Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research最新文献

{"title":"Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Individuals With a First-Time DUI Offense.","authors":"K. Osilla, S. Paddock, Colleen M. McCullough, Lisa Jonsson, K. Watkins","doi":"10.1111/acer.14161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14161","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Driving under the influence (DUI) programs are a unique setting to reduce disparities in treatment access to those who may not otherwise access treatment. Providing evidence-based therapy in these programs may help prevent DUI recidivism.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a randomized clinical trial of 312 participants enrolled in 1 of 3 DUI programs in California. Participants were 21 and older with a first-time DUI offense who screened positive for at-risk drinking in the past year. Participants were randomly assigned to a 12-session manualized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or usual care (UC) group and then surveyed 4 and 10 months later. We conducted intent-to-treat analyses to test the hypothesis that participants receiving CBT would report reduced impaired driving, alcohol consumption (drinks per week, abstinence, and binge drinking), and alcohol-related negative consequences. We also explored whether race/ethnicity and gender moderated CBT findings.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Participants were 72.3% male and 51.7% Hispanic, with an average age of 33.2 (SD = 12.4). Relative to UC, participants receiving CBT had lower odds of driving after drinking at the 4- and 10-month follow-ups compared to participants receiving UC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.37, p = 0.032, and OR = 0.29, p = 0.065, respectively). This intervention effect was more pronounced for females at 10-month follow-up. The remaining 4 outcomes did not significantly differ between UC versus CBT at 4- and 10-month follow-ups. Participants in both UC and CBT reported significant within-group reductions in 2 of 5 outcomes, binge drinking and alcohol-related consequences, at 10-month follow-up (p < 0.001).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000In the short-term, individuals receiving CBT reported significantly lower rates of repeated DUI than individuals receiving UC, which may suggest that learning cognitive behavioral strategies to prevent impaired driving may be useful in achieving short-term reductions in impaired driving.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78116244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic administration of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (S)-CR8 selectively reduces escalated ethanol intake in dependent rats.","authors":"S. P. Goulding, G. de Guglielmo, L. Carrette, O. George, C. Contet","doi":"10.1111/acer.14177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14177","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Chronic exposure to ethanol and other drugs of abuse can alter the expression and activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and its cofactor p35, but the functional implication of CDK5 signaling in the regulation of ethanol-related behaviors remains unknown. In the present study, we sought to determine whether CDK5 activity plays a role in the escalation of ethanol self-administration triggered by dependence.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We tested the effect of systemically administered (S)-CR8, a non-selective CDK inhibitor, on operant responding for ethanol or saccharin, a highly palatable reinforcer, in adult male Wistar rats. Half of the rats were made ethanol-dependent via chronic intermittent ethanol inhalation (CIE). We then sought to identify a possible neuroanatomical locus for the behavioral effect of (S)-CR8 by quantifying protein levels of CDK5 and p35 in subregions of the extended amygdala and prefrontal cortex from ethanol-naïve, non-dependent, and dependent rats at the expected time of ethanol self-administration. We also analyzed the phosphorylation of four CDK5 substrates and of the CDK substrate consensus motif.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000(S)-CR8 dose-dependently reduced ethanol self-administration in dependent rats. It had no effect on water or saccharin self-administration, nor in non-dependent rats. The abundance of CDK5 or p35 was not altered in any of the brain regions analyzed. In the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, CDK5 abundance was negatively correlated with intoxication levels during ethanol vapor exposure but there was no effect of dependence on the phosphorylation ratio of CDK5 substrates. In contrast, ethanol dependence increased the phosphorylation of low-molecular weight CDK substrates in the basolateral amygdala.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The selective effect of (S)-CR8 on excessive ethanol intake has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. Our data do not support the hypothesis that this effect would be mediated by the inhibition of upregulated CDK5 activity in the extended amygdala nor prefrontal cortex. However, increased activity of CDKs other than CDK5 in the basolateral amygdala may contribute to excessive ethanol consumption in alcohol dependence. Other (S)-CR8 targets may also be implicated. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81501510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic alcohol consumption, but not acute intoxication, decreases in vitro skeletal muscle contractile function.","authors":"K. Crowell, L. Laufenberg, C. Lang","doi":"10.1111/acer.14179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14179","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Skeletal muscle myopathy accompanying chronic alcohol misuse results in part from a decrease in protein synthesis typically observed in type II-rich muscles that leads to muscle weakness. However, there are a paucity of studies investigating whether the alcohol-induced weakness is intrinsic to the muscle or results primarily from the loss of muscle mass. The present study determines whether acute alcohol (ethanol) intoxication or chronic alcohol consumption decreases the intrinsic contractile function of muscle.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Adult male mice were randomly assigned to the chronic alcohol group or given a binge dose of alcohol, and contractile characteristics of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) determined in vitro.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The weight and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of the EDL were decreased in alcohol-fed mice. Maximum twitch and tetanic tension were also reduced, and there was a downward shift of the absolute force-frequency curve in alcohol-fed mice. However, no alcohol-induced changes were noted when these contractile parameters were normalized for the lower PCSA. Alcohol-fed mice demonstrated greater fatigability, and alcohol-induced decreases in post-fatigue specific twitch and tetanic force were independent of a decreased PCSA. Furthermore, post-fatigue recovery of muscle force over time was reduced. While alcohol did not alter the content of high-energy phosphates or oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V, it did reduce myosin heavy chain and troponin-T content. In contrast, contractile properties were not altered when examined 2 hours after binge alcohol.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These data demonstrate chronic alcohol consumption decreases isometric and tetanic tension development due to a reduction in muscle CSA, whereas the increased fatigability observed was independent of muscle mass. As none of the functional changes were produced by acute alcohol, which produced higher blood alcohol levels than chronic ingestion, our data suggest defects in intrinsic muscle contractility require sustained intake and appear independent of defects in basal energy production.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82813669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Year Incidence of Hospital-Based Emergencies Related to Acute Recreational Intoxication in Minors.","authors":"A. Sanvisens, Irina Sanjeevan, P. Zuluaga, Adrià Túnez, A. de Francisco, E. Papaseit, L. García-Eroles, R. Muga","doi":"10.1111/acer.14166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14166","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Alcohol or other drug (AOD) intoxication in minors is a public health challenge. We characterized underage patients admitted to an emergency department (ED) with acute, recreational AOD intoxication.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a 5-year (2012 to 2016) analysis of minors admitted to the only hospital-based pediatric ED in an urban area. Episodes of AOD intoxication were selected using ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes. Sociodemographics, substance use and clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and discharge dispositions were collected through the revision of clinical charts.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000A total of 266 admissions related to recreational AOD intoxication in 258 patients occurred during the study period. Among the 258 patients, 127 (49.2%) were men, median age 16 years [IQR: 15 to 17 years], and 234 (90.7%) of episodes were alcohol-related. At admission, 202/256 (78.9%) patients had a Glasgow Coma Scale ≥ 13 points, the median systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 109 mmHg (IQR: 101 to 118 mmHg) and 67 mmHg (IQR: 60 to 73 mmHg), respectively, and the median blood glucose level was 112 mg/dl (IQR: 99 to 127 mg/dl). Only 72/258 (27.9%) patients underwent urine screening (22/72 (30.5%) were positive for cannabis), and only 30/258 (11.6%) were tested for blood ethanol (median: 185 mg/dl, IQR: 163 to 240 mg/dl). There was a trend in admissions occurring early in the morning of weekend days, and 249 (96.5%) patients were discharged home the day of admission.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Though the severity of AOD intoxication seems to be mild to moderate, assessment of substance exposure is low and may underestimate polydrug use in underage populations.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81187693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Increases in Alcohol Problems and Alcohol Use Disorders in Offspring in the San Diego Prospective Study.","authors":"M. Schuckit, Tom L. Smith, D. Clarke, L. A. Mendoza, Mari Kawamura, Lara Schoen","doi":"10.1111/acer.14164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14164","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The 35-year-long San Diego Prospective Study documented 2-fold increases in alcohol problems and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in young-adult drinking offspring compared to rates in their fathers, the original probands. The current analyses use the same interviews and questionnaires at about the same age in members of the 2 generations to explore multiple potential contributors to the generational differences in adverse alcohol outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Using data from recent offspring interviews, multiple cross-generation differences in characteristics potentially related to alcohol problems were evaluated in 3 steps: first through direct comparisons across probands and offspring at about age 30; second by backward linear regression analyses of predictors of alcohol problems within each generation; and finally third through R-based bootstrapped linear regressions of differences in alcohol problems in randomly matched probands and offspring.