Medical review (Berlin, Germany)最新文献_第7页

Precision medicine revolutionizes cancer diagnosis and treatment. 精准医疗彻底改变了癌症的诊断和治疗。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2023-01-13 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0041

Chuanhui Han, Qimin Zhan

引用次数: 0

Tumorigenesis from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma. 从非酒精性脂肪性肝炎到肝细胞癌的肿瘤发生。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2023-01-06 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0043

Junjie Yu, Utpal B Pajvani

引用次数: 0

Understanding recurrent pregnancy loss: recent advances on its etiology, clinical diagnosis, and management. 了解复发性流产：其病因、临床诊断和治疗的最新进展。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0030

Chunwei Cao, Shiyu Bai, Jing Zhang, Xiaoyue Sun, Anming Meng, Hui Chen

{"title":"Understanding recurrent pregnancy loss: recent advances on its etiology, clinical diagnosis, and management.","authors":"Chunwei Cao, Shiyu Bai, Jing Zhang, Xiaoyue Sun, Anming Meng, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has become an important reproductive health issue worldwide. RPL affects about 2%-3% of reproductive-aged women, and makes serious threats to women's physical and mental health. However, the etiology of approximately 50% of RPL cases remains unknown (unexplained RPL), which poses a big challenge for clinical management of these patients. RPL has been widely regarded as a complex disease where its etiology has been attributed to numerous factors. Heretofore, various risk factors for RPL have been identified, such as maternal ages, genetic factors, anatomical structural abnormalities, endocrine dysfunction, prethrombotic state, immunological factors, and infection. More importantly, development and applications of next generation sequencing technology have significantly expanded opportunities to discover chromosomal aberrations and single gene variants responsible for RPL, which provides new insight into its pathogenic mechanisms. Furthermore, based upon patients' diagnostic evaluation and etiologic diagnosis, specific therapeutic recommendations have been established. This review will highlight current understanding and recent advances on RPL, with a special focus on the immunological and genetic etiologies, clinical diagnosis and therapeutic management.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 6","pages":"570-589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/7b/mr-2-6-mr-2022-0030.PMC10471095.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10311404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Atypical functions of xenobiotic receptors in lipid and glucose metabolism. 异生物受体在脂质和葡萄糖代谢中的非典型功能。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-30 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0032

Jingyuan Wang, Peipei Lu, Wen Xie

{"title":"Atypical functions of xenobiotic receptors in lipid and glucose metabolism.","authors":"Jingyuan Wang, Peipei Lu, Wen Xie","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Xenobiotic receptors are traditionally defined as xenobiotic chemical-sensing receptors, the activation of which transcriptionally regulates the expression of enzymes and transporters involved in the metabolism and disposition of xenobiotics. Emerging evidence suggests that \"xenobiotic receptors\" also have diverse endobiotic functions, including their effects on lipid metabolism and energy metabolism. Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, stroke, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Understanding the molecular mechanism by which transcriptional factors, including the xenobiotic receptors, regulate lipid homeostasis will help to develop preventive and therapeutic approaches. This review describes recent advances in our understanding the atypical roles of three xenobiotic receptors: aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), in metabolic disorders, with a particular focus on their effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Collectively, the literatures suggest the potential values of AhR, PXR and CAR as therapeutic targets for the treatment of NAFLD, NASH, obesity and diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 6","pages":"611-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d9/04/mr-2-6-mr-2022-0032.PMC9912049.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9203455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ovarian aging: mechanisms and intervention strategies. 卵巢衰老：机制和干预策略。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0031

Zhengmao Zhu, Wanxue Xu, Lin Liu

{"title":"Ovarian aging: mechanisms and intervention strategies.","authors":"Zhengmao Zhu, Wanxue Xu, Lin Liu","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian reserve is essential for fertility and influences healthy aging in women. Advanced maternal age correlates with the progressive loss of both the quantity and quality of oocytes. The molecular mechanisms and various contributing factors underlying ovarian aging have been uncovered. In this review, we highlight some of critical factors that impact oocyte quantity and quality during aging. Germ cell and follicle reserve at birth determines reproductive lifespan and timing the menopause in female mammals. Accelerated diminishing ovarian reserve leads to premature ovarian aging or insufficiency. Poor oocyte quality with increasing age could result from chromosomal cohesion deterioration and misaligned chromosomes, telomere shortening, DNA damage and associated genetic mutations, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic alteration. We also discuss the intervention strategies to delay ovarian aging. Both the efficacy of senotherapies by antioxidants against reproductive aging and mitochondrial therapy are discussed. Functional oocytes and ovarioids could be rejuvenated from pluripotent stem cells or somatic cells. We propose directions for future interventions. As couples increasingly begin delaying parenthood in life worldwide, understanding the molecular mechanisms during female reproductive aging and potential intervention strategies could benefit women in making earlier choices about their reproductive health.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 6","pages":"590-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fe/46/mr-2-6-mr-2022-0031.PMC10471094.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10311403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Exploring the mysteries of reproductive health. 探索生殖健康的奥秘。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 eCollection Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0036

