Advances in wound care最新文献

{"title":"Overcoming Challenges in Wound Infection: Biofilm and Antimicrobial Resistance.","authors":"Markus Rothmaier, Matthew J Hardman, Bithi Chatterjee, Holly N Wilkinson, Michelle Rudden, Ran Frenkel","doi":"10.1177/21621918261440437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21621918261440437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Chronic wounds represent a growing clinical and economic burden, affecting 1-2% of the global population, with prevalence expected to rise due to aging and increasing rates of diabetes, obesity, and vascular diseases. Wound persistence is often driven by infection and compounded by antimicrobial resistance (AMR), resulting in poor patient outcomes. High prevalence of microbial biofilms, which shield pathogens from immune clearance and promote AMR, further promotes the chronicity of infected wounds.</p><p><strong>Recent advances: </strong>Adoption of antimicrobial stewardship in wound care is increasing, emphasizing timely diagnosis of infection and pathogen identification to guide treatment and limit unnecessary AMR-driving antibiotic use. However, current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches remain only partially effective, particularly for biofilm-containing wounds. While many antimicrobials exist, their use is constrained by negative impacts on wound healing, limited antibiofilm activity, and insufficient evidence of improved clinical outcome. To address these gaps, recent advances in diagnostics and therapeutics aim to disrupt microbial communities, reduce AMR risk, and accelerate wound healing.</p><p><strong>Critical issues: </strong>The treatment of chronic wounds is challenged by AMR, biofilms, and the limited effectiveness of current therapies. Contemporary antimicrobials (<i>e.g.,</i> broad-spectrum antibiotics and silver) are linked to AMR development, compounded by biofilms that shield pathogens, limit antimicrobial efficacy, and sustain infection. While alternative treatments with lower AMR risk and greater antibiofilm activity are under investigation, the lack of robust clinical data limits their adoption.</p><p><strong>Future directions: </strong>Broader adoption of antimicrobial stewardship and biofilm-targeting sustainable wound care practices are key for combatting AMR and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261440437"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partnering with Communities to Improve Diabetic Foot Ulcer Care in High-Risk Populations.","authors":"Nancy Gauvin, Breana Wayne, Shomita S Mathew-Steiner, Teresa L Z Jones, Rodica Pop-Busui, Cathie Spino, Fleur Maturo, Brian M Schmidt, Crystal Holmes, Chandan K Sen, Wagahta Semere","doi":"10.1177/21621918261440435","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21621918261440435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain one of the most devastating complications of diabetes, accounting for over 80% of nontraumatic amputations and contributing to a 5-year mortality rate exceeding 30%. Despite significant clinical advances, profound disparities persist. Racial and ethnic minoritized populations, rural communities, and people with low socioeconomic resources experience disproportionate rates of severe ulceration, infection, delayed healing, and amputation.</p><p><strong>Problem: </strong>Traditional research approaches, often developed in academic settings without community input, have insufficiently addressed the contextual, cultural, and structural factors shaping DFU risk and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Community-engaged research (CEnR) offers a promising pathway to address these inequities; yet, DFU-specific evidence remains limited and heterogeneous. In response, the Diabetic Foot Consortium (DFC), a national research network funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, has initiated multisite efforts to embed community advisory boards, faith-based partnerships, mobile outreach, and culturally aligned engagement into DFU research.</p><p><strong>Model: </strong>We propose the DFC-CEnR Model, a conceptual framework for integrating community-engaged approaches to DFU prevention, early detection, treatment, and research participation. The model distinguishes CEnR from related approaches (community-based participatory research, patient and public involvement, cultural humility, and equity-focused system interventions), outlining hypothesized mechanisms and evaluation domains. Illustrative consortium examples demonstrate how engagement domains may be operationalized and inform future testing of validated outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This article positions community engagement as a hypothesis-generating strategy that requires rigorous empirical testing to determine its impact on DFU outcomes and disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261440435"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senescence Programs Shape the Chronic Wound Microenvironment.","authors":"Maria Shvedova, Minsung Cho, Jeroen Eyckmans, Daniel S Roh","doi":"10.1177/21621918261441046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21621918261441046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure ulcers are characterized by impaired healing and persistent inflammation. Cellular senescence, defined as irreversible growth arrest with a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), has emerged as a potential driver of these nonhealing states. While transient induction of senescence may aid acute repair, chronic accumulation of senescent cells is thought to disrupt tissue regeneration, promote extracellular matrix degradation, and sustain inflammation.</p><p><strong>Recent advances: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics have revealed diverse cell states in chronic wounds, including senescent subsets. Studies in diabetic, venous, and pressure ulcers implicate senescent fibroblasts and immune cells in impaired remodeling, often triggered by oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, or ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therapeutic strategies targeting senescent cells in delayed wound healing have demonstrated promise in preclinical models; however, interventions must be timed and targeted precisely.