Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Association of Mediterranean Diet Adherence with Disease Progression Characteristics, Lifestyle Factors and Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients.","authors":"Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Maria Mentzelou, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Olga Alexatou, Theodora Tsiouda, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Vasileios Bikos, Nikolaos Kavantzas, Ioly Kotta-Loizou, Antonios Dakanalis, Theofanis Vorvolakos, Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040074","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Mediterranean diet (MD) exerts a protective effect against cancer development and progression; however, the evaluation of its impact on gastric cancer still remains quite scarce. The present study aims to evaluate the association of MD adherence during the lifespan with disease progression characteristics, lifestyle factors and overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted on 186 gastric cancer patients followed up for a median time interval of 57 months or until death due to cancer disease. Tumor histopathological characteristics were retrieved from patients' medical records, while validated questionnaires assessing, immediately after the time of diagnosis, health-related quality of life, physical activity levels, sleep quality, depression, anxiety and MD adherence during the lifespan were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher MD adherence during the lifespan was significantly associated with younger patients (<i>p</i> = 0.0106), regular smoking (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), abnormal BMI status (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (<i>p</i> = 0.0111), high tumor histopathological grade (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and earlier disease stage (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Moreover, patients with elevated MD adherence during their lifespan showed significantly better health-related quality of life (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), higher physical activity levels (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), more adequate sleep quality (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and lower prevalence of depression (<i>p</i> = 0.0003) and anxiety (<i>p</i> = 0.0006) compared to those with reduced MD adherence. In multiple regression analysis, elevated MD compliance during the lifespan was independently correlated with longer overall patient survival after adjustment for several confounders (Cox regression analysis, <i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher MD adherence during the lifespan was associated with less advanced tumor histopathology characteristics and favorable mental and physical lifestyle factors. Moreover, higher MD adherence during the lifespan was also independently correlated with longer overall survival in gastric carcinoma patients. Thus, adopting a healthy dietary pattern like the MD during the lifespan may act as a preventive agent in combination with a healthy lifestyle against gastric cancer development and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10660706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Marrow Aplasia after CAR-T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory Burkitt's Lymphoma.","authors":"Troy J Kenkel,&nbsp;Nithya Sridhar,&nbsp;Lindsay R Hammons,&nbsp;Maria Hintzke,&nbsp;Nirav N Shah","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040067","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) are now a standard approach for treating relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. Immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome (IEC-HS) is a newly described entity that can manifest following CAR-T. Bone marrow (BM) aplasia is an uncommon manifestation of IEC-HS reported after CAR-T-cell therapy and is defined as the reduction or absence of hematopoietic progenitor cells resulting in severe pancytopenia. We describe the case of a 44-year-old female with relapsed/refractory Burkitt lymphoma (BL) who received treatment with lisocabtagene maraleucel with her post-CAR-T course complicated by cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and IEC-HS ultimately leading to persistent BM aplasia. She underwent a rescue allogeneic stem cell transplant but ultimately succumbed to progressive disease. IEC-HS is an increasingly recognized complication that occurs after CAR-T treatments that can result in aplasia, a dangerous complication with serious sequelae including infection, transfusion dependence, and high risk for hemorrhage. The underlying mechanism is poorly understood, and further studies are needed to understand how to treat it better.