Journal of psychiatry and brain science最新文献_第10页

Psychiatric Genetics, Epigenetics, and Cellular Models in Coming Years. 未来几年的精神遗传学、表观遗传学和细胞模型

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190012

Chunyu Liu, Stephen V Faraone, Stephen J Glatt

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on Measures of Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Negative Report. 鼻内催产素对精神分裂症患者社会认知测量的影响:一份负面报告。

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-09 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190001

Mary R Lee, Heidi J Wehring, Robert P McMahon, Fang Liu, Jared Linthicum, Robert W Buchanan, Gregory P Strauss, Leah H Rubin, Deanna L Kelly

{"title":"The Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on Measures of Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Negative Report.","authors":"Mary R Lee, Heidi J Wehring, Robert P McMahon, Fang Liu, Jared Linthicum, Robert W Buchanan, Gregory P Strauss, Leah H Rubin, Deanna L Kelly","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20190001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20190001","url":null,"abstract":"Social cognition is impaired in patients with schizophrenia and is related to functional outcome. Neither current pharmacologic treatments for psychotic symptoms nor psychosocial interventions robustly improves measures of social cognition. Given this, the development of adjunctive treatments to improve functional outcome is a rational approach to treatment research in schizophrenia. The neuropeptide oxytocin is a candidate to treat deficits in social cognition due to its prosocial as well as anxiolytic effects. We report here results from a randomized, double-blind, parallel group 3 week clinical trial with daily administration of adjunctive intranasal oxytocin (20 IU twice daily) (n = 13) or placebo (n = 15). We examined the effect of oxytocin administration on measures of 4 domains of social cognition, as well as social functioning. After 3 weeks of oxytocin/placebo dosing, there was no significant difference favoring oxytocin between treatment groups in any outcome measure. These results add to the body of literature examining the effects of oxytocin on social cognition in schizophrenia. Further study is warranted.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/27/nihms-1006205.PMC6485966.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37360085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Development of Alcohol Use Disorder as a Function of Age, Severity, and Comorbidity with Externalizing and Internalizing Disorders in a Young Adult Cohort. 在一个年轻成人队列中，酒精使用障碍的发展与年龄、严重程度以及外化和内化障碍的共病有关

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-25 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190016

John I Nurnberger, Ziyi Yang, Yong Zang, Laura Acion, Laura Bierut, Kathleen Bucholz, Grace Chan, Danielle M Dick, Howard J Edenberg, John Kramer, Samuel Kuperman, John P Rice, Marc Schuckit

{"title":"Development of Alcohol Use Disorder as a Function of Age, Severity, and Comorbidity with Externalizing and Internalizing Disorders in a Young Adult Cohort.","authors":"John I Nurnberger, Ziyi Yang, Yong Zang, Laura Acion, Laura Bierut, Kathleen Bucholz, Grace Chan, Danielle M Dick, Howard J Edenberg, John Kramer, Samuel Kuperman, John P Rice, Marc Schuckit","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20190016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20190016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As part of the ongoing Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism, we performed a longitudinal study of a high risk cohort of adolescents/young adults from families with a proband with an alcohol use disorder, along with a comparison group of age-matched controls. The intent was to compare the development of alcohol problems in subjects at risk with and without comorbid externalizing and internalizing psychiatric disorders.Methods: Subjects (N = 3286) were assessed with a structured psychiatric interview at 2 year intervals over 10 years (2004-2017). The age range at baseline was 12-21.Results: Subjects with externalizing disorders (with or without accompanying internalizing disorders) were at increased risk for the onset of an alcohol use disorder during the observation period. Subjects with internalizing disorders were at greater risk than those without comorbid disorders for onset of a moderate or severe alcohol use disorder. The statistical effect of comorbid disorders was greater in subjects with more severe alcohol use disorders. The developmental trajectory of drinking milestones and alcohol use disorders was also accelerated in those with more severe disorders.Conclusions: These results may be useful for counseling of subjects at risk who present for clinical care, especially those subjects manifesting externalizing and internalizing disorders in the context of a positive family history of an alcohol use disorder. We confirm and extend findings that drinking problems in subjects at greatest risk will begin in early adolescence.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":"4 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6919651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37471515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Preclinical and Clinical Sex Differences in Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Disturbances: A Narrative Review of Adiposity and Glucose Metabolism. 抗精神病性代谢紊乱的临床前和临床性别差异：脂肪和葡萄糖代谢的叙述性综述

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190013

Laura N Castellani, Kenya A Costa-Dookhan, William B McIntyre, David C Wright, Stephanie A Flowers, Margaret K Hahn, Kristen M Ward

