Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine最新文献

{"title":"Long Term Follow-up of Lumbar Spine Annular Fissures","authors":"Faranak Rafiee, Shadi Asadollahi, R. Luna, M. Motaghi, M. Hoseinyazdi, Gary X Gong, D. Yousem","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500107","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Annular fissures are common in the lumbar spine; their natural history is not well-known. They typically are bright on T2W and show linear enhancement. We hypothesized that Lumbar Annular Fissures (LAF) rarely resolve over time and their imaging features are static. Materials and Methods: From 2011 to 2021, we evaluated patients who had more than one lumbar spine MR. We recorded LAF imaging features on T1W, T2W, and post-contrast sequences and the evolution of those findings over time. We also inspected the evolution of concomitant disc pathology. Finally, we reviewed the radiologic reports to see if LAFs were mentioned. Results: Of the 441 included patients, 238 (54.0%) had a LAF. Of these, 123/238 (51.7%) had more than one LAF (total 436 LAFs). 433 (99.3%) LAFs were bright on T2W; 3 LAFs enhanced but were not bright on T2W. In follow up, (mean 621 days, SD 951 days), 145/436 (33.3%) LAFs changed in T2W signal intensity; 62.8% showed less hyperintensity on T2W, 7 resolved completely. Of 65 gadolinium-enhanced cases, 53 (81.5%) LAFs enhanced; that enhancement persisted in 85.4%. Bulges or herniations coexisted with LAFs in 388/436 (89.0%). With changes in signal intensity and gadolinium enhancement, the bulge/herniation often evolved. 15.8% of LAFs were reported. Conclusion: LAFs are prevalent (54.0%) but are under-reported. The vast majority are bright on T2W but that hyperintensity may change over time. Most LAFs enhance and do so persistently. Disk bulges and herniations coexist in 89% of cases and evolve with the LAFs. Clinical Relevance: The stability of T2 hyperintensity and gadolinium enhancement of LAFs over time implies that the age of the AF cannot be inferred unless it is newly appearing on a current study.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Ultrasound in Determining Proximal Humeral Epiphyseal Widening in Youth Athletes: A Case Series","authors":"Scott C Everett, Andrew L Alejo, Blake Boggess, E. Reinke, Cindy L. Green, E. Poehlein, Benjamin Boswell","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500109","url":null,"abstract":"Exposing children to numerous radiographs in order to diagnose various musculoskeletal injuries is not ideal due to the deleterious side effects of ionizing radiation on growth plates. In particular, Little Leaguer’s Shoulder is a common pediatric and adolescent injury that relies mainly on radiographs in order to recognize and treat. Thus, if other imaging modalities without ionizing radiation, such as ultrasound, can be shown to be reliable and accurate in measuring humeral physeal width, it may serve as a better means of identifying these injuries. The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of two separate physician measures of proximal humeral epiphysis widening in children ages 12-16. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of ultrasound measurements of the proximal humeral epiphysis was calculated among twelve patients with open physes. Longitudinal measurements of the epiphyseal plate were obtained in three locations: just distal to the most lateral aspect of the acromion, 2 cm anterior to that line, and 2 cm posterior to that line with the same measurements repeated on the opposite arm. Measurements were then averaged for an overall width. Overall, no statistically significant variation was found when comparing epiphyseal plate width on dominant versus non-dominant arms. Ultrasonographic measurement of proximal humeral epiphyseal width shows narrow variability when used and interpreted by a sports medicine physician.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Fluorosis: A Risk Factor of Bone Fractures Among Adults in Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Heron Gezahegn Gebretsadik","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500111","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fluoride is a beneficial trace element. It is contained in the calcified tissues. Fluoride has a prophylactic effect against dental caries when absorbed in doses of less than 1.5 mg/day on the surface of the tooth enamel. It is also used as a therapeutic agent in adults for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis at doses of 15 to 25 mg/day. However, fluoride in high doses can cause skeletal fluorosis, which can lead to bone fractures. The effects of fluoridated water on the skeleton are poorly understood, but there is some evidence that prolonged consumption of highly fluoridated water increases the risk of bone fractures. This case-control study examined the association between skeletal fluorosis and bone fractures among adults living in Ethiopia's Rift Valley (fluoride endemic) region. Method: A case-control study was conducted among adult Ethiopians in February 2023 to investigate the association