</p><p><strong>Critical issues: </strong>Despite emerging evidence, the identity, abundance, and location of senescent cells in chronic wounds remain poorly defined. Reliance on nonspecific markers such as p21 or SA-β-gal complicates interpretation. Senescence appears to play context-dependent roles, with beneficial effects during acute healing but harmful persistence in chronic wounds, presenting challenges for therapeutic targeting.</p><p><strong>Future directions: </strong>More studies using single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and longitudinal profiling are needed to define senescent subpopulations, map their spatial distribution, and track dynamics during wound progression. These approaches will help distinguish transient from persistent senescence. A deeper understanding of interactions with immune, epithelial, and stromal components will guide precisely timed, cell type-specific interventions to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261441046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Effects on Wound Healing.","authors":"Hanqi Yao, Michelle F Griffin, Serena L Jing, Danae S Kawamoto-Duran, Jaden G Tarter, Norah E Liang, Michael T Longaker, Derrick C Wan","doi":"10.1177/21621918261438987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21621918261438987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Wound healing is an energetically demanding process that is easily disturbed by metabolic dysregulation. Metabolic dysregulation, induced by diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, and various hormone imbalances, can disrupt each phase of wound repair, increasing the risk of post-operative complications, infection, wound dehiscence, and pathological scarring. We review the current evidence on the role of metabolic regulation in wound healing and highlight clinically relevant considerations for patient care.</p><p><strong>Recent advances: </strong>Animal and human studies have advanced our understanding of how metabolic pathways influence inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroblast function, and extracellular matrix remodeling during wound healing. These insights have led to the development of novel therapies, including hormone-based topical agents and dressings that both sense and modulate metabolites during wound healing.</p><p><strong>Critical issues: </strong>Despite growing recognition of the role of metabolic syndromes and hormonal regulation in wound healing, these factors are insufficiently integrated into clinical wound management. Bridging this gap requires a clear understanding of how metabolic syndromes and hormonal derangements influence healing.</p><p><strong>Future directions: </strong>The continued development of treatments that modulate metabolic and hormonal pathways may enhance wound healing while minimizing systemic risk. Clinicians should also integrate local metabolic optimization with medical and lifestyle management to create the optimal wound healing environment for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261438987"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147653423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Endogenous Trehalose Expression Activate the NRF2-HMOX1 Pathway to Enhance Antioxidant Stress and Wound Healing Capacity.","authors":"Zhen Wang, Xin Liu, Xin Chen, Jie Jing, Qiuyang Chen, Feiyang Zhou, Zian Chen, Wei Fang, Li Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Zian Li, Qiang Wang, Jing Gao, Jing Zhao, Guangchao Xu, Rongqing Pang","doi":"10.1177/21621918261438590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21621918261438590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oxidative stress limits mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) efficacy in tissue repair by reducing retention and survival at injury sites. Endogenous production of trehalose may enhance MSC resilience and promote skin wound healing.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1-expressing MSCs (TPS1-MSCs) were engineered via adenoviral transduction. Trehalose content and synthase activity were assessed. Oxidative stress models (H₂O₂, 0% fetal bovine serum, CoCl₂) were used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and cell damage. TPS1-MSCs were transplanted into mouse wounds to track retention rate via <i>in vivo</i> imaging. Histology and immunofluorescence were used to assess wound healing, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis. Conditioned medium (CM) was used to evaluate paracrine functions. RNA-seq identified differentially expressed genes, and mechanisms were validated using the NRF2 inhibitor ML385.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TPS1-MSCs exhibited TPS1 activity and synthesized trehalose. Under oxidative stress, these cells showed reduced ROS, enhanced viability, and decreased apoptosis. <i>In vivo</i>, TPS1-MSCs displayed higher retention, accelerated healing, and neovascularization. CM from TPS1-MSCs promoted keratinocyte migration, fibroblast collagen secretion, and enhanced the tube-forming capacity of endothelial cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment in the NRF2-HMOX1 pathway. TPS1-MSCs showed elevated levels of p62, nuclear NRF2, and HMOX1. ML385 treatment impaired the observed antioxidant capacity.