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Maternal Risk Factors with the Prevalence of Caesarean Section Deliveries: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Eleni Pavlidou,&nbsp;Georgios Antasouras,&nbsp;Sousana K Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Olga Alexatou,&nbsp;Dimitrios Papandreou,&nbsp;Maria Mentzelou,&nbsp;Gerasimos Tsourouflis,&nbsp;Aikaterini Louka,&nbsp;Nikolaos E Rodopaios,&nbsp;Maria Chrysafi,&nbsp;Anastasia Sampani,&nbsp;Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040066","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last few years, there has been a gradually increasing rate of caesarean section deliveries worldwide that negatively affects both mothers' and children's health. The present survey intended to explore the relations of common maternal risk factors with the prevalence of caesarean sections. This is a cross-sectional study including 5182 healthy mothers from geographically diverse regions of Greece, which has applied relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria. An elevated 56.4% incidence of caesarean sections was noted. The prevalence of caesarean section deliveries was estimated to be 51.5% in private hospitals and 48.5% in public hospitals. Maternal age, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, excess gestational weight gain, preterm birth, financial status, smoking habits, and private type of birth hospital were considerably associated with a high probability of caesarean section, regardless of several confounders. In conclusion, caesarean section rates are constantly increasing, and various maternal risk factors additively elevate its incidence, which additionally enhances the likelihood of postpartum complications for both the mothers and their infants. Public health procedures and approaches are strongly recommended to notify future mothers of the potential risk factors that may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes of caesarean section delivery, highlighting its use only for emergency medical reasons and also promoting healthier nutritional and lifestyle habits that may reduce the increasing prevalence of caesarean section deliveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> with the Combination of Cardiovascular Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, or Chronic Liver Disease: A Preliminary Study.","authors":"Amani Babekir, Sayed Mostafa, Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040065","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a protozoan parasite widespread worldwide, with over 40 million individuals in the United States. It may infect vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, and liver, resulting in chronic infections. The main objective of this study is to investigate the association of <i>Toxoplasma</i> infection with the combination of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or chronic liver disease (CLD). The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2009-2010) data were used, and the association of infection with chronic disease was assessed with biomarkers and indexes using statistical modeling. The percentage of participants with a combination of CLD and CKD was higher among <i>Toxoplasma</i> positive participants compared to the negative participants (2.76 vs. 1.26). Furthermore, exposure to <i>T. gondii</i> may increase the odds of cardiovascular disease, CKD, or CLD, or vice versa.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"May Nutritional Status Positively Affect Disease Progression and Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal and Pharyngeal Cancers? A Scoping Review of the Current Clinical Studies.","authors":"Georgios Antasouras, Sousana K Papadopoulou, Maria Tolia, Aimilia-Lynn Pandi, Maria Spanoudaki, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Gerasimos Tsourouflis, Evmorfia Psara, Maria Mentzelou, Constantinos Giaginis","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition in esophageal and pharyngeal cancer patients constitutes a common and serious concern, which significantly reduces patients' prognoses. Cancers of the esophagus and the pharynx can considerably impair feeding in patients, resulting in severe undernutrition. This is a scoping review that intends to critically analyze the most well-designed clinical studies investigating the potential beneficial impact of diverse nutritional assessment tools on the prognosis of patients with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The most accurate and remarkable scientific databases were comprehensively explored utilizing relative keywords to detect clinical studies that investigate whether nutritional status may affect disease prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several assessment tools have evaluated and highlighted the potential beneficial impact of nutritional status on disease progression and patients' prognosis in both esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Regarding esophageal cancer, CONUT, PNI, PG-SGA, and NRS-2002 are more commonly used, while albumin is also frequently evaluated. Regarding pharyngeal cancers, fewer studies are currently available. PNI has been evaluated, and its significance as a factor for shorter survival' times has been highlighted. The Comprehensive Nutritional Index has also been evaluated with positive results, as well as NRS 2002, GPS, and body-weight status. However, there is currently a lack of studies with an adequate number of women with cancer. An international literature gap was identified concerning follow-up studies with adequate methodology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutritional status may significantly affect disease progression and patients' survival, highlighting the significance of a great nutritional status in individuals with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Further large-scale and well-designed prospective surveys should be performed to verify the potential beneficial effects of adequate nourishment in people suffering from cancer of the esophagus and pharynx.