{"title":"Preclinical and Clinical Sex Differences in Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Disturbances: A Narrative Review of Adiposity and Glucose Metabolism.","authors":"Laura N Castellani, Kenya A Costa-Dookhan, William B McIntyre, David C Wright, Stephanie A Flowers, Margaret K Hahn, Kristen M Ward","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20190013","DOIUrl":"10.20900/jpbs.20190013","url":null,"abstract":"Antipsychotic (AP) medications are associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic side effects including weight gain, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In the majority of clinical studies, females on APs are noted to gain more weight, and are more likely to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome when compared to males. However, the data is less clear when comparing sex disparities associated with other specific AP-induced metabolic risk factors. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated a role for AP-induced adipose tissue accumulation as well as whole body glucose dysregulation in male models that is independent of changes in body weight. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the susceptibility of males and females to changes in adiposity and glucose metabolism across clinical and preclinical models of AP treatment. It is important that future research examining AP-induced metabolic side effects analyzes outcomes by sex to help clarify risk and identify the mechanisms of adverse event development to improve safe prescribing of medications.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6760310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42167682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia: Digging Deeper to Identify Genetic Mechanisms. 精神分裂症的内表型:深入挖掘鉴定遗传机制。

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-03-13 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190005

Tiffany A Greenwood, Andrew Shutes-David, Debby W Tsuang

{"title":"Endophenotypes in Schizophrenia: Digging Deeper to Identify Genetic Mechanisms.","authors":"Tiffany A Greenwood, Andrew Shutes-David, Debby W Tsuang","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20190005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20190005","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychotic disorder that is highly heritable and common in the general population. The genetic heterogeneity of SZ is substantial, with contributions from common, rare, and de novo variants, in addition to environmental factors. Large genome-wide association studies have detected many variants that are associated with SZ, yet the pathways by which these variants influence risk remain largely unknown. SZ is also clinically heterogeneous, with patients exhibiting a broad range of deficits and symptom severity that vary over the course of illness and treatment, which has complicated efforts to identify risk variants. However, the underlying brain dysfunction forms a more stable trait marker that quantitative neurocognitive and neurophysiological endophenotypes may be able to objectively measure. These endophenotypes are less likely to be heterogeneous than the disorder and provide a neurobiological context to detect risk variants and underlying pathways among genes associated with SZ diagnosis. Furthermore, many endophenotypes are translational into animal model systems, allowing for direct evaluation of the neural circuit dysfunctions and neurobiological substrates. We review a selection of the most promising SZ endophenotypes, including prepulse inhibition, mismatch negativity, oculomotor antisaccade, letter-number sequencing, and continuous performance tests. We also highlight recent findings from large consortia that suggest the potential role of genes, particularly in the neuregulin and glutamate pathways, in several of these endophenotypes. Although endophenotypes require additional time and effort to assess, the insight into the underlying neurobiology that they provide may ultimately reveal the underlying genetic architecture for SZ and suggest novel treatment targets.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.20900/jpbs.20190005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37367534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Grant Report on PREDICT-ADFTD: Multimodal Imaging Prediction of AD/FTD and Differential Diagnosis. PREDICT-ADFTD的资助报告：AD/FTD的多模式成像预测和鉴别诊断

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20190017

Lei Wang, Ashley Heywood, Jane Stocks, Jinhyeong Bae, Da Ma, Karteek Popuri, Arthur W Toga, Kejal Kantarci, Laurent Younes, Ian R Mackenzie, Fengqing Zhang, Mirza Faisal Beg, Howard Rosen

{"title":"Grant Report on PREDICT-ADFTD: Multimodal Imaging Prediction of AD/FTD and Differential Diagnosis.","authors":"Lei Wang, Ashley Heywood, Jane Stocks, Jinhyeong Bae, Da Ma, Karteek Popuri, Arthur W Toga, Kejal Kantarci, Laurent Younes, Ian R Mackenzie, Fengqing Zhang, Mirza Faisal Beg, Howard Rosen","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20190017","DOIUrl":"10.20900/jpbs.20190017","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the ongoing project \"PREDICT-ADFTD: Multimodal Imaging Prediction of AD/FTD and Differential Diagnosis\" describing completed and future work supported by this grant. This project is a multi-site, multi-study collaboration effort with research spanning seven sites across the US and Canada. The overall goal of the project is to study neurodegeneration within Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, and related neurodegenerative disorders, using a variety of brain imaging and computational techniques to develop methods for the early and accurate prediction of disease and its course. The overarching goal of the project is to develop the earliest and most accurate biomarker that can differentiate clinical diagnoses to inform clinical trials and patient care. In its third year, this project has already completed several projects to achieve this goal, focusing on (1) structural MRI (2) machine learning and (3) FDG-PET and multimodal imaging. Studies utilizing structural MRI have identified key features of underlying pathology by studying hippocampal deformation that is unique to clinical diagnosis and also post-mortem confirmed neuropathology. Several machine learning experiments have shown high classification accuracy in the prediction of disease based on Convolutional Neural Networks utilizing MRI images as input. In addition, we have also achieved high accuracy in predicting conversion to DAT up to five years in the future. Further, we evaluated multimodal models that combine structural and FDG-PET imaging, in order to compare the predictive power of multimodal to unimodal models. Studies utilizing FDG-PET have shown significant predictive ability in the prediction and progression of disease.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6868780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47215936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Childhood Affective Indicators of Risk for Adulthood Psychopathology: The New York High-Risk Project Findings. 儿童期情感指标对成年期精神病理学的风险：纽约高风险项目研究结果。

