Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

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The Current State of Extracellular Matrix Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease. 治疗缺血性心脏病的细胞外基质疗法现状。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12010008
Khaled Hamsho, Mark Broadwin, Christopher R Stone, Frank W Sellke, M Ruhul Abid
{"title":"The Current State of Extracellular Matrix Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease.","authors":"Khaled Hamsho, Mark Broadwin, Christopher R Stone, Frank W Sellke, M Ruhul Abid","doi":"10.3390/medsci12010008","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci12010008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional, acellular network of diverse structural and nonstructural proteins embedded within a gel-like ground substance composed of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. The ECM serves numerous roles that vary according to the tissue in which it is situated. In the myocardium, the ECM acts as a collagen-based scaffold that mediates the transmission of contractile signals, provides means for paracrine signaling, and maintains nutritional and immunologic homeostasis. Given this spectrum, it is unsurprising that both the composition and role of the ECM has been found to be modulated in the context of cardiac pathology. Myocardial infarction (MI) provides a familiar example of this; the ECM changes in a way that is characteristic of the progressive phases of post-infarction healing. In recent years, this involvement in infarct pathophysiology has prompted a search for therapeutic targets: if ECM components facilitate healing, then their manipulation may accelerate recovery, or even reverse pre-existing damage. This possibility has been the subject of numerous efforts involving the integration of ECM-based therapies, either derived directly from biologic sources or bioengineered sources, into models of myocardial disease. In this paper, we provide a thorough review of the published literature on the use of the ECM as a novel therapy for ischemic heart disease, with a focus on biologically derived models, of both the whole ECM and the components thereof.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10885030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leukodystrophy Imaging: Insights for Diagnostic Dilemmas. 白营养不良成像:诊断困境的启示。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12010007
Rajvi N Thakkar, Drashti Patel, Ivelina P Kioutchoukova, Raja Al-Bahou, Pranith Reddy, Devon T Foster, Brandon Lucke-Wold
{"title":"Leukodystrophy Imaging: Insights for Diagnostic Dilemmas.","authors":"Rajvi N Thakkar, Drashti Patel, Ivelina P Kioutchoukova, Raja Al-Bahou, Pranith Reddy, Devon T Foster, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.3390/medsci12010007","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci12010007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leukodystrophies, a group of rare demyelinating disorders, mainly affect the CNS. Clinical presentation of different types of leukodystrophies can be nonspecific, and thus, imaging techniques like MRI can be used for a more definitive diagnosis. These diseases are characterized as cerebral lesions with characteristic demyelinating patterns which can be used as differentiating tools. In this review, we talk about these MRI study findings for each leukodystrophy, associated genetics, blood work that can help in differentiation, emerging diagnostics, and a follow-up imaging strategy. The leukodystrophies discussed in this paper include X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, metachromatic leukodystrophy, Krabbe's disease, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, Alexander's disease, Canavan disease, and Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10885080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Use of Synthetic Graft for MPFL Reconstruction Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Outcomes. 使用合成移植物进行 MPFL 重建手术:临床结果的系统回顾。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040075
Panayiotis Tanos, Chryssa Neo, Edwin Tong, Andrea Volpin
{"title":"The Use of Synthetic Graft for MPFL Reconstruction Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Panayiotis Tanos, Chryssa Neo, Edwin Tong, Andrea Volpin","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040075","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: Acute patella dislocation (APD) is a prevalent knee injury, with rates between 5.8-77.8 per 100,000. APD often results in repeat lateral patella dislocations due to the instability of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). Non-operative treatments have a 50% recurrence rate. While autologous grafting for MPFL has been favored, surgeons are now exploring synthetic grafts. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of synthetic grafts in MPFL reconstruction surgeries for repeated patellar dislocations; (2) Methods: Our research was based on a thorough search from the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence Healthcare Databases, using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score for quality assessment; (3) Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 284 patients and 230 knees were included. Seventy-five percent of patients were graded to have excellent-good clinical outcomes using the Crosby and Insall Grading System. International Knee Documentation Committee score and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score scores showed 59% and 60% post-operative improvement, respectively; (4) Conclusions: All studies showed improvement in post-operative functional outcomes and report no serious adverse events. The 6 mm, LARS (Orthomedic Ltd., Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC, Canada) proved to have the most improvement in post-operative outcomes when used as a double bundle graft.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10744733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Open-Label Case Series of Glutathione Use for Symptomatic Management in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 谷胱甘肽用于自闭症谱系障碍儿童症状管理的开放标签病例系列。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040073