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Silicosis Incidence on Tuberculosis Mortality and Morbidity: A Multi-Country Study.","authors":"Muayad Albadrani","doi":"10.3390/medsci11040063","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11040063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are several risk factors attributed to tuberculosis (TB) mortality and morbidity. There are few studies and systematic reviews showing the association of silicosis and tuberculosis at a country level. Very limited studies have been conducted using multi-country data in studying the association of incidence of silicosis with TB mortality and morbidity. Hence, the aim of this research was to explore the association of incidence of silicosis and other important risk factors with TB mortality and morbidity using multi-country data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 217 WHO region countries were utilized, sourcing TB-related statistics from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation and additional risk factors from the Demographic and Health Survey, Global Burden of Disease, and World Bank for 2019. Regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between silicosis incidence and TB outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found an average silicosis incidence of 121.92 per 100,000 population. Additionally, 62.69% of the sample population are exposed to air pollution from solid fuel cooking. Sanitation access stands at an average of 59.67%. Regression outcomes indicate that while alcohol consumption's influence on TB is not statistically significant, a unit increase in silicosis incidence significantly elevates TB deaths (235.9, <i>p</i> = 0.005), YLL (9399.3, <i>p</i> = 0.011), and YLD (910.8, <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of silicosis is found to be one of the important determinants of deaths, YLL, and YLD due to tuberculosis. Country-specific strategies to prevent and control silicosis is a need of the hour.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10594424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Composite Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Takotsubo Syndrome: A Nationwide Analysis.","authors":"Nanush Damarlapally,&nbsp;Rupak Desai,&nbsp;Aanchal Sawhney,&nbsp;Jyoti Verma,&nbsp;Harroop Singh Klair,&nbsp;Dhanush Kolli,&nbsp;Birimroz Singh Sibia,&nbsp;Vardhan Chalasani,&nbsp;Rasya Reddy,&nbsp;Jithin Kolli,&nbsp;Ikechukwu Ogbu,&nbsp;Jyotsna Gummadi","doi":"10.3390/medsci11030062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11030062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association of traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors with outcomes of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is not well-defined. This study examined how modifiable CVD risk factors affect composite cardiovascular outcomes in TTS hospitalizations. TTS admissions were identified using ICD-10 codes and compared for demographics and comorbidities using the 2019 National Inpatient Sample. A multivariable regression examined the association of traditional CVD risk variables with adverse composite cardiovascular outcomes in TTS, controlling for confounders including sociodemographic or hospital-level characteristics and other relevant comorbidities. A total of 16,055 (38.1%) of the 41,855 adult TTS admissions had composite cardiovascular outcomes (TACCO). The TACCO cohort was 81.5% white, 77.3% female, and 72 years old. This group had higher rates of diabetes and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The results showed that a higher prevalence of diabetes with chronic complications (OR = 1.18) and complicated hypertension (HTN) (OR = 1.1) predicted TACCO, whereas tobacco use disorder (OR = 0.84), hyperlipidemia (OR = 0.76), and uncomplicated HTN (OR = 0.65) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) showed a paradoxical effect with TACCO. TACCO had fewer routine discharges (35.3% vs. 63.4%), longer stays (6 vs. 3 days), and higher median hospital costs (78,309 USD vs. 44,966 USD). This population-based study found that complicated HTN and DM with chronic complications are strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in TTS hospitalizations. But still, some risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia and uncomplicated HTN, have counterintuitive effects that require further evaluation. To prevent cardiac events in TTS patients, traditional CVD risk factors must be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of the Rise of ChatGPT in Medical Research.","authors":"Nikki M Barrington, Nithin Gupta, Basel Musmar, David Doyle, Nicholas Panico, Nikhil Godbole, Taylor Reardon, Randy S D'Amico","doi":"10.3390/medsci11030061","DOIUrl":"10.3390/medsci11030061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid emergence of publicly accessible artificial intelligence platforms such as large language models (LLMs) has led to an equally rapid increase in articles exploring their potential benefits and risks. We performed a bibliometric analysis of ChatGPT literature in medicine and science to better understand publication trends and knowledge gaps. Following title, abstract, and keyword searches of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for ChatGPT articles published in the medical field, articles were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted from included articles, with citation counts obtained from PubMed and journal metrics obtained from Clarivate Journal Citation Reports. After screening, 267 articles were included in the study, most of which were editorials or correspondence with an average of 7.5 +/- 18.4 citations per publication. Published articles on ChatGPT were authored largely in the United States, India, and China. The topics discussed included use and accuracy of ChatGPT in research, medical education, and patient counseling. Among non-surgical specialties, radiology published the most ChatGPT-related articles, while plastic surgery published the most articles among surgical specialties. The average citation number among the top 20 most-cited articles was 60.1 +/- 35.3. Among journals with the most ChatGPT-related publications, there were on average 10 +/- 3.7 publications. Our results suggest that managing the inevitable ethical and safety issues that arise with the implementation of LLMs will require further research exploring the capabilities and accuracy of ChatGPT, to generate policies guiding the adoption of artificial intelligence in medicine and science.