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-06-05 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20180004

Diane C Gooding, Carolyn Zahn-Waxler, Sharee N Light, Clarice J Kestenbaum, L Erlenmeyer-Kimling

{"title":"Childhood Affective Indicators of Risk for Adulthood Psychopathology: The New York High-Risk Project Findings.","authors":"Diane C Gooding, Carolyn Zahn-Waxler, Sharee N Light, Clarice J Kestenbaum, L Erlenmeyer-Kimling","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20180004","DOIUrl":"10.20900/jpbs.20180004","url":null,"abstract":"There are relatively few investigations of the emotion expressivity of children at risk for the later development of schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Using data from the New York High-Risk Project, we compared children's emotional expressivity during a semi-structured videotaped interview. Data were coded for 173 child subjects: 61 with schizophrenic parents (HRSz); 54 with affectively ill parents (HRAff); and 58 with psychiatrically \"normal\" parents (NC). A child's affective responses were rated for the presence of discrete positive, negative, or neutral emotions by coders naive to group membership. Responses were also rated for anxiety, flat affect, inappropriate affect, and emotional withdrawal/disengagement. Compared with the two other two groups, HRSz children displayed significantly more negative affect in response to questions regarding their most negative experiences and, when questioned about their self-concept, they displayed significantly less positive affect. Both HRSz and HRAff children showed more inappropriate affect than NC children. Significantly more HRSz children were rated as demonstrating a lack of emotional engagement. Children making inappropriate displays of positive affect while discussing a negative topic were most likely to manifest a psychiatric disorder as an adult. These findings suggest that inappropriate affect may be a nonspecific indicator of risk for psychopathology. Emotional withdrawal in childhood may be a potential indicator of risk for schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6347378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36892069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Evidence for the Association between Schizophrenia and Breast Cancer. 精神分裂症与癌症相关性的遗传学证据。

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-08-08 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20180007

Jiajun Shi, Lang Wu, Wei Zheng, Wanqing Wen, Shuyang Wang, Xiang Shu, Jirong Long, Chen-Yang Shen, Pei-Ei Wu, Emmanouil Saloustros, Jenny Chang-Claude, Hermann Brenner, Xiao-Ou Shu, Qiuyin Cai

{"title":"Genetic Evidence for the Association between Schizophrenia and Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jiajun Shi, Lang Wu, Wei Zheng, Wanqing Wen, Shuyang Wang, Xiang Shu, Jirong Long, Chen-Yang Shen, Pei-Ei Wu, Emmanouil Saloustros, Jenny Chang-Claude, Hermann Brenner, Xiao-Ou Shu, Qiuyin Cai","doi":"10.20900/jpbs.20180007","DOIUrl":"10.20900/jpbs.20180007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To estimate the potential effect of schizophrenia on breast cancer risk in women, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.Methods: The instrumental variables comprised 170 uncorrelated and non-pleiotropic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are significantly associated with schizophrenia risk in genome-wide association studies in 105,000 European descent individuals of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (http://www.med.unc.edu/pgc/) and the United Kingdom Clozapine Clinic. The association between these SNPs determined schizophrenia and breast cancer risk was estimated in approximately 229,000 European descent females from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium using the inverse-variance weighted and the weighted median MR methods.Results: We found that the genetically-predicted risk of schizophrenia was associated with increased breast cancer risk (under a random-effects model: odds ratio per 1 unit increase in log odds of schizophrenia = 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.06, p = 5.6 × 10-5). Similar significant associations were observed in analyses using a weighted median model and sensitivity analysis excluding six SNPs with genotype imputation score of less than 0.8, as well as analyses stratified by estrogen receptor status of breast cancer.Conclusion: Our findings implicate a modest increased risk for breast cancer in genetically determined schizophrenic females.","PeriodicalId":73912,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatry and brain science","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6402491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37042128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science in 2021 感谢《精神病学与脑科学杂志》2021年审稿人

Journal of psychiatry and brain science Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20210023

引用次数: 0