Journal of trace elements and minerals最新文献

{"title":"Chemometric evaluation, source apportionment, and health risk analysis of natural spring water in Murree, outer Himalayas","authors":"Mavia Anjum ,&nbsp;Naila Siddique ,&nbsp;Hannan Younis ,&nbsp;Yasir Faiz ,&nbsp;Munib Ahmed Shafique ,&nbsp;Mahnoor ,&nbsp;Ansar Abbas ,&nbsp;Muzzamil Younas","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Contamination of water is a critical threat to human health at a global level. Water pollutants, such as heavy metals, can have adverse effects on the well-being of humans, animals, and the natural ecosystem of a region.</p></div><div><h3>Study Area</h3><p>Murree is the most visited tourist destination in Pakistan. The rural population of Murree uses natural spring water for drinking, household use, and irrigation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study assessed the elemental concentration of water from 20 natural springs in Murree using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy. Source apportionment and spatial distribution of heavy metals were assessed using statistical approaches such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, principal component analysis, and interpolation. The study assessed the quality of water for drinking and irrigation in Murree's natural spring water using the metal index, sodium absorption ratio, magnesium absorption ratio, percentage sodium, Kelly's ratio, and salinity hazard. The health risks associated with heavy metals were assessed by computing Average daily dose, Hazard quotient, Hazard Index, and Cancer Risk.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean concentration of metals in mgL^-1 varied in the following order: Ca (51.23) &gt; Na (22.3) &gt; Mg (16.26) &gt; Si (6.51) &gt; <em>K</em> (1.59) &gt; Se (1.17) &gt; Sr (0.48) &gt; Ba (0.209) &gt; Al (0.060) &gt; Li (0.015) &gt; Zn (0.005) &gt; Fe (0.0033) &gt; Ni (0.0032) &gt; Cr (0.001). Metal index was calculated for Al (0.3), Ba (0.29), Cr (0.024), Ni (0.14), Fe (0.004), Zn (0.002), Sr (0.07), Mg (0.32), and Ca (0.25), revealing low levels of metal pollution. The geology of the study area was identified as the primary source of heavy metals in the water. The estimated values of health hazards showed that ingestion is the primary exposure pathway, with children having a higher risk. The health hazards posed by the heavy metal contact from the waters of Murree are not alarming. Quality indices show that the irrigation water sourced from the natural springs is of satisfactory quality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study concluded that the spring water of Murree has low concentrations of heavy metals; their concentration is dependent upon the geology of the study area and is good for drinking and irrigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000806/pdfft?md5=c2bd617291a26907c4ee7a9174301f4c&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000806-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water hardness affecting glyphosate efficiency for weed control and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) yield production","authors":"Zeynab Alipour ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Panahpour ,&nbsp;Mani Mojadam ,&nbsp;Ali Gholami ,&nbsp;Navid Ghanavati","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The reduced use of herbicides such as glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine), as an effective method for weed control in the field, is an important goal, which may be achieved by using sustainable strategies for crop production. In the arid and semi-arid areas due to the use of ground water for crop production, water hardness may affect glyphosate efficiency, which is of economic and environmental significance.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives and Methods</h3><p>The objective was to investigate how water hardness (0 (W1), 200 (W2), 300 (W3) and 400 mg <span>l</span>^-1 (W4)) affect the efficiency of glyphosate (0 (G1), 100 (G2), 150 (G3), 200 g ha^-1 (G4)) (0, 75, 112.5, 150 g ha^-1 acid equivalent) on weed growth (<em>Convolvulus arvensis, Malva sylvestris</em> and <em>Cynodon dactylon</em>) and tomato (<em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em> L.) yield in the field using a factorial experiment on the basis of a complete randomized block design with three replicates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The single and the interaction effects of water hardness and glyphosate significantly affected different weeds (158 g weed weight for W2G1, and 25.3 g for W1G4) and tomato plant measured parameters. Increasing water hardness decreased glyphosate efficiency in controlling weeds, but it enhanced plant height. Higher water hardness increased tomato leaf area, however, higher glyphosate rates decreased it. Treatments W1G2 (1617 g plot^-1) and W1G4 (220.8 g plot^-1) resulted in the highest and the least tomato yield, respectively. At the highest level of glyphosate, W2 resulted in the highest tomato yield, compared with the other treatments. The highest and the least plant dry weight was resulted by W4G2 (232.7 g) and W1G4 (196.8 g), respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The