Karam Radwan, Gary Wu, Kamilah Banks-Word, Ryan Rosenberger
{"title":"An Open-Label Case Series of Glutathione Use for Symptomatic Management in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Karam Radwan, Gary Wu, Kamilah Banks-Word, Ryan Rosenberger","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040073","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that has been diagnosed in an increasing number of children around the world. The existing data suggest that early diagnosis and intervention can improve ASD outcomes. The causes of ASD remain complex and unclear, and there are currently no clinical biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. There is an increasing recognition that ASD might be associated with oxidative stress through several mechanisms including abnormal metabolism (lipid peroxidation) and the toxic buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione acts as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger and a detoxifying agent. This open-label pilot study investigates the tolerability and effectiveness of oral supplementation with Opitac<sup>TM</sup> gluthathione as a treatment for patients with ASD. The various aspects of glutathione Opitac<sup>TM</sup> glutathione bioavailability were examined when administered by oral routes. The absorption of glutathione from the gastrointestinal tract has been recently investigated. The results of this case series suggest that oral glutathione supplementation may improve oxidative markers, but this does not necessarily translate to the observed clinical improvement of subjects with ASD. The study reports a good safety profile of glutathione use, with stomach upset reported in four out of six subjects. This article discusses the role of the gut microbiome and redox balance in ASD and notes that a high baseline oxidative burden may make some patients poor responders to glutathione supplementation. In conclusion, an imbalance in redox reactions is only one of the many factors contributing to ASD, and further studies are necessary to investigate other factors, such as impaired neurotransmission, immune dysregulation in the brain, and mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10660524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of Mediterranean Diet Adherence with Disease Progression Characteristics, Lifestyle Factors and Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients. 地中海饮食依从性与胃癌患者疾病进展特征、生活方式因素和总生存率的关系
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040074
Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Maria Mentzelou, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Olga Alexatou, Theodora Tsiouda, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Vasileios Bikos, Nikolaos Kavantzas, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Antonios Dakanalis, Theofanis Vorvolakos, Constantinos Giaginis
{"title":"Association of Mediterranean Diet Adherence with Disease Progression Characteristics, Lifestyle Factors and Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients.","authors":"Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Maria Mentzelou, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Olga Alexatou, Theodora Tsiouda, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Vasileios Bikos, Nikolaos Kavantzas, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Antonios Dakanalis, Theofanis Vorvolakos, Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040074","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Mediterranean diet (MD) exerts a protective effect against cancer development and progression; however, the evaluation of its impact on gastric cancer still remains quite scarce. The present study aims to evaluate the association of MD adherence during the lifespan with disease progression characteristics, lifestyle factors and overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted on 186 gastric cancer patients followed up for a median time interval of 57 months or until death due to cancer disease. Tumor histopathological characteristics were retrieved from patients' medical records, while validated questionnaires assessing, immediately after the time of diagnosis, health-related quality of life, physical activity levels, sleep quality, depression, anxiety and MD adherence during the lifespan were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher MD adherence during the lifespan was significantly associated with younger patients (<i>p</i> = 0.0106), regular smoking (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), abnormal BMI status (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (<i>p</i> = 0.0111), high tumor histopathological grade (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and earlier disease stage (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Moreover, patients with elevated MD adherence during their lifespan showed significantly better health-related quality of life (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), higher physical activity levels (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), more adequate sleep quality (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and lower prevalence of depression (<i>p</i> = 0.0003) and anxiety (<i>p</i> = 0.0006) compared to those with reduced MD adherence. In multiple regression analysis, elevated MD compliance during the lifespan was independently correlated with longer overall patient survival after adjustment for several confounders (Cox regression analysis, <i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher MD adherence during the lifespan was associated with less advanced tumor histopathology characteristics and favorable mental and physical lifestyle factors. Moreover, higher MD adherence during the lifespan was also independently correlated with longer overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients. Thus, adopting a healthy dietary pattern like the MD during the lifespan may act as a preventive agent in combination with a healthy lifestyle against gastric cancer development and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10660706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bone Marrow Aplasia after CAR-T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Burkitt's Lymphoma. CAR-T-细胞治疗复发性/难治性伯基特淋巴瘤后骨髓再生障碍。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040067