Jie Qiao

{"title":"Exploring the mysteries of reproductive health.","authors":"Jie Qiao","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive health is an important factor in coordinated development of the population, economy, and society and has attracted increasing global attention. Reproductive health is also among the core contents of China’s population health strategy, and improving maternal and child health is a central component of realizing the Healthy China 2030 agenda [1]. Currently, the population of people in China who are fertile and of childbearing age is decreasing, and the incidence of birth defects is high. Therefore, determining the molecular basis of fertility establishment and maintenance as well as the physiological and pathological regulationmechanisms of fertility are theoretical cornerstones for further understanding life. This information can also be used to diagnose and treat various reproductive-related diseases, effectively improve infertility, and improve the health of children. The key steps of the reproductive process include gamete development, maturation, fertilization, early embryo development, embryo implantation, and pregnancy maintenance. Research on fertility and reproductive health involves analysis of the physiological regulationmechanismof each step of reproductive development, various diseases and birth defects caused by disorders in reproductive development, and the programming mechanism of offspring health in both the shortand long-term (Figure 1). In this issue, several outstanding scientists summarize recent research progress in studies of reproductive health from various perspectives to provide an overview of the frontiers and trends in this field.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 5","pages":"447-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2c/cc/mr-2-5-mr-2022-0036.PMC10388805.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10657920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An update on placental drug transport and its relevance to fetal drug exposure. 胎盘药物转运及其与胎儿药物暴露相关性的最新进展。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 eCollection Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0025

Qingcheng Mao, Xin Chen

{"title":"An update on placental drug transport and its relevance to fetal drug exposure.","authors":"Qingcheng Mao, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnant women are often complicated with diseases that require treatment with medication. Most drugs administered to pregnant women are off-label without the necessary dose, efficacy, and safety information. Knowledge concerning drug transfer across the placental barrier is essential for understanding fetal drug exposure and hence drug safety and efficacy to the fetus. Transporters expressed in the placenta, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporters and solute carrier uptake transporters, play important roles in determining drug transfer across the placental barrier, leading to fetal exposure to the drugs. In this review, we provide an update on placental drug transport, including in vitro cell/tissue, ex vivo human placenta perfusion, and in vivo animal studies that can be used to determine the expression and function of drug transporters in the placenta as well as placental drug transfer and fetal drug exposure. We also describe how the knowledge of placental drug transfer through passive diffusion or active transport can be combined with physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation to predict systemic fetal drug exposure. Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps in studying placental drug transport and predicting fetal drug exposure and discuss future research directions to fill these gaps.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 5","pages":"501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/46/mr-2-5-mr-2022-0025.PMC10388746.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10658302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Site-specific genome editing in treatment of inherited diseases: possibility, progress, and perspectives. 位点特异性基因组编辑在遗传性疾病治疗中的应用：可能性、进展和前景。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-11 eCollection Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0029

Chao Huang, Qing Li, Jinsong Li

引用次数: 2

Developmental origins of adult diseases. 成人疾病的发育起源。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-11-11 eCollection Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0027

Jiaying Mo, Xuanqi Liu, Yutong Huang, Renke He, Yu Zhang, Hefeng Huang

{"title":"Developmental origins of adult diseases.","authors":"Jiaying Mo, Xuanqi Liu, Yutong Huang, Renke He, Yu Zhang, Hefeng Huang","doi":"10.1515/mr-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"10.1515/mr-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence and mechanisms of developmental adult diseases have gradually attracted attention in recent years. Exposure of gametes and embryos to adverse environments, especially during plastic development, can alter the expression of certain tissue-specific genes, leading to increased susceptibility to certain diseases in adulthood, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatric, and reproductive system diseases, etc. The occurrence of chronic disease in adulthood is partly due to genetic factors, and the remaining risk is partly due to environmental-dependent epigenetic information alteration, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Changes in this epigenetic information potentially damage our health, which has also been supported by numerous epidemiological and animal studies in recent years. Environmental factors functionally affect embryo development through epimutation, transmitting diseases to offspring and even later generations. This review mainly elaborated on the concept of developmental origins of adult diseases, and revealed the epigenetic mechanisms underlying these events, discussed the theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.","PeriodicalId":74151,"journal":{"name":"Medical review (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"2 5","pages":"450-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/62/mr-2-5-mr-2022-0027.PMC10388800.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10658303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organoid research on human early development and beyond. 人类早期发育及以后的类器官研究。

Medical review (Berlin, Germany) Pub Date : 2022-10-31 eCollection Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0028

Lu Wen, Fuchou Tang

引用次数: 0