proper concentrations of water hardness and glyphosate may efficiently control weeds and results in optimum tomato yield in the arid and semi-arid areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000764/pdfft?md5=f7e9affaafbfd27358dbee2c90176d83&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000764-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative protective activity of aqueous Zingiber officinale root and Theobroma cacao seed extracts on lead acetate-induced cerebellar toxicity in rats","authors":"Adaze Bijou Enogieru,&nbsp;Osagie Usman Idemudia","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lead has been associated with human activities since time immemorial and is reported to induce antioxidant and neurobehavioral impairments in animals and humans. The present study examined and compared the protective activity of aqueous <em>Zingiber officinale</em> root (ZO) and <em>Theobroma cacao</em> seed (TC) extracts against Pb-induced cerebellar toxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Twenty-four rats, divided into four equal groups, received as follows: 1 ml H₂O/day; 100 mg.kg^-1 body weight (BW)/day of lead acetate (Pb) only; 500 mg.kg^-1 BW/day of ZO and 100 mg.kg^-1 BW/day of Pb; and 500 mg.kg^-1 BW/day of TC and 100 mg.kg^-1 BW/day of Pb, orally for twenty-eight days. Afterwards, neurobehavioural tests were conducted and the harvested cerebellums were used for antioxidant enzymes activity, Pb and lipid peroxidation concentrations as well as histological evaluations, following the sacrifice of experimental rats.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Findings revealed significant neurobehavioural and antioxidant enzymes impairment, elevated levels of cerebellar Pb and lipid peroxidation, and microstructure alterations in the cerebellum of Pb-exposed rats. Although pretreatment with ZO and TC significantly attenuated these Pb-induced effects, ZO was more potent in its neuroprotective activity than TC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Taken together, ZO and TC can be further developed as novel neuroprotective agents against Pb toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000752/pdfft?md5=0c357d9ff6fd0234c75469d470eeaa28&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000752-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma volume is associated with micronutrient mass but not concentration in healthy US women of reproductive age","authors":"Sixtus Aguree ,&nbsp;Leigh A. Martin ,&nbsp;Alison D. Gernand","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Plasma transports nutrients and composes more than half of the volume of blood. A few prior studies suggest that plasma volume fluctuations may impact certain micronutrient concentrations. We hypothesized a slight negative correlation between plasma volume and micronutrient biomarkers throughout the menstrual cycle in healthy women of reproductive age (<em>n</em> = 45).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved three visits during one menstrual cycle where fasting blood samples were taken to measure biomarker concentrations for zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, iron, ferritin, retinol, and hemoglobin. A bolus dose of indocyanine green (ICG; equivalent to 0.25 mg.kg^-1 of body weight) was injected to measure plasma volume. The total circulating micronutrient biomarker mass was calculated using the plasma volume and biomarker concentration. We used Spearman's correlation and fractional polynomial regression techniques to assess the relationship between plasma volume and biomarker concentration and mass.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Plasma volume ranged from 1210 to 3520 mL. During all three visits, the correlation between micronutrient biomarker concentrations and plasma volume ranged from -0.05 to 0.10 (all <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05); However, there was a strong positive correlation between biomarker mass and plasma volume, ranging from 0.26 to 0.95 (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Five of the eight biomarkers examined (zinc, copper, magnesium, retinol, and hemoglobin) showed a correlation coefficient &gt; 0.70 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) between mass and plasma volume.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings indicate that biomarker concentrations are maintained across a range of plasma volume, suggesting that plasma volume may not be necessary to interpret micronutrient status in healthy non-pregnant women of reproductive age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000727/pdfft?md5=e328a88e7fd970187f3d1b20655327ed&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000727-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical manifestation and management of hypomagnesemia in Theileria spp. infected periparturient Malabari goats","authors":"G. Nithya ,&nbsp;Y. Ajith ,&nbsp;Varghese Raina ,&nbsp;Thulasi Thushar ,&nbsp;Sasi Adithya ,&nbsp;K．S. Athira ,&nbsp;P. Preena ,&nbsp;Hiron M. Harshan ,&nbsp;K．