Medicine international最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of risk factors for external ventricular drainage‑associated central nervous system infections in patients undergoing neurosurgery.","authors":"Charalampos Gatos,&nbsp;George Fotakopoulos,&nbsp;Maria Chatzi,&nbsp;Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou,&nbsp;Demetrios A Spandidos,&nbsp;Demosthenes Makris,&nbsp;Kostas N Fountas","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningitis/ventriculitis (MV) is an illness which can occur as a complication following neurosurgical procedures. Devices such as an external ventricular drain (EVD) are also related to considerable complications, such as infections. The present study examined the risk factors associated with central nervous system (CNS) infections associated with the external ventricle drainage system. The present retrospective study included all patients hospitalized between April, 2011 and August, 2018 who had been receiving therapy with EVD for developed hydrocephalus. A total of 48 out of 65 patients were classified into two groups as follows: Patients without MV (group A) and patients who developed MV (group B). The durations of hospital stay and intensive care unit (ICU) stay were significantly lower in group A (32.4±24 and 21.1±11 days, respectively) compared to group B (54.7±37 and 42±24 days, respectively) (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). The Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score and EVD distance from the wound exit side to the burr hole were significantly lower in the survivors compared to the non-survivors (17.5±6 and 15.4±4 vs. 22.5±6 and 39.8±38, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the APACHE II score with an area under the curve [(AUC) of 0.677, P=0.044, and 95% confidence interval (CI) of (0.516-0.839)] and a cut-off value of 14 could predict mortality with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71%; the EVD distance from the wound exit side from the burr hole with an AUC of 0.694 (P=0.028), 95% CI of 0.521-0.866 and a cut-off value of 11.5 mm could predict mortality with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 83%. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the EVD-related distance from the wound exit side of the burr hole can predict poor outcomes due to CNS infections in patients undergoing neurosurgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 5","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10514570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41148117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm: A case report.","authors":"Arzu Ayraler","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a medical condition characterized by abnormal enlargement or the ballooning of the aorta, the largest blood vessel in the human body, in the abdomen. AAA usually develops slowly and asymptomatically and becomes a potentially life-threatening condition if left untreated. Although the exact cause of AAA is not always clear, risk factors such as age, sex, smoking, hypertension, and family history may increase the likelihood of developing AAA. It is essential to manage and prevent AAA rupture, which can lead to severe internal bleeding and pose a serious risk to a person's health if not diagnosed in a timely manner and appropriate medical attention. Awareness, early diagnosis and appropriate medical care are critical factors when addressing this condition, providing a glimpse into the complex and critical nature of AAA. The present study describes the case of a patient who applied to the family medicine unit with hypertension and dysuria, and was diagnosed with AAA incidentally.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 5","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10514568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unleashing nature's potential and limitations: Exploring molecular targeted pathways and safe alternatives for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (Review).","authors":"Sara Fathallah,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdellatif,&nbsp;Mona Kamal Saadeldin","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.102","DOIUrl":"10.3892/mi.2023.102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Driven by the limitations and obstacles of the available approaches and medications for multiple sclerosis (MS) that still cannot treat the disease, but only aid in accelerating the recovery from its attacks, the use of naturally occurring molecules as a potentially safe and effective treatment for MS is being explored in model organisms. MS is a devastating disease involving the brain and spinal cord, and its symptoms vary widely. Multiple molecular pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The present review showcases the recent advancements in harnessing nature's resources to combat MS. By deciphering the molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, a wealth of potential therapeutic agents is uncovered that may revolutionize the treatment of MS. Thus, a new hope can be envisioned in the future, aiming at paving the way toward identifying novel safe alternatives to improve the lives of patients with MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 5","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for macular edema and some other rare indications in uveitis.","authors":"Seher Koksaldi, Mustafa Kayabaşi, Zıya Ayhan, Mahmut Kaya, Taylan Öztürk, Aylın Yaman, Ali Osman Saatci","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.99","DOIUrl":"10.3892/mi.2023.