL INTOXICATION].","authors":"L M Yakovleva,&nbsp;O A Sorkina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this study was to examine the\u0000localization and the structural and functional\u0000features of mast cells (MC) in the parotid gland in\u0000chronic alcohol intoxication. The study was\u0000conducted on 15 adult outbred albino male rats\u0000receiving 20% ethanol solution as the sole source\u0000of drinking for 2 months. The control group\u0000included 10 intact animals. Structural changes in\u0000parotid salivary glands were studied in paraffin\u0000sections, stained with hematoxylin–eosin. MC were\u0000demonstrated in cryostat sections stained by\u0000Unna’s method; their topography,\u0000degranulationwere evaluated and their number per\u0000field of vision was counted. Serotonin content was\u0000assessed quantitatively by using fluorescent\u0000microscopy and cytospectrophotometry. In chronic\u0000alcohol intoxication, marked variability was\u0000demonstrated in the shape of the secretory\u0000portions and the size of their glandular cells, which\u0000often showed unstained vacuoles. Interlobular\u0000ducts are unevenly dilated, their cells had variable\u0000height. The number of MC in the connective tissue\u0000layer around the interlobular excretory ducts and\u0000blood vessels was increased, most of them were in\u0000a state of degranulation. However, the content of\u0000serotonin in these areas was not changed\u0000significantly compared with that in the control\u0000group, presumably due to the fact that serotonin\u0000released from MC during degranulation, was\u0000actively interacting with numerous fibers and\u0000terminals of the autonomic nervous system located\u0000here, and was quickly trapped by them. Within the\u0000lobules, the amount of MC was increased to a\u0000lesser extent than in the area of interlobular ducts,\u0000but 80% of them were in a state of pronounced\u0000degranulation, often with complete disintegration of\u0000the cytoplasm. These cells apparently served as\u0000the sources of serotonin, the number of which\u0000significantly increased in the area of secretory\u0000portions. It is suggested that the increased\u0000concentrations of serotonin in the area of the\u0000secretory portions indicates that under the\u0000influence of alcohol intoxication the additional\u0000paracrine regulatory mechanisms were activated in\u0000the gland, which contributed to its functional\u0000activity, aimed at accelerating the excretion of\u0000ethanol and its toxic products of metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36418173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[LOCALIZATION AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF OXYGEN-DEPENDENT HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1α IN THE BRAIN OF MITTEN CRAB ERIOCHEIR JAPONICA IN NORM AND IN ACUTE ANOXIA (AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY)].","authors":"V M Chertok,&nbsp;Ye P Kotsyuba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was studied in the brain of the mitten crab Eriocheir japonica in norm and at 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours of anoxia on the model of water deprivation. In intact crabs, the number of immunopositive neurons was small, but it increased with anoxia duration. Particularly pronounced increase in the proportion of neurons with the HIF-1α expression was found in cell group 6. In group 9/11. the highest expression index was observed between 2-6 hours of anoxia. In group 17, significant changes in the proportion of immunopositive cells was observed only after 2 hours of anoxia. After 6 hours of anoxia, proportion of neurons with HIF-1α expression within all cell groups was reduced, but the reactions appeared in the blood cells. It is assumed that the increase in the proportion of immunopositive neurons and the appearance of the expression of HIF-1α in blood cells in the anoxic brain play an important role in providing compensatory and protective processes, enhancing adaptive capacity of mitten crab under the conditions of hypoxic stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34728323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE PREOPERATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND THE QUALITY OF ENGRAFTMENT OF VASCULARIZED ADIPO-FASCIO-CUTANEOUS FLAPS IN RATS].","authors":"N A Shchudlo,&nbsp;M M Shchudlo,&nbsp;L I Sbrodova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work was to determine the interrelation between the preoperative blood counts and the quality of vascularized adipo-fascio-cutaneous flap survival. In 10 adult male Wistar rats, a flap with the area of 18 cm2 was formed on the basis of superficial inferior epigastric artery; after a 90 min ischemic period it was replanted. 12 days after operation the quality of flap survival was assessed with computer-assisted planimetry. It was found that the combination of preoperative leukocyte, thrombocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil counts as well as reactive lymphocyte counts close to the maximal reference values increased the probability of epidermolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34729641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[CURRENT HISTOCHEMICAL METHODS OF TISSUE IRON DEMONSTRATION BASED ON PERLS' REACTION].","authors":"I P Grigoriyev,&nbsp;Ye A Kolos,&nbsp;Ye G Sukhorukova,&nbsp;D E Korzhevskiy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents the information on the modern modifications of Perls' reaction including diaminobenzidine enhancement according to R. Meguro (for various tissues). M.A. Smith (for nervous tissue), S.M. Levine (for detection of iron in oligodendrocytes and myelinated nervous fibers), and our own modification for visualization of the nucleolar iron. The analysis is performed of the advantages and disadvantages of these modifications of histochemical demonstration of iron. It is shown that the use of new methodological approaches significantly increases the sensitivity of Perls' reaction. Control procedures allow to to eliminate the possibility of artifacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":74226,"journal":{"name":"Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34729643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}