</p><p><strong>Innovation: </strong>Engineering MSCs for endogenous trehalose synthesis enhanced oxidative stress resistance and retention through NRF2-HMOX1 activation, suggesting a potential novel MSC-based wound repair strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TPS1-MSCs improved antioxidant capacity and wound healing, potentially through the NRF2-HMOX1 pathway, and may represent a promising therapy for skin wounds. [Figure: see text] [Figure: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261438590"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Invisible Wound: Silent Focal Breach of Skin Integrity that Cascades into Systemic Dysfunction and Chronic Morbidity.","authors":"Chandan K Sen, Sashwati Roy","doi":"10.1177/21621918261438591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21621918261438591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Barrier function of human skin maintains hydration by preventing excessive transepidermal water loss (TEWL), blocks the entry of pathogens and allergens, regulates thermal and chemical exchange with the environment, and sustains immune equilibrium. A wound arises when this barrier is breached, resulting in a loss of structural integrity and barrier function. An invisible wound represents a focal loss of human skin barrier function without any visible cut, ulcer, or defect. Despite appearing intact, the skin in these regions is functionally compromised. Current U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria define complete wound closure as full re-epithelialization without drainage or dressing needs, confirmed during two assessments at least 14 days apart. Wounds may satisfy this structural requirement for wound closure yet fail to restore barrier function. Recent studies demonstrate that wounds closed meeting FDA closure criteria but exhibiting elevated TEWL at the wound site (<i>i.e.,</i> invisible wound) are more likely to recur, highlighting the clinical importance of achieving functional wound closure. Invisible wounds occur across the lifespan and arise from a wide range of everyday and high-risk exposures. They can result from age-related skin thinning, sunburn, and the routine use of cosmetic chemicals on vulnerable or sensitized skin. They may also develop after minor trauma that leaves no laceration, from mechanical stress imposed by prosthetic use, and from barotrauma or other subclinical mechanical forces commonly encountered by warfighters. Although outwardly undetectable, these silent disruptions weaken the skin's protective barrier, undermine systemic health, and contribute to chronic morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"21621918261438591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Models for Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury of Adults: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal.","authors":"Yihong Xu, Han Zhao, Shuang Wu, Jianan Wang, Jinyan Zhou, Shanni Ding, Wen Li, Wenjin Wu, Zhichao Yang, Hongxia Xu, Hongying Pan","doi":"10.1089/wound.2024.0238","DOIUrl":"10.1089/wound.2024.0238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Postoperative Pressure Injuries (PIs) present unique risks, requiring dedicated research for accurate assessment. Despite the increasing number of Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury (IAPI) prediction models, their risk of bias and clinical applicability remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Recent advances: </strong>Adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement requirements, IAPI prediction models of adult inpatients (≥18 years) were systematically retrieved from eight databases. Bias risk and applicability were evaluated using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST), followed by narrative synthesis.</p><p><strong>Critical issues: </strong>From 837 studies, 25 were included, covering 32 prediction models. Most studies (88%) were single-center and conducted in China, Korea, the United States, or Singapore, spanning various surgical specialties. Among 26,142 participants, IAPI incidence ranged from 4.1% to 41.75%. Common predictors included surgery duration, age, and diabetes. Areas Under the Curve (AUC) values varied from 0.702 to 0.984, but calibration was underreported. All studies had high bias risk, with 22 models exhibiting applicability concerns. [Figure: see text] Future Directions:The development of IAPI models requires a clear definition of the timing and personnel responsible for assessing PIs, with a preference for prospective data collection and thorough internal and external validation. Adherence to the critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modeling studies checklist and PROBAST guidelines can improve reporting quality. Models should be user-friendly, clinically applicable, and rigorously validated. Precisely defining and rigorously selecting predictors is critical to reducing variability. Future research should adopt more stringent designs to develop high-quality models capable of effectively guiding clinical practice.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024502726.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"228-245"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of Relevant Biomarkers for Human Connective Tissue Repair and Healing Outcome: Implications for Understanding Healing Processes and Design of Healing Interventions.","authors":"Junyu Chen, Xiaoxue Fu, Aisha S Ahmed, David A Hart, Zongke Zhou, Paul W Ackermann","doi":"10.1089/wound.2024.0233","DOIUrl":"10.1089/wound.2024.0233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The healing process following connective tissue (CT) injuries is complex, resulting in variable and often suboptimal outcomes. Patients undergoing CT repair frequently experience healing failures, compromised function, and chronic degenerative diseases. The identification of biomarkers to guide improved clinical outcomes after CT injuries remains an emerging but promising field. [Figure: see text] [Figure: see text] Design:Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE Ovid, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched up to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>To achieve the research objective, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies on biomarkers associated with CT repair and healing outcomes were selected. The present analysis was confined to clinical and preclinical models, excluding imaging studies. The entire process of this systematic review adhered strictly to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses protocol checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,815 studies on biomarkers of CT repair were initially identified, with 75 studies meeting eligibility criteria and 55 passing quality assessments. For biomarkers associated with CT healing outcomes, 281 studies were considered, with 30 studies meeting eligibility