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, 110 eyes of 81 patients with uveitis who underwent intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) injection and had a follow-up of at least 6 months between January, 2012 and September, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 298 IDI injections were administered (mean, 2.71±2.37; range, 1-12). The mean age of the patients was 49.44±16.67 years (range, 15-86 years). The mean follow-up time after the first IDI was 34.31±26.53 months (range, 6-115 months). In total, 77 (95.1%) patients had non-infectious uveitis, while 4 patients (4.9%) received IDI for uveitic macular edema in association with infectious uveitis (1 patient with acute retinal necrosis and 3 patients with systemic tuberculosis). IDI was injected under the umbrella of intravitreal ganciclovir injection in the patient with healed acute retinal necrosis for the associated pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. A total of 6 patients (7.4%) received IDI prior to phacoemulsification surgery to control the possible post-operative macular edema. In addition, 3 patients (3.7%) with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease received bilateral IDI as the systemic therapy could not be administered due to side-effects of the systemic treatment. In total, 1 patient (1.2%) with idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinitis was treated with IDI injections in both eyes in addition to systemic therapy to reduce the ongoing inflammation. Of note, two eyes (1.8%) received simultaneous single IDI and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor administration for the treatment of unilateral extrafoveal macular neovascularization (one with active serpiginous choroiditis and one with sympathetic ophthalmia). IDI was administered for the treatment of uveitic macular edema in 68 patients (83.9%). Best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.69±0.64 to 0.60±0.76 logMAR at the final visit (P=0.008). Baseline mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 499.74±229.60 µm (range, 187-1,187 µm) and the mean final CMT was 296.60±152.02 µm (range, 126-848 µm). Intraocular pressure elevation requiring topical antiglaucomatous eye drops occurred in 28 eyes (25.5%). During the follow-up period, bilateral glaucoma surgery was required in 1 patient (1.2%) and 25 of 65 phakic eyes (38.4%) underwent phacoemulsification. Retinal detachment occurred in one eye (0.9%), endophthalmitis in one eye (0.9%), and transient intravitreal hemorrhage occurred in three eyes (2.7%) after the IDI injections. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that although IDI is mostly employed in non-infectious uveitic eyes with macular edema, it can also be administered in cases with systemic therapy intolerance, pseudophakic macular edema prophylaxis, and with great caution, in selected cases involving infectious uveitis and macular edema.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short‑term effects of pregabalin plus exercise therapy on pain, emotional status, physical function and nociceptive responses in patients with fibromyalgia.","authors":"Onur Velioglu,&nbsp;Mustafa Turgut Yildizgoren,&nbsp;Halil Ogut,&nbsp;Hayal Guler,&nbsp;Ayse Dicle Turhanoglu","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of pregabalin plus exercise vs. pregabalin treatment alone on the electromyographic nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) threshold in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). For this purpose, the present study included a total of 40 patients diagnosed with FM according to the American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria. The patients were divided into two groups as follows: Group 1 received pregabalin treatment only and group 2 received exercise therapy in addition to pregabalin treatment. Assessments were made at baseline and at the 1st month using a visual analog scale (VAS) to measure pain, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) to measure the severity of FM, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) to measure depression and the NFR to measure the compressive forces on peripheral nerves. In both groups, the NFR threshold following treatment was significantly higher than that at the baseline results (P#x003C;0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups as regards the difference from pre- to post-treatment NFR threshold values (P=0.610 and P=0.555, respectively). There was a strong, negative correlation between the pre-treatment NFR threshold and VAS resting, VAS motion and FIQ scores (Rho=-0.62, Rho=-0.69 and Rho=-0.60, respectively). There was a moderate negative correlation between the pre-treatment NFR threshold and BDI scores (Rho=-0.35). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that in the treatment of FM, pregabalin improves the clinical scores and leads to an increase in the NFR threshold. Herewith, it should be noted that short-term exercise therapy does not appear to provide additional benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10186517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients with Parkinson's disease hospitalized due to COVID‑19‑associated pneumonia.","authors":"Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou,&nbsp;Aikaterini Gkoufa,&nbsp;Anastasia Bougea,&nbsp;Dimitrios Basoulis,&nbsp;Aristeidis Tsakanikas,&nbsp;Sotiria Makrodimitri,&nbsp;Georgios Karamanakos,&nbsp;Demetrios A Spandidos,&nbsp;Efthalia Angelopoulou,&nbsp;Nikolaos V Sipsas","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pneumonia present, according to the literature, high mortality rates due to the nature of the disease, advanced age, and underlying diseases. Most available studies, however, refer to the first waves of the pandemic. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of elderly patients (≥65 years old) with PD hospitalized with COVID-19-associated pneumonia during the period of prevalence of various severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, as well as to determine possible prognostic factors for poor outcomes. During the period from February 15, 2021, to July 15, 2022, 1,144 elderly patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were hospitalized. Age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, vaccination status against SARS-CoV-2, and admission laboratory parameters were recorded for all patients. A total of 36 (3.1%) patients with PD were hospitalized due to COVID-19-associated pneumonia (18 males, 50%). The mean age of the patients was 82.72±8.18 years. In total, 8 patients (22.2%) were hospitalized during the period of alpha variant predominance, 3 patients (8.3%) during the period of delta variant predominance, and 25 patients (69.4%) during the omicron variant predominance period. Of note, 16 patients (44.4%) were vaccinated with at least two doses. In addition, 17 (47.2%) patients succumbed to the disease. Between the patients who survived and those who succumbed, a statistically significant difference was only found in the mean value of albumin (37.48±6.02 vs. 31.97±5.34 g/l, P=0.019). In particular, as shown by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, albumin exhibited a satisfactory predictive ability for mortality (area under the curve, 0.780; P=0.013) with an albumin value ≤37.7 g/l being able to predict mortality with 85.7% sensitivity and 54.8% specificity. Overall, the findings of the present study indicate that mortality among elderly patients with PD hospitalized with COVID-19-associated pneumonia was high in all phases of the pandemic. A low albumin value, not only as an indicator of the immune status, but also of the nutritional status, is a predictor of adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10336924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the COVID‑19 pandemic health protocols on the hygiene status of swimming pools of hotel units.","authors":"Antonios A Papadakis,&nbsp;Ioannis Tsirigotakis,&nbsp;Sofia Katranitsa,&nbsp;Christos Donousis,&nbsp;Petros Papalexis,&nbsp;Dimitrios Keramydas,&nbsp;Elias Chaidoutis,&nbsp;Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou,&nbsp;Demetrios A Spandidos,&nbsp;Theodoros C Constantinidis","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous countries imposed strict lockdown measures and travel bans, resulting in the closure of hotels. Over time, the opening of hotel units was gradually allowed, and new strict regulations and protocols were issued to ensure the hygiene and safety of swimming pools in the era of COVID-19. The present study aimed to evaluate the implementation of strict health COVID-19-related protocols in hotel units during the 2020 summer tourist season concerning microbiological hygiene and physicochemical parameters of water, and to compare the data with those from the 2019 tourist season. For this reason, 591 water samples from 62 swimming pools were analyzed, of which 381 samples were for the 2019 tourist season and 210 samples were for the 2020 tourist season. To examine the presence of <i>Legionella spp</i>, 132 additional samples were taken from 14 pools, of which 49 in 2019 and 83 in 2020. In 2019, 2.89% (11/381) of the samples were out of legislative limits (0/250 mg/l) regarding the presence of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), 9.45% (36/381) were out of acceptable limits (0/250 mg/l) regarding the presence of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) and 8.92% (34/381) had residual chlorine levels <0.4 mg/l. In 2020, 1.43% (3/210) of the samples were out of the legislative limits as regards the presence of <i>E. coli</i>, 7.14% (15/210) were out of acceptable limits regarding the presence of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 3.33% (7/210) of the samples measured residual chlorine levels <0.4 mg/l. The risk ratio (RR) in relation to the presence of <i>E. coli</i> due to incorrect compliance with the requirements for residual chlorine was calculated for 2019 at 8.50, while in 2020 it was calculated at 14.50 (P=0.008). The RR of the presence of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> due to inappropriate residual chlorine requirements was calculated in 2019 at 2.04 (P=0.0814), while in 2020 it was calculated at 2.07 (P=0.44). According to the microbiological hygiene and physicochemical parameters of the water samples studied, there was a significant improvement due to the strict protocols for the swimming pools in the summer season of 2020 compared to the tourist season of 2019, namely 72.72% (<i>E. coli</i>), 58.33% (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>), 79.41% (of residual chlorine <0.4 mg/l) in the three main parameters studied. Finally, an increased colonization by <i>Legionella spp.</i> detected in the internal networks of the hotels due to the non-operation of the hotels during the lockdown, the improper disinfection and stagnant water in the internal water supply networks. Specifically, in 2019, 95.92% (47/49) of the samples tested negative and 4.08% (2/49) tested positive (≥50 CFU/l) for <i>Legionella spp.