Troy J Kenkel, Nithya Sridhar, Lindsay R Hammons, Maria Hintzke, Nirav N Shah
{"title":"Bone Marrow Aplasia after CAR-T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Burkitt's Lymphoma.","authors":"Troy J Kenkel,&nbsp;Nithya Sridhar,&nbsp;Lindsay R Hammons,&nbsp;Maria Hintzke,&nbsp;Nirav N Shah","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040067","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) are now a standard approach for treating relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. Immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome (IEC-HS) is a newly described entity that can manifest following CAR-T. Bone marrow (BM) aplasia is an uncommon manifestation of IEC-HS reported after CAR-T-cell therapy and is defined as the reduction or absence of hematopoietic progenitor cells resulting in severe pancytopenia. We describe the case of a 44-year-old female with relapsed/refractory Burkitt lymphoma (BL) who received treatment with lisocabtagene maraleucel with her post-CAR-T course complicated by cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and IEC-HS ultimately leading to persistent BM aplasia. She underwent a rescue allogeneic stem cell transplant but ultimately succumbed to progressive disease. IEC-HS is an increasingly recognized complication that occurs after CAR-T treatments that can result in aplasia, a dangerous complication with serious sequelae including infection, transfusion dependence, and high risk for hemorrhage. The underlying mechanism is poorly understood, and further studies are needed to understand how to treat it better.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of Maternal Risk Factors with the Prevalence of Caesarean Section Deliveries: A Cross-Sectional Study. 产妇危险因素与剖腹产患病率的相关性:一项横断面研究。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040066
Eleni Pavlidou, Georgios Antasouras, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Olga Alexatou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Maria Mentzelou, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Aikaterini Louka, Nikolaos E Rodopaios, Maria Chrysafi, Anastasia Sampani, Constantinos Giaginis
{"title":"Association of Maternal Risk Factors with the Prevalence of Caesarean Section Deliveries: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Eleni Pavlidou,&nbsp;Georgios Antasouras,&nbsp;Sousana K Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Olga Alexatou,&nbsp;Dimitrios Papandreou,&nbsp;Maria Mentzelou,&nbsp;Gerasimos Tsourouflis,&nbsp;Aikaterini Louka,&nbsp;Nikolaos E Rodopaios,&nbsp;Maria Chrysafi,&nbsp;Anastasia Sampani,&nbsp;Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040066","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last few years, there has been a gradually increasing rate of caesarean section deliveries worldwide that negatively affects both mothers' and children's health. The present survey intended to explore the relations of common maternal risk factors with the prevalence of caesarean sections. This is a cross-sectional study including 5182 healthy mothers from geographically diverse regions of Greece, which has applied relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria. An elevated 56.4% incidence of caesarean sections was noted. The prevalence of caesarean section deliveries was estimated to be 51.5% in private hospitals and 48.5% in public hospitals. Maternal age, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, excess gestational weight gain, preterm birth, financial status, smoking habits, and private type of birth hospital were considerably associated with a high probability of caesarean section, regardless of several confounders. In conclusion, caesarean section rates are constantly increasing, and various maternal risk factors additively elevate its incidence, which additionally enhances the likelihood of postpartum complications for both the mothers and their infants. Public health procedures and approaches are strongly recommended to notify future mothers of the potential risk factors that may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes of caesarean section delivery, highlighting its use only for emergency medical reasons and also promoting healthier nutritional and lifestyle habits that may reduce the increasing prevalence of caesarean section deliveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Association of Toxoplasma gondii with the Combination of Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, or Chronic Liver Disease: A Preliminary Study. 弓形虫与心血管疾病、慢性肾脏疾病或慢性肝病的相关性:初步研究。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040065
Amani Babekir, Sayed Mostafa, Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi
{"title":"The Association of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> with the Combination of Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, or Chronic Liver Disease: A Preliminary Study.","authors":"Amani Babekir, Sayed Mostafa, Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040065","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a protozoan parasite widespread worldwide, with over 40 million individuals in the United States. It may infect vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and liver, resulting in chronic infections. The main objective of this study is to investigate the association of <i>Toxoplasma</i> infection with the combination of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or chronic liver disease (CLD). The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009-2010) data were used, and the association of infection with chronic disease was assessed with biomarkers and indexes using statistical modeling. The percentage of participants with a combination of CLD and CKD was higher among <i>Toxoplasma</i> positive participants compared to the negative participants (2.76 vs. 1.26). Furthermore, exposure to <i>T. gondii</i> may increase the odds of cardiovascular disease, CKD, or CLD, or vice versa.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