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The analyses across the analytical approaches revealed 3 consistent predictors of higher alcohol problems in the second generation. These included the following: (i) a more robust relationship to alcohol problems for offspring with a low level of response to alcohol; (ii) higher offspring values for alcohol expectancies; and (iii) higher offspring impulsivity.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The availability of data across generations offered a unique perspective for studying characteristics that may have contributed to a general finding in the literature of substantial increases in alcohol problems and AUDs in recent generations. If replicated, these results could suggest approaches to be used by parents, healthcare workers, insurance companies, and industry in their efforts to mitigate the increasing rates of alcohol problems in younger generations.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87570436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired bidirectional synaptic plasticity in juvenile offspring following prenatal ethanol exposure.","authors":"Christine J. Fontaine, Cristina Pinar, Waisley Yang, Angela F Pang, Konrad E Suesser, James S. J. Choi, B. Christie","doi":"10.1111/acer.14170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14170","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of prenatal ethanol exposure (PNEE), and hippocampal structural and functional deficits are thought to contribute to the learning and memory deficits that are a hallmark feature of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs).\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000Sprague-Dawley dams were exposed to a liquid diet that contained EtOH (35.5% EtOH-derived calories) throughout gestation, and then PNEE juvenile (P21-28) male and female offspring were used for in vitro electrophysiological recordings. We examined long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD) and depotentiation in the medial perforant path (MPP) input to the dentate gyrus (DG) to determine the impact of PNEE on the dynamic range of bidirectional synaptic plasticity in both sexes.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000PNEE reduced the responsiveness of the DGs of male but not in female offspring, and this effect was no longer apparent when GABAergic signalling was inhibited. There was also a sex-specific LTD impairment in males, but increasing the duration of the conditioning stimulus could overcome this deficit. The magnitude of LTP was also reduced, but in both sexes following PNEE. This appears to be an increase in the threshold for induction, not in capacity, as the level of LTP induced in PNEE animals was increased to control-levels when additional conditioning stimuli were administered.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000These data are the first to describe, in a single study, the impact of PNEE on the dynamic range of bidirectional synaptic plasticity in the juvenile DG in both males and in females. The data suggest that PNEE increases the threshold for LTP in the DG in both sexes, but produces a sex-specific increase in the threshold for LTD in males These alterations reduce the dynamic range for synaptic plasticity in both sexes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75710633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functioning of Concerned Others When Adults Enter Treatment for an Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"C. Timko, Kathleen M. Grant, Michael A. Cucciare","doi":"10.1111/acer.14153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14153","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Poor functioning among Concerned Others (COs; family and friends of an individual with an alcohol or other substance use disorder) is a significant public health problem. The purpose of this study was to inform interventions for COs by examining potential correlates of three aspects of functioning: quality of life, mental health, and knowledge of how to handle problems related to their drinker.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This study collected data from 277 COs when their friend or family member (their \"drinker\") was entering treatment for an alcohol use disorder. Potential correlates were the drinker's substance use severity, the CO-drinker relationship and communication, and COs' coping and perceived stigma related to involvement with their drinker.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000In a summary analysis, only stressors in the CO-drinker relationship (the drinker's criticism, disagreement, anger, and demands) were consistently associated with poorer functioning as indicated by COs' poorer quality of life and mental health. In contrast, only COs' use of approach coping was associated with COs' knowing how to handle problems related to the drinker.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Because reducing both relationship stressors and the link between stressors and poor functioning can be achieved through CO and drinker education and intervention, these findings inform how to effectively support COs' goals for better functioning. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74807468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Dr. Mark Litt's Commentary.","authors":"R. Anton, K. Witkiewitz, Daniel E. Falk, R. Litten, D. Hasin, K. Mann, S. O'Malley","doi":"10.1111/acer.14160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14160","url":null,"abstract":"We wish to thank Dr. Mark Litt for his very thoughtful and comprehensive commentary (Litt 2019) on our body of work describing the potential use of the World Health Organization (WHO) risk drinking levels (World Health Organization, 2000) for judging success/efficacy in clinical trials generally, but in pharmacotherapy trials in particular. Importantly, Dr. Litt highlights the importance of this work for clinical practice. He rightly describes the issue that many clinicians face, the fact that many treatment-seekers do not desire complete abstinence, both because it is a goal that is difficult to achieve and because many social situations that involve alcohol can be difficult to navigate for non-drinkers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88673143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligence Test Scores Before and After Alcohol‐Related Disorders—A Longitudinal Study of Danish Male Conscripts","authors":"Marie Grønkjær, T. Flensborg-Madsen, M. Osler, H. Sørensen, U. Becker, E. L. Mortensen","doi":"10.1111/acer.14174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14174","url":null,"abstract":"Background Existing studies on intellectual consequences of alcohol‐related disorders are primarily cross‐sectional and compare intelligence test scores of individuals with and without alcohol‐related disorders, hence mixing the influence of alcohol‐related disorders and predisposing factors such as premorbid intelligence. In this large‐scale study, the primary aim was to estimate associations of alcohol‐related disorders with changes in intelligence test scores from early adulthood to late midlife. Methods Data were drawn from a follow‐up study on middle‐aged men, which included a re‐examination of the same intelligence test as completed in young adulthood at military conscription (total analytic sample = 2,499). Alcohol‐related hospital diagnoses were obtained from national health registries, whereas treatment for alcohol problems was self‐reported at follow‐up. The analyses included adjustment for year of birth, retest interval, baseline intelligence quotient (IQ) score, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, and psychiatric and somatic comorbidity. Results Individuals with alcohol‐related hospital diagnoses (8%) had a significantly lower baseline IQ score (95.0 vs. 100.5, p < 0.001) and a larger decline in IQ scores from baseline to follow‐up (−8.5 vs. −4.8, p < 0.001) than individuals without such diagnoses. The larger decline in IQ scores with alcohol‐related hospital diagnoses remained statistically significant after adjustment for all the covariates. Similar results were revealed when IQ scores before and after self‐reported treatment for alcohol problems (10%) were examined. Conclusions Individuals with alcohol‐related disorders have a lower intelligence test score both in young adulthood and in late midlife, and these disorders, moreover, seem to be associated with more age‐related decline in intelligence test scores. Thus, low mean intellectual ability observed in individuals with alcohol‐related disorders is probably a result of both lower premorbid intelligence and more intellectual decline.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82093679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amygdala arginine vasopressin modulates chronic ethanol withdrawal anxiety-like behavior in the social interaction task.","authors":"Kathryn M. Harper, D. Knapp, R. K. Butler, Cory A. Cook, H. Criswell, G. Stuber, G. Breese","doi":"10.1111/acer.14163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14163","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Chronic ethanol exposure induces neurobehavioral maladaptations in the brain though the precise changes have not been fully explored. The central amygdala (CEA) regulates anxiety-like behavior induced by withdrawal from chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure and the arginine vasopressin (AVP) system within the CEA regulates many anxiety-like behaviors. Thus, adaptations occur in the CEA AVP system due to chronic ethanol exposure which lead to anxiety-like behaviors in rats.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Chronic exposure to a low dose ethanol (4.5% wt/vol) induces anxiety-like behavior in rats. Wistar or Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a modified CIE or CIE while intra-CEA microinjections of AVP or a V1b receptor antagonist were used to elicit or block withdrawal induced anxiety. Additionally, AVP microinjections into the CEA were given 24 hours following 15 days of continuous high dose ethanol (7% wt/vol), a time period when rats no longer express anxiety. Chemogenetics was also used to activate the basolateral amygdala or deactivate the dorsal periaqueductal grey (dm/dlPAG) to elicit or block withdrawal induced anxiety.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000AVP microinjected into the CEA in lieu of exposure to the first two cycles of CIE was sufficient to induce anxiety-like behavior in these commonly used rat strains. The V1b receptor antagonist, but not an oxytocin receptor agonist, into the CEA during the first two withdrawal cycles suppressed anxiety. However, activation of the basolateral amygdala in lieu of exposure to the first two cycles of CIE was insufficient to induce anxiety-like behavior. AVP microinjection into the CEA 24 hours into withdrawal re-elicited anxiety-like behavior and deactivation of the dm/dlPAG reduced this effect of CEA AVP.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Taken together, this study demonstrates a role of CEA AVP and a CEA-dm/dlPAG circuit in the development of anxiety induced by CIE. Such information is valuable for identifying novel therapeutic targets for alcohol and anxiety associated disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81167132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}