</i>, compared to 2020 where 91.57% (76/83) of the samples tested negative and 8.43% (7/83) tested positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of retrospective pain measurement in patients with chronic pain.","authors":"Ingo Haase","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of pain scales that refer to a past time period is thereby based on the assumption that patients accurately remember their 'average', 'greatest' and 'least' pain. The present study addresses the validity of numerical pain rating scales that refer to a past period of time (herein, the past 7 days). Routine data from 94 patients with chronic pain were retrospectively analysed. Pain questionnaire data on the greatest, least and average pain during the past week and on current pain were compared with the mean value of entries in a pain diary from the corresponding period. The retrospectively assessed average, greatest and least pain values were consistently slightly higher than the corresponding values of daily current pain measured for the studied collective of chronic pain patients. Current pain (at the time of answering the questionnaire) better represents daily currently measured pain [intraclass correlation (ICC)=0.885] than retrospective individual measurements. The greatest correlation with averaged diary data was shown by the combination of questionnaire data on average, least and current pain (ICC=0.911). The high correlations between the questionnaire and diary data support the validity of retrospective pain surveys. However, the current status influences recall. Thus, composite retrospective pain data improve with the addition of current pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10336923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of timing of radium‑223 administration on the survival of patients with bone metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer.","authors":"Kenji Makita,&nbsp;Yasushi Hamamoto,&nbsp;Hiromitsu Kanzaki,&nbsp;Natsumi Yamashita,&nbsp;Kei Nagasaki,&nbsp;Teruhito Kido,&nbsp;Noriyoshi Miura,&nbsp;Takashi Saika,&nbsp;Katsuyoshi Hashine","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate the optimal timing of radium-223 chloride (Ra-223) administration among patients with bone metastasis from castration-resistant prostate cancer (BmCRPC). Patients, who were diagnosed with BmCRPC and treated with Ra-223 therapy between October, 2016 and January, 2022, were reviewed. The survival time was calculated from the initiation of Ra-223 administration. The time from the diagnosis of BmCRPC to the initiation of Ra-223 administration was identified as a potential prognostic factor. A total of 51 patients were examined in the present study. Ra-223 was administered as the first- and second-line therapy (earlier Ra-223 administration) in 32 patients and as the third- to fifth-line therapy (later Ra-223 administration) in 19 patients. In the multivariate analysis, which considered the potential prognosis, the difference in survival times between patients who received early and late Ra-223 administration was not significant [hazard ratio (HR), 2.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.79-9.07; P=0.11]. By contrast, an incomplete Ra-223 administration (HR, 128.03; 95% CI, 10.59-1548.42; P<0.01) and higher levels of prostate-specific antigen prior to Ra-223 administration (HR, 7.86; 95% CI, 2.7-27.24; P<0.01) were independent factors, significantly associated with a poorer prognosis. The timing of Ra-223 administration did not significantly affect the survival of patients from the initiation of treatment. Further studies are thus required to determine the optimal timing for Ra-223 administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10391592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9933774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary function testing in patients with liver cirrhosis (Review).","authors":"Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou,&nbsp;Stavroula Asimakopoulou,&nbsp;Evangelos Cholongitas","doi":"10.3892/mi.2023.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2023.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cirrhosis is a common long-term outcome of chronic hepatic inflammation. Patients with liver cirrhosis may also have pulmonary complications. There are several reasons for pulmonary dysfunction in liver cirrhosis, including intrinsic cardiopulmonary dysfunction unrelated to liver disease and specific disorders related to the presence of liver cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension. The most prevalent and clinically significant pulmonary complications are hepatic hydrothorax, hepatopulmonary syndrome, spontaneous pulmonary empyema and portopulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) have traditionally been used to assess the lung function of patients with liver cirrhosis. To the best of our knowledge, the present review is the first to detail all types of PFTs performed in patients with liver cirrhosis and discuss their clinical significance. Patients with liver cirrhosis have reduced values of spirometric parameters, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), lung volumes, maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure. Furthermore, they have a higher closing volume, a greater airway occlusion pressure 0.1 sec after the onset of inspiratory flow and greater exhaled nitric oxide values. In order to improve pulmonary function, patients with ascites may require therapeutic paracentesis. Such findings should be considered when evaluating individuals with liver disease, particularly those who may require surgery. Poor lung function, particularly restrictive lung disease, can have an impact on post-transplant outcomes, such as ventilator time, length of hospital duration and post-operative pulmonary complications; thus, the transplant care team needs to be aware of its prevalence and relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":74161,"journal":{"name":"Medicine international","volume":"3 4","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10391595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9933779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}