May Nutritional Status Positively Affect Disease Progression and Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal and Pharyngeal Cancers? A Scoping Review of the Current Clinical Studies. 营养状况对食管癌和咽癌患者的疾病进展和预后有积极影响吗?当前临床研究的范围界定综述。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040064
Georgios Antasouras, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Aimilia-Lynn Pandi, Maria Spanoudaki, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Maria Mentzelou, Constantinos Giaginis
{"title":"May Nutritional Status Positively Affect Disease Progression and Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal and Pharyngeal Cancers? A Scoping Review of the Current Clinical Studies.","authors":"Georgios Antasouras, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Aimilia-Lynn Pandi, Maria Spanoudaki, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Maria Mentzelou, Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition in esophageal and pharyngeal cancer patients constitutes a common and serious concern, which significantly reduces patients' prognoses. Cancers of the esophagus and the pharynx can considerably impair feeding in patients, resulting in severe undernutrition. This is a scoping review that intends to critically analyze the most well-designed clinical studies investigating the potential beneficial impact of diverse nutritional assessment tools on the prognosis of patients with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The most accurate and remarkable scientific databases were comprehensively explored utilizing relative keywords to detect clinical studies that investigate whether nutritional status may affect disease prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several assessment tools have evaluated and highlighted the potential beneficial impact of nutritional status on disease progression and patients' prognosis in both esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Regarding esophageal cancer, CONUT, PNI, PG-SGA, and NRS-2002 are more commonly used, while albumin is also frequently evaluated. Regarding pharyngeal cancers, fewer studies are currently available. PNI has been evaluated, and its significance as a factor for shorter survival' times has been highlighted. The Comprehensive Nutritional Index has also been evaluated with positive results, as well as NRS 2002, GPS, and body-weight status. However, there is currently a lack of studies with an adequate number of women with cancer. An international literature gap was identified concerning follow-up studies with adequate methodology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutritional status may significantly affect disease progression and patients' survival, highlighting the significance of a great nutritional status in individuals with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Further large-scale and well-designed prospective surveys should be performed to verify the potential beneficial effects of adequate nourishment in people suffering from cancer of the esophagus and pharynx.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Impact of Silicosis Incidence on Tuberculosis Mortality and Morbidity: A Multi-Country Study. 探讨矽肺发病率对结核病死亡率和发病率的影响:一项多国研究。
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040063
Muayad Albadrani
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Silicosis Incidence on Tuberculosis Mortality and Morbidity: A Multi-Country Study.","authors":"Muayad Albadrani","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040063","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are several risk factors attributed to tuberculosis (TB) mortality and morbidity. There are few studies and systematic reviews showing the association of silicosis and tuberculosis at a country level. Very limited studies have been conducted using multi-country data in studying the association of incidence of silicosis with TB mortality and morbidity. Hence, the aim of this research was to explore the association of incidence of silicosis and other important risk factors with TB mortality and morbidity using multi-country data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 217 WHO region countries were utilized, sourcing TB-related statistics from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation and additional risk factors from the Demographic and Health Survey, Global Burden of Disease, and World Bank for 2019. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between silicosis incidence and TB outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found an average silicosis incidence of 121.92 per 100,000 population. Additionally, 62.69% of the sample population are exposed to air pollution from solid fuel cooking. Sanitation access stands at an average of 59.67%. Regression outcomes indicate that while alcohol consumption's influence on TB is not statistically significant, a unit increase in silicosis incidence significantly elevates TB deaths (235.9, <i>p</i> = 0.005), YLL (9399.3, <i>p</i> = 0.011), and YLD (910.8, <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of silicosis is found to be one of the important determinants of deaths, YLL, and YLD due to tuberculosis. Country-specific strategies to prevent and control silicosis is a need of the hour.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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