African Journal of Biotechnology最新文献_第2页

Identification of antagonistic bacterium strain and biocontrol effects on ginseng root rot disease 人参根腐病拮抗菌株的鉴定及生物防治效果

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2022.17506

Chunyuan Zhou, Piao Chengci, Zhang Hao

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Inoculation effectiveness of native and exotic Bradyrhizobium species strains in a Senegalese agricultural soil: A comparison on modern and traditional peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars 塞内加尔农业土壤中本地和外来巴西根瘤菌菌株的接种效果：现代和传统花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）栽培品种的比较

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17614

Sene Godar, Top Nibourou, Cissoko Maimouna, Niang Nogaye, Ndiaye Cheikh, Faye Issa, Thiao Mansour, Fall Saliou, Ndao Sylla Samba

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Callus induction of Tacca integrifolia Ker Gawl using stem nodal segment 利用茎节段诱导 Tacca integrifolia Ker Gawl 的胼胝体

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17569

Azalina Azman Nur, Awal Asmah, Abdol Latif Fatimah

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A comparative study of transgenic cotton development, impacts, challenges and prospects with respect to China and Africa 转基因棉花在中国和非洲的发展、影响、挑战和前景比较研究

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2022.17486

E. V. Nnaemeka, Yuqiang Sun

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Dynamics of the vaginal microbiome during the menstrual cycle of HIV positive and negative women in a sub-urban population of Kenya 肯尼亚郊区艾滋病毒阳性和阴性妇女月经周期中阴道微生物群的动态变化

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17549

N. K. Teresa, Vaneechoutte Mario, M. M. Paul, Verstraelen Hans, Estambale Benson, Temmerman Marleen, Verhelst Rita

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Efficacy of organic extracts of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) leaf and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) seed against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions 在实验室条件下，烟草（茄科）叶片和麻风树（大戟科）种子的有机萃取物对鞘翅目：卷须虫科的嗜坐螨的功效

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17612

Temesgen Tsegab, G. Emana

{"title":"Efficacy of organic extracts of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) leaf and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) seed against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions","authors":"Temesgen Tsegab, G. Emana","doi":"10.5897/ajb2023.17612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2023.17612","url":null,"abstract":"The maize weevil is a pest of stored maize controlled with synthetic insecticides. The widespread use of these insecticides, however, is harmful to the environment and human health. In this study, solvent extracts (SEs) and powder treatments (PTs) of Nicotiana tabacum leaves and Jatropha curcas seeds were tested for their efficacy against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with three replications. For extraction, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane were used. Extract concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% were evaluated at dosages of 4, 8, and 12 ml. PT of botanicals was evaluated at dosages of 4, 8, and 12 g. Mortality was calculated at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after treatment. At the end of the experiment, the percentage of grain damage, weight loss, and germination percentage was calculated. Dichloromethane SEs of N. tabacum leaves and J. curcas seeds at 50, 75, and 100% levels of extract concentrations (LEC) in all doses caused 100% mortality. The J. curcas seed PTs at 12 g and its SEs of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane in 100% LEC at 12 ml experienced the least grain weight loss of 1.36, 0.79 and 0.64%, respectively. The results suggest that these plant-based products are very promising, generally available, cost-effective, non-toxic to non-target organisms, and simple to produce. Thus, dichloromethane SEs of N. tabacum leaves and J. curcas seeds at 50% LEC and above in all doses can be recommended for the management of S.","PeriodicalId":7414,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Evaluation of viral hepatitis C screening at Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire from 2012 to 2022 2012 至 2022 年科特迪瓦巴斯德研究所丙型病毒性肝炎筛查评估

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17615

A. K. Viviane, Sévédé Daouda, D. Moussa, E. A. Stanislas, Dosso Mireille

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Assessment of the stability and genotype-environment interaction of a spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) collection in Burkina Faso: Application of the AMMI and GGE models 评估布基纳法索蜘蛛植物（Cleome gynandra L.）采集的稳定性以及基因型与环境之间的相互作用：AMMI 和 GGE 模型的应用

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17611

Boureima Sakande, P. Sawadogo, J. Tiendrébéogo, Z. Kiébré, P. Bationo-Kando

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An optimized protocol for in vitro regeneration of tropical maize inbred lines through cell suspension and semi-protoplast cultures 通过细胞悬浮和半原生质体培养的热带玉米自交系体外再生优化方案