criteria and 24 passing quality assessments. Twenty-one overlapping studies investigated the effects of biomarkers on both CT repair and healing outcomes. Specific biomarkers identified, and ranked from highest to lowest quality, include complement factor D, eukaryotic elongation factor-2, procollagen type I N-terminal propetide, procollagen type III N-terminal propetide, lactate, pyruvate, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3), cysteine-rich protein-1, plastin-3, periostin, protein S100-A11, vimentin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9), hepatocyte growth factor, interferon-γ, interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10), MMP-1, MMP-3, tumor necrosis factor-α, fibroblast growth factor-2, IL-1α, chondroitin-6-sulfate, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain-4, transforming growth factor-beta 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, C-C chemokine receptor 7, C-C chemokine ligand 19, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-12p40, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TIMP-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All of the 37 identified potential biomarkers demonstrated regulatory effects on CT repair and mediated healing outcomes. Notably, the identified biomarkers from human studies can potentially play an essential role in the development of targeted treatment protocols to counteract compromised healing and can also serve as predictors for detecting CT healing processes and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"246-263"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor Roxadustat Accelerates Wound Healing in a Mouse Hind limb Lymphedema Model.","authors":"Kosuke Ishikawa, Yoshitada Hoshino, Masayuki Osawa, Emi Funayama, Takahiro Miura, Masahiro Hojo, Yuki Sasaki, Satoru Sasaki, Yuhei Yamamoto, Taku Maeda","doi":"10.1089/wound.2024.0237","DOIUrl":"10.1089/wound.2024.0237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Drugs regulating hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α have not been investigated for wound healing in lymphedema. Therefore, we examined the effects of drug modulation of HIF-1α activity for wound healing in our previously developed mouse model of nonirradiated hind limb lymphedema.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Mouse hind limb lymphedema models (<i>n</i> = 17) and a sham group (<i>n</i> = 6) were created using 8- to 10-week-old male C57BL/6N mice. Mice with hind limb lymphedema were randomized into experimental groups receiving roxadustat, 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1), or dimethyl sulfoxide and were given intraperitoneal injections every 2 days for up to 2 weeks. Four days after the surgery, an 8-mm diameter full-thickness skin wound was created in the hind limb. The number of days required for wound closure and the percentage of wounds closed were measured. Skin samples taken at wound creation were evaluated by histological and molecular analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of roxadustat accelerated wound healing, whereas YC-1 delayed it, with a significant decrease and increase in skin thickness, respectively. The relative mRNA expression of <i>Hif1α</i>, <i>matrix metalloproteinase-3</i>, and <i>interleukin-6</i> was significantly higher in the roxadustat group and that of <i>metalloproteinase-9</i> was significantly lower in the roxadustat group compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Innovation: </strong>This study is the first to demonstrate delayed wound healing in a mouse model of hind limb lymphedema and the first to demonstrate the promotion of significant wound healing through the use of roxadustat.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Roxadustat exerts wound-healing effects and may promote the regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling <i>via</i> gene expression in hind limb lymphedema wound models.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"218-227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Surgical Scars with Fractional Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Laser: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Liang Chen, Han Xu, Qiu Yu Wang, Peng Chen, Lin Qi Wang, Xiao Ming Qin","doi":"10.1089/wound.2024.0213","DOIUrl":"10.1089/wound.2024.0213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Object: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the long-term effects of fractional carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser treatment with traditional therapy on surgical scars by analyzing and comparing observational indicators.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 116 patients who received scar treatment in our hospital, of which 58 patients received fractional CO₂ laser treatment, and 58 patients received injection treatment. The outcome measures comprised the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). The observation intervals occur at specific times. Evaluated at 6 months of follow-up, the outcome was blinded, on-site evaluation using the dermatological appearance scale (DAS) and visual analog scale (VAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the fractional carbon-dioxide laser (CO₂FL) group rated better than those in the injection group in the POSAS, VSS, DAS, and VAS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The therapeutic efficacy and patients' satisfaction of the research group were superior to those in the control group.</p><p><strong>Innovation: </strong>Scars following surgical procedures can be treated in a variety of methods, but there is no consensus on the best method. CO₂FL has exhibited safety and is more effective than traditional injection treatments for surgical scars. It is a worthwhile approach to consider in clinical treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that CO₂FL achieves more significant long-term results in surgical scars, including improved scar appearance, safety, and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7413,"journal":{"name":"Advances in wound care","volume":" ","pages":"208-217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}