Justin Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Grass tetany or hypomagnesemia is a metabolic syndrome causing acute neurological manifestations in periparturient ruminants grazing on rapidly grown green pastures or cereal crops with high potassium or nitrogen content and low magnesium levels. Clinical reports of naturally occurring grass tetany in goats are least described in the literature and it is considered to be a rare disease. The present study documents the clinical manifestation and management of hypomagnesemia-associated excitatory neuropathy in two <em>Theileria</em> spp. infected Malabari goats presented to the small ruminant medicine OP unit of the University Veterinary Hospital and Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, India.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The first goat was in the last trimester of pregnancy and was showing signs of hyperesthesia, limping, difficulty in standing, and inappetence for the last six hours. The second goat was kidded six weeks back and was showing recurrent epileptic seizures and hyporexia from the previous day. Both the goats were kept on extensive grazing from the forest areas with unidentified lush vegetation. On clinical evaluation, both the goats were showing persistent excitatory neurological signs. Fecal examination, peripheral blood smear examination, PCR screening panel for hemoparasites, Complete Blood Count, and serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and glucose were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A significant reduction in serum magnesium levels was noted in both cases along with the varied glucose levels. <em>Theileria</em> spp. infection was noticed in blood smear examination and confirmed by PCR. The goats responded well to the therapy using MIFEX™ and other supportive medications and showed uneventful recovery.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is suggested that the farmers should be vigilant enough while allowing goats to graze in unknown vegetation and prevent indiscriminate fodder intake during periods of drought. This is the first documented report of hypomagnesemic excitatory neurologic symptoms in <em>Theileria</em> spp. infected periparturient Malabari goats and showing response to appropriate therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000776/pdfft?md5=ea3551b2b1cc80c0d5371197f8ba8355&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000776-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive- and memory-enhancing activity of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) aqueous extract in lead acetate-exposed rats","authors":"Adaze Bijou Enogieru,&nbsp;Bernadine Tana Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lead (Pb) exposure has been linked to reduced academic performance, lower IQ, cognitive and memory impairments, and other psychiatric conditions such as depression and anxiety. Natural antioxidants and dietary sources of phytochemicals, including <em>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</em> (CZ), have been investigated to possibly replace the current adverse reacting drugs used to treat Pb poisoning. Consequently, this study evaluated the activity of CZ against Pb-mediated neurotoxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Wistar rats were assigned into six groups (<em>n</em> = 8) namely: Control; Lead acetate (Pb; 100 mg kg⁻¹ body weight [BW]); CZ-pre-treated groups (CZ1 [200 mg.kg⁻¹ BW] + Pb and CZ2 [400 mg kg⁻¹ BW] + Pb); and CZ-only groups (CZ1 and CZ2). After 28 days, neurobehavioral, antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and Pb concentration levels, as well as hippocampal and cerebral histology, were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Findings showed a significant reduction (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in final body and whole brain weights, cognition, and memory impairments, dysregulation of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and elevated nitric oxide as well as high Pb concentrations in the hippocampus and cerebrum of Pb-exposed rats following comparison to the control and CZ pretreated rats. Histological findings revealed morphological alterations with vacuolated tissue architecture in the hippocampus and cerebrum of Pb-exposed rats while the rats pre-treated with CZ showed similar morphology to the control rats.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Altogether, the findings showed that CZ was not toxic to the rats but protected against Pb toxicity, mediated possibly through its potent antioxidant, nitric oxide scavenging, and metal chelation activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000740/pdfft?md5=6614671d6c0daa8be92d3b55240d32b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000740-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analysis of the essential metal contents in khat (Catha edulis Forsk) from Meru County, Kenya","authors":"Albert Morang'a Oyugi,&nbsp;Joshua Kiprotich Kibet","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chemical composition of plants has attracted considerable interest in recent years with considerable research tailored into determining metal contents in food substances. Particularly, essential elements which are necessary for normal human body functioning and are strongly recommended in optimal proportions for better health. This study determined the levels of essential elements; calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and manganese (Mn) in eleven khat (<em>Catha edulis</em> Forsk) samples collected from Meru County.