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Multi-Gene Methylation Blood-Test for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Joel Petit,&nbsp;Georgia Carroll,&nbsp;Henry Williams,&nbsp;Peter Pockney,&nbsp;Rodney J Scott","doi":"10.3390/medsci11030060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11030060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating tumour DNA biomarkers are an expanding field in oncology research that offer great potential but are currently often limited in value by overall cost. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel multi-gene methylation blood test for the identification of colorectal cancer and throughout the spectrum of colorectal disease. Participants were recruited either prior to resection for known CRC or prior to screening colonoscopy after a positive faecal immunochemical test. Blood was collected from participants prior to their procedure being performed. The plasma was separated, and multiplex MethylLight droplet digital PCR was used to analyse for the presence of four methylated genes: <i>SDC2</i>, <i>NPY</i>, <i>IKZF1</i> and <i>SEPT9</i>. A total of 537 participants underwent analysis. The <i>SDC2</i>/<i>NPY</i> genes showed a sensitivity of 33-54% and a specificity of 72-96%, whilst the <i>IKZF1</i>/<i>SEPT9</i> genes showed a sensitivity of 19-42% and a specificity of 88-96%. Combining the two tests did not significantly increase the test accuracy. The sensitivity for advanced adenoma was 2-15%. There was a significant difference in the frequency of detectable methylation between the participants with CRC and those without CRC. However, neither the sensitivity nor the specificity was superior to current diagnostic screening tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41161068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Anthropomorphic Heterogeneous Female Pelvic Phantom and Its Comparison with a Homogeneous Phantom in Advance Radiation Therapy: Dosimetry Analysis.","authors":"Neha Yadav,&nbsp;Manisha Singh,&nbsp;Surendra P Mishra,&nbsp;Shahnawaz Ansari","doi":"10.3390/medsci11030059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci11030059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate dosimetry is crucial in radiotherapy to ensure optimal radiation dose delivery to the tumor while sparing healthy tissues. Traditional dosimetry techniques using homogeneous phantoms may not accurately represent the complex anatomical variations in cervical cancer patients, highlighting the need to compare dosimetry results obtained from different phantom models.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to design and evaluate an anthropomorphic heterogeneous female pelvic (AHFP) phantom for radiotherapy quality assurance in cervical cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>Thirty RapidArc plans designed for cervical cancer patients were exported to both the RW3 homogeneous phantom and the anthropomorphic heterogeneous pelvic phantom. Dose calculations were performed using the anisotropic analytic algorithm (AAA), and the plans were delivered using a linear accelerator (LA). Dose measurements were obtained using a 0.6 cc ion chamber. The percentage (%) variation between planned and measured doses was calculated and analyzed. Additionally, relative dosimetry was performed for various target locations using RapidArc and IMRT treatment techniques. The AHFP phantom demonstrated excellent agreement between measured and expected dose distributions, making it a reliable quality assurance tool in radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results reveal that the percentage variation between planned and measured doses for all RapidArc quality assurance (QA) plans using the AHFP phantom is 10.67% (maximum value), 2.31% (minimum value), and 6.89% (average value), with a standard deviation (SD) of 2.565 (t = 3.21604, <i>p</i> = 0.001063). Also, for the percentage of variation between homogeneous and AHFP phantoms, the t-value is -11.17016 and the <i>p</i>-value is <0.00001. The result is thus significant at <i>p</i> < 0.05. We can see that the outcomes differ significantly due to the influence of heterogeneous media. Also, the average gamma values in RapidArc plans are 0.29, 0.32, and 0.35 (g ≤ 1) and IMRT plans are 0.45, 0.44, and 0.42 (g ≤ 1) for targets 1, 2, and 3, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AHFP phantom results show more dose variability than homogenous phantom outcomes. Also, the AHFP phantom was found to be suitable for QA evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74152,"journal":{"name":"Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10535781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}