between skeletal fluorosis and bone fractures. The study aimed to determine whether skeletal fluorosis poses a risk for bone fractures. Three matched controls were chosen for every case, considering a 1:3 ratio. Spine radiographic investigations were conducted to determine possible skeletal fluorosis-associated morphologic changes among the study participants. Chi-square tests and odds ratios (ORs) were computed. The P-value was also calculated considering a degree of freedom (df) of 1. Results: Given the 1:3 ratio between cases and controls, the study included 9 cases (6 females and three males) and 27 controls. The cases were diagnosed with femoral neck fractures (n=2), callus fractures (n=2), distal tibial fracture (n=1), lumbar vertebra fractures (n=3), and calcaneal fractures (n=1). The age range of cases and controls was 38 to 69 years. Analysis revealed a statistically (p-value = 0.01) significant association between skeletal fluorosis and bone fractures. Five subjects (4 cases and one control) had a constellation of abnormal bony changes in the spine. The odd ratio (OD) and chi-square (χ2) were calculated as 20.80 and 6.27, respectively, while the 95% CI was determined as [1.904, 227.274]. Conclusion: This study revealed that skeletal fluorosis is a risk factor for multiple types of bone fractures among adults living in a highly fluoridated area in Ethiopia. However, more thorough studies need to be conducted with a broader study population to further determine the association between skeletal fluorosis and bone fractures.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Outcome of MIPO (Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis) in Distal Third Femur Fractures with Intra Articular Extension","authors":"Jantaj Singh, Rajkumar Aggarwal, Chandan Jasrotia, A. Dewan","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500081","url":null,"abstract":"Distal femur fractures include fractures of the supracondylar and intercondylar region. They account for around 3-6% of femur fractures. They occur both in younger patients (as the result of high energy trauma) or in older patients (from low energy trauma as pathological fracture secondary to osteoporosis or malignancy). Despite advances in implant design, the management of distal femur fractures remain challenging. Fracture comminution and intra-articular extension with severe soft tissue injury can make it difficult to obtain an adequate reduction while preserving the soft tissue attachments to bone fragments to allow for bone healing. This study was done to study the functional of MIPO (Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis) in distal third femur fractures with intra articular extension.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Religious and Conspiracy Beliefs on Disease Prevention: The Case of COVID-19 in Ethiopia","authors":"Heron Gezahegn Gebretsadik","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conversation with an Open Artificial Intelligence Platform on Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Treatment","authors":"Ishith Seth, Aaron Rodwell, R. Tso, John Valles, G. Bulloch, Nimish Seth","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500088","url":null,"abstract":"The Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (Chat-GPT) is an Artificial Intelligence (AI) platform that was made available to the public in November of 2022 [1]. This technology, which is capable of generating humanoid text, has been regarded as a tool that can reduce the workload burden of writing scientific journal articles while ensuring the academic standards of writing [2]. Its potential has been demonstrated through its acceptance for publication as an author in multiple journals, and even passing the United States medical board examinations [2-5].","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Biogenesis as a Therapeutic Target for Rotator Cuff Tendon Tears.","authors":"Armand N Yazdani, Arian Abdi, Parth Patel, Prathosh Velpuri, Vikrant Rai, Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500133","DOIUrl":"10.26502/josm.511500133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rotator Cuff Injuries (RCI) are highly prevalent and characterized by shoulder pain, restricted shoulder movement, and difficulty with overhead activity, radiating pain in the deltoid muscle, and atrophy of the rotator cuff muscles. Increasing age, hand dominance, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are common risk factors. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the underlying pathogenesis. RCI accounts for massive healthcare expenditure costing about $15,000 per repair, and over 4.5 million physician visits per year, however, there is still no therapeutic target to improve clinical outcomes. Mitochondrial biogenesis in response to inflammatory stimuli supports increased cellular energy requirements, cell proliferation, and differentiation. This suggests that mitochondrial biogenesis may play a role in healing RCI by serving as a protective factor against free oxygen species and promoting homeostasis within the rotator cuff. There is evidence highlighting the potential therapeutic benefits of mitochondrial biogenesis in various inflammatory diseases, but no study explored the role of mitochondrial biogenesis in rotator cuff tears. Since hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for RCI, we investigated the effects of hypercholesterolemia on the expression of PGC-1α, a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis, in rotator cuff muscle. The findings revealed an increased gene and protein expression of inflammatory mediators and PGC-1α, suggesting enhanced inflammation and increased mitochondrial biogenesis due to hypercholesterolemia. Additional studies are warranted to further investigate the chronic effect of hyperlipidemia induced RCI to elucidate the cause of insufficient mitochondrial biogenesis unable to protect the rotator cuff and the therapeutic effect of promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"5 4","pages":"442-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, Severity and Reversibility of Acute Kidney Injury after Elective Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in Patients Receiving Celecoxib Perioperatively as One of the Standard Multimodal Analgesic Protocols","authors":"Manson Tak Hei Chan, Timmy Chi Wing Chan, Henry Chi Yeung Mak, Will Shing Him Chan, Stanley Sau Ching Wong, Vincent Kai Chung Wong, Lewis Ping Keung Chan, C. Cheung","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) may complicate up to 10% of primary lower-extremity total joint arthroplasties. However, none of these previous studies evaluated the duration and reversibility of AKI. Moreover, none specifically evaluated the impact of perioperative celecoxib on the incidence and severity of AKI, especially for patients with preexisting renal impairment. This study was to retrospectively review the incidence, severity and duration of AKI with short term perioperative celecoxib. We also aimed to evaluate the impact of perioperative celecoxib on the incidence and severity of AKI in patients with and without preexisting renal impairment. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1077 patients at Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, from January 2018 to December 2021. Data were retrieved from the computerized medical records system. Results: One hundred of 1077 patients (9.3%) had postoperative AKI. Eight hundred eighty-eight patients (82.5%) were prescribed perioperative celecoxib, while 189 patients (17.5%) were not. The overall incidence of AKI in those taking perioperative celecoxib was 9.2%, while it was 9.5% in those not taking perioperative celecoxib. There was no statistically significant difference. There was no association between perioperative celecoxib and postoperative AKI. Among those who received perioperative celecoxib, the overall incidence of postoperative AKI in those with and without preexisting renal impairment (normal renal function test) was 9.3% and 9.2%, respectively. This was not statistically significant. The duration of AKI was 4 days for both groups. In both groups, most AKI cases were stage 1. Conclusions: Short term perioperative celecoxib probably had no additional AKI risk even in patients with preexisting renal impairment.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Radiological and Functional Outcome of Proximal Femoral Nail with Helical Blade versus Lag Screw in Intertrochanteric Fractures","authors":"Kamaldeep Singh, R. K. Aggarwal, A. Dewan, Chandan Jasrotia","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500078","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intertrochanteric fractures are defined as extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur that occur between the greater and lesser trochanter. These fractures occur both in the elderly and the young, but they are more common in the elderly population with osteoporosis due to a low energy mechanism. The female to male ration is between 2:1 and 8:1. Operative management of these fractures is considered urgent, not emergent. This allows the many comorbidities with which patients often present to be optimized preoperatively, to reduce morbidity and mortality. Aim and objectives: Aim of the study is to compare the radiological and functional outcome of proximal femoral nail with helical blade vs. proximal femoral nail with lag screw in intertrochanteric fractures. Materials and methods: Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study and randomly allocated in two groups. Group patients with intertrochanteric fracture were operated with proximal femoral nail using lag screw and group B patients were operated with proximal femoral nail using helical blade.","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Ultrasound-Guided Approach for the Management of an Anterior Paralabral Cyst of the Hip","authors":"Michael O. Bazzi, Michael A. Downing, David M Civitarese, James R Ross, J. Rothenberg","doi":"10.26502/josm.511500114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/josm.511500114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69349645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}