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>1.0 g of dry ground khat samples were wet-digested in a solvent mixture of 10 mL of HCl, HNO₃ and 20 vol of H₂O₂ for 3 h at variable temperature of 50–90 °C and later reconstituted in 25 mL 0.05 <span><math><mrow><mrow><mtext>mol</mtext><mspace></mspace></mrow><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> HCl before analysis. The samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP AES) after acid digestion whereas Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to investigate elemental characteristics and determine the sources of essential metals in khat. In addition, Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was used to evaluate the relationships between the essential metals.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Spinach leaves certified reference material (CRM 1750a) was analyzed and the percentage recoveries (%) of 98.4 and 101.7 determined showing that the digestion method employed in this work had adequate accuracy. The validated method was employed for the analysis of all the khat samples. The analyzed metal concentration ranges (<span><math><mrow><mtext>mg</mtext><mspace></mspace><mn>100</mn><msup><mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) in fresh-weight basis per day of five metals were 160.9–267.3, 44.6–81.7, 2.0–3.0, 237.6–393.6, and 220.3 -349.0 for Ca, Mg, Mn, K, and Na, respectively. Both HCA and PCA results showed that these elements could be linked to natural soils and anthropogenic sources. PCC reported significant correlations between Na and K indicating they may have been derived from the same source. The daily metal intakes were below the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits implying no associated health risks for khat users.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Based on the findings of this study, the consumption of khat from regions of Meru County may be a potential source for essential elements required for human biological processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000739/pdfft?md5=4a3295a498fef5b584bce8ce5f7791cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000739-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentrations, sources and exposure to metals in dust from automobile mechanic workshops in Nigeria","authors":"Chukwujindu M.A. Iwegbue ,&nbsp;Cynthia A. Nnanna ,&nbsp;Ijeoma F. Ogwu ,&nbsp;Eze W. Odali ,&nbsp;Bice S. Martincigh","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dust is ubiquitous and humans are unavoidably in constant contact with it. Therefore, exposure to metal-laden dust from workplaces can be a serious threat to human health.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to assess the concentrations of nine metals, namely, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni Cu, Co, Mn, Zn and Fe, in dust from automobile mechanic workshops (AMWs) in urban and semi-urban areas of Delta State, Nigeria.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The dust samples were digested in aqua-regia and their metal content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The concentrations of metals (mg kg^-1) in dust from the AMWs ranged from 0.12 to 4.20 for Cd, 11.3 to 3900 for Pb, 9.05 to 45.3 for Cr, 0.35 to 345 for Ni, 170 to 56,400 for Cu, 1.05 to 31.4 for Co, 51.3 to 310 for Mn, 143 to 634 for Zn, and 70,900 to 258,000 for Fe. The pollution indices indicated that Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were the prominent contaminants in dust from the AMWs. Children's exposure to metal-laden dust from the AMWs could elicit adverse non-carcinogenic health effects. The carcinogenic risk values obtained for human exposure to metals in dust from the AMWs were above the safe level indicating possible induction of cancer or cancer-related illnesses. The sources of metals in dust from the AMWs are related to automobile emissions and discharges from vehicular components.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The activities in AMWs are potent sources of metals to the environment, especially Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Therefore, this study recommends regulatory control of activities conducted in AMWs so as to minimize widespread metal contamination and the consequent impact of metals in the affected dust on humans and the environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000715/pdfft?md5=cc9761780517123bf3b3d669bf007b83&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000715-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum zinc status of patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Amit Pal ,&nbsp;Namrata Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aaqib Shamim ,&nbsp;Isha Rani ,&nbsp;Aninda Dhar ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Tondolo ,&nbsp;Mauro Rongioletti ,&nbsp;Gianluca Rizzo ,&nbsp;Kalyan Goswami ,&nbsp;Rosanna Squitti","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Among the increasing number of cancer cases, colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are rising globally. The association of zinc in the neoplastic process of CRC is a major research avenue, yet the published reports have not provided any definitive conclusion.