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2023.17557

Moemi Billiah, Masanga Joel, Runo Steven

{"title":"An optimized protocol for in vitro regeneration of tropical maize inbred lines through cell suspension and semi-protoplast cultures","authors":"Moemi Billiah, Masanga Joel, Runo Steven","doi":"10.5897/ajb2023.17557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2023.17557","url":null,"abstract":"Maize being an important staple food crop is widely consumed in Kenya but its production remains low due to biotic and abiotic challenges that have not been addressed sufficiently through conventional breeding. This study sought to optimize the establishment of cell suspension and protoplast cultures for 10 tropical inbred maize genotypes in order to identify genotypes that can readily establish in liquid cultures and those whose cell suspensions and protoplasts are capable of in vitro regeneration. Callus were induced using immature zygotic embryos on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg/L 2, 4-D, 5 mg/L dicamba or 5 mg/L picloram. Dicamba and picloram induced friable calli that readily dispersed into cell suspensions in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.1 g/L asparagine and either 0.4 or 0.8 g/L proline. Cell growth was determined by packed cell volume (PCV) every seven days. The highest PCV (240 µl/ml) was recorded in genotype EO4 followed by CML 216 (188 µ/ml). Optimal growth was observed in cells maintained in MS Amended with 0.4 or 0.8 g/L of proline in combination with 0.1 g/L asparagine compared to medium without proline.  It was also observed that cells cultured in media with reduced Ammonium Nitrate (12 fold reduction) recorded higher PCV values than controls. Protoplasts were generated from the resulting cells using 2% cellulase and 0.5% pectolyase in an enzyme digestion cocktail containing Mannitol and Calcium Chloride (MaCa) and washed in MS with vitamins containing Mannitol (MSMa). Only cell clusters of genotype EO4 gave rise to plants with a regeneration frequency of 42.51%. In conclusion, success was achieved in callus initiation, formation of cell suspension cultures and their eventual regeneration into whole plants for selected tropical maize genotypes.   Key words: Cell suspensions, callus, somatic embryos, packed cell volume, protoplasts.","PeriodicalId":7414,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135976848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Quality evaluation of low free fatty acid and high free fatty acid crude palm oil and variation of total fatty matter and fatty acid composition in Nigerian palm oil 低游离脂肪酸和高游离脂肪酸粗棕榈油质量评价及尼日利亚棕榈油总脂肪和脂肪酸组成变化

African Journal of Biotechnology Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.5897/ajb2020.17181

G. O. Igile, A. I. Iwara, O. O. Ekpe, N. M. Essien, G. E. Egbung

{"title":"Quality evaluation of low free fatty acid and high free fatty acid crude palm oil and variation of total fatty matter and fatty acid composition in Nigerian palm oil","authors":"G. O. Igile, A. I. Iwara, O. O. Ekpe, N. M. Essien, G. E. Egbung","doi":"10.5897/ajb2020.17181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2020.17181","url":null,"abstract":"Quality of palm oil determines its consumer and market acceptability and price. This correlates directly to its moisture (%), free fatty acid (% FFA) and total fatty matter (%TFM) content. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of low free fatty acid (LFFA) and high free fatty acid (HFFA) crude palm oil (CPO) samples aged 5 to 10 days, purchased from four locations in Southern Nigeria. HFFA CPO is produced using traditional methods while LFFA CPO is produced by modern milling methods. The oil samples were analyzed for quality and fatty acid using standard analytical methods. The results obtained showed that FFA and total contaminants were significantly (p<0.05) lower in LFFA and higher in HFFA CPO samples. The values of FFA were significantly (P<0.05) higher in HFFA (9.25±0.70-12.76±1.20%) when compared to LFFA CPO values (2.44±0.30-2.95±0.08%). No significant (p>05) difference was observed in the mean saponification value of LFFA (198.95±0.80 mg KOH/g oil) and HFFA CPO (198.62±0.40 mg KOH/g oil). TFM for LFFA CPO ranged between 91.94±0.40 - 92.45±0.75% suggesting no significant (p>0.05) variability in TFM values for LFFA CPO. TFM values for HFFA CPO were significantly (P<0.05) lower and varied between 81.06±0.64 and 85.16±1.05%. The palmitic acid in HFFA CPO was 44.670±0.85 and 45.641±1.77% in LFFA CPO. Oleic acid content was 37.370±0.92% in HFFA oil and 39.005±1.06% in LFFA oil. It was concluded that CPO is rich in SFAs, MUFAs and PUFAs. The ratio of TSFAs to TUFAs for both LFFA and HFFA CPO is 1:1.   Key words: Quality, crude palm oil, free fatty acid, total fatty matter, fatty acids, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).","PeriodicalId":7414,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Biotechnology","volume":"13 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135976849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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