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We examined the association between serum zinc levels and CRC to test the potential of zinc dysregulation as a CRC susceptibility factor.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this systemic review and meta-analysis, we extensively searched EBSCOhost, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science as well as manual screening by subject experts for studies reporting serum/plasma/blood zinc levels in CRC patients and control subjects till 27th August 2023. Based on a random effect model, we estimated the mean difference in serum/plasma/blood zinc levels between CRC cases and control subjects. Subgroup differences and publication bias were also investigated, along with a critical appraisal of included studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighteen studies with 8330 participants were included. The difference in serum zinc between CRC patients and control subjects was –5.01 µg/dl [95 % CI: −21.76 to 11.74; <em>p</em> = 0.56]. Omitting a highly influential outlier study, made this difference statistically significant at –13.28 µg/dl [95 % CI: −20.66 to -5.90, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01]. The difference between study effects could not be explained by the difference in analytical methods for zinc assessment, or type of blood samples.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CRC patients had lower serum zinc levels. Some factors, such as different tumor grades of CRC, adenomas, and colonic polyps need to be further considered for a more conclusive association between serum zinc levels and risk for CRC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000703/pdfft?md5=e6608dee92e8b769fb2eb94c1d85689b&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000703-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-CaO as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification of Jatropha oil","authors":"Wisdom Chukwuemeke Ulakpa ,&nbsp;Cyrus Aseibichin ,&nbsp;Ohiri Augustine Chimezie ,&nbsp;Ayodeji Arnold Olaseinde ,&nbsp;Eyide Odeworitse ,&nbsp;Erhinyodavwe Onoriode ,&nbsp;Ijara Maryjane Adaeze","doi":"10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemin.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This research employs response surface methodology, specifically Central Composite Design (CCD), to optimize the process parameters for the effective production of biodiesel. Jatropha oil was utilized as the raw material to minimize expenses. A nanocatalyst was utilized as a solid catalyst, developed from CaCO₃ via waste snail shells, offering advantages such as recyclability and improved catalytic activity during a transesterification process. The developed nanocatalyst was analyzed using various techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). The BET analysis revealed a surface area of 5.1m²/g and the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) analysis provided insights into the pore volume and diameter of the synthesized nano-CaO, showing values of 0.002556 cc/g and 1.1 nm, respectively, indicating the presence of both microspores and active sites on the external surface of the nano-CaO catalyst. Biodiesel conversion was controlled by adjusting factors like the methanol to oil ratio, catalyst weight, reaction time, reaction temperature, and agitation speed. A quadratic model was established to explore the correlation between the independent variables and the biodiesel conversion rate. The results showed a maximum biodiesel conversion rate of 96.73% under the optimal conditions: methanol to oil ratio (6:1), catalyst weight (1.4 wt%), reaction time (60 min), reaction temperature (55 °C), and agitation speed (250 rpm). These parameters were determined through 32 experimental trials. The RSM technique yielded impressive results with a determined coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9834, adjusted R² of 0.8503, predicted R² of 0.8309, and a coefficient of variance (CV) 0.75%. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) findings, the model exhibits a high level of significance (<em>p</em>&lt;0.0001), which is less than 0.05 and F- Value 29.71.The study aims to enhance the yield and efficiency of the transesterification process, thereby increasing the overall production of fatty acid methyl ester from Jatropha oil. This innovative approach efficiently generates biodiesel from renewable resources, in a manner that is both environmentally friendly and maximizes the effectiveness of the process parameters. The evaluation conform that the quality of the biodiesel met the standards set by ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of trace elements and minerals","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773050624000685/pdfft?md5=4833565530de6c2838f980a87f5d217e&pid=1-s2.0-S2773050624000685-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}