Journal of medical research and innovation最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of physician comfort in using pharmacogenomics data in clinical practice: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Prince Otchere, S. Pak, Edinen Asuka","doi":"10.32892/JMRI.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/JMRI.221","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Utilization of pharmacogenomics data in clinical practice is a critical step towards individual and precision medicine. This is a cross-sectional study conducted by incorporating several variables as outlined in the survey report to assess and analyze the reasons or behaviors that could influence clinicians to use or not use pharmacogenomics. \u0000Methods: In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional quantitative survey among primary physicians practicing in Kettering Health Network facilities. 1,201 invitations were sent out and 135 Physicians participated in the survey. Physicians were requested by email to participate in a survey containing 14 multiple choice questions regarding their understanding and beliefs regarding pharmacogenomics, as well as questions about specific professional details which were intended to explore how physician characteristics affected familiarity, and comfort and confidence in using pharmacogenomics data in patient care. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (standard version 25) was used for statistical analysis and consent was obtained from all study participants through the survey link. \u0000Results: The ratings of the familiarly, comfort, and confidence with pharmacogenetics were highly intercorrelated (r = 0.81-0.87).  Accordingly, we summed the three ratings to form a composite score of the three items; hereafter referred to as “scale scores”.  Possible scores ranged from 5 to 15, whereas actual scores ranged from 3 to 15 (Mean = 6.32, SD = 3.12). Scale scores were not statistically significantly correlated with age (r = 0.12, p < 0.17) or number of years in practice (r = 0.11, p < 0.22), and were only weakly (inversely) correlated with number of hours spent in patient care each week (r = -0.17, p < 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: In our study, physicians who had some education in the field of pharmacogenomics were more likely to use pharmacogenomics data in clinical practice. We have further characterized that continuing medical education (CME), more than medical education or residency training significantly predicts familiarity, confidence, or comfort in using pharmacogenomics data. Therefore, pharmacogenomics should be integrated in the CME for practicing clinicians as well as graduate medical education.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrate Partial Hydrolyzed Guar Gum in Postoperative Ileostomy Nutritional Management","authors":"C. Ho, A. F. Ahmad, S. S. Woo, Tharmasilen Selvarajoo, Norshariza Jamhuri, Zuliehaiza Kahairudin","doi":"10.32892/jmri.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.206","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This case report aimed to share our clinical practice about the Partially Hydrolysed Guar Gum (PHGG) incorporation in conventional ileostomy management. \u0000Case presentation: Patients A and B, who diagnosed with Diabetic Mellitus and Hypertension recto-sigmoid adenocarcinoma stage III, had high stoma output after anterior resection with covering ileostomy (more than 1200ml per day). PHGG was integrated into nutritional management and showed a positive effect in normalizing volume and the consistency of ileostomy stoma output. \u0000Discussion: Postoperative ileostomy patients often faced a higher risk for malnutrition among cancer patients. Persistent high stoma output without proper management could cause dehydration, depletion of magnesium and sodium, acute renal injury and malnutrition. High protein and high calories normal diet would normally be prescribed to postoperative colorectal cancer patients with an ileostomy. The addition of PHGG showed a positive effect in improving ileostomy consistency and output. \u0000Conclusion: The PHGG incorporation in the post-operative nutritional management for ileostomy revealed positive outcomes in consistency and volume of stoma output and nutritional intake.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42058287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrast media volume is significantly related to patient lung volume during CT pulmonary angiography when employing a patient-specific contrast protocol","authors":"C. Saade, Y. Ghosn, Ghina Alfout, M. Mahmoud, M. Rawashdeh, L. Karout, D. Ghieh, F. El-Merhi","doi":"10.32892/jmri.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.207","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between contrast media volume and patient lung volume when employing a patient-specific contrast media formula during pulmonary computed tomography angiography (CTA). \u0000Materials and methods: IRB approved this retrospective study. CTA of the pulmonary arteries was performed on 200 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). The contrast media volume (CMV) was calculted by employing a patient-specific contrast formula. Lung volume was quantified employing semi-automated lung software that calculated lung volumes (intellispace -Philips). The mean cross-sectional opacification profile of central and peripheral pulmonary arteries and veins were measured for each patient and arteriovenous contrast ratio (AVCR) calculated for each lung segment.  Mean body mass index (BMI) and lung volume were quantified. Receiver operating (ROC) and visual grading characteristics (VGC) measured reader confidence in emboli detection and image quality respectively. Inter and intra-observer variations were investigated employing Cohen’s kappa methodology. \u0000Results: Results showed that the mean pulmonary arterial opacification of the main pulmonary circulation (343.88±73HU), right lung; upper (316.51±23HU), middle (312.5±39HU) and lower (315.23±65HU) lobes and left; upper (318.76±83HU), and lower (321.91±12HU) lobes. The mean venous opacification of all pulmonary veins was below 182±72HU. AVCR was observed at all anatomic locations (p<0.0002) where this ratio was calculated. Moreover, larger volumes of contrast significantly correlated with larger lung volumes (r=0.89, p<0.03) and radiation dose (p<0.03). VGC and ROC analysis demonstrated increased area under the curve: 0.831 and 0.99 respectively (p<0.02). Inter-observer variation was observed as excellent (κ = 0.71). \u0000Conclusion: We conclude that increased CMV is significantly correlated to increased patient lung volume and radiation dose when employing a patient-specific contrast formula. The effects patient habitus is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42130502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive test score and 25-Year mortality risk; Does race matter?","authors":"S. Assari","doi":"10.32892/jmri.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.213","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Despite our knowledge on the effect of cognitive test score on subsequent risk of mortality, few studies have compared Blacks and Whites for this association. The current study was conducted on Black-White differences in the magnitude of the association between baseline cognitive test score and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States over 25 years. \u0000Methods: We used data of the Americans’ Changing Lives Study (ACL), 1986 – 2011, a national prospective cohort in U.S. The study followed 3,361 adults (2,205 White and 1,156 Blacks), age 25 and older, for up to 25 years. The independent variable was cognitive test score measured at baseline (1986) using the 4-item version of the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, treated in two different ways (as a dichotomous and as a continuous variable). The dependent variable was time to death (due to all causes) during the follow up period. Covariates included baseline age, gender, education, income, number of chronic diseases, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms. Race (Black versus White) was the focal effect modifier. We used a series of Cox proportional hazards models in the total sample, and by race, in the absence and presence of health variables. \u0000Results: Overall, cognitive test score predicted mortality risk. A significant interaction was found between race and baseline cognitive test score suggesting that baseline cognitive test score has a weaker protective effect against all-cause mortality for Blacks in comparison to Whites. In race-stratified models, cognitive test score at baseline predicted risk of all-cause mortality for Whites but not Blacks, in the absence and presence of baseline socio-economic and health variables. The results were similar regardless of how we treated baseline cognitive test score. \u0000Conclusions: In the United States, baseline cognitive test score has a weaker protective effect against all-cause mortality over a long period of time for Blacks than Whites. The finding is in line with the Minorities Diminished Returns theory and is probably due to structural and interpersonal racism.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41915558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omeprazole vs Lansoprazole in the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Mamoona Javed, Muhammad Hayder Ali, M. Tanveer, M. Tanveer","doi":"10.32892/jmri.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.204","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of omeprazole compared to lansoprazole in Gastroesophageal reflux disease patients (GERD). \u0000Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE (inception to December 2019) and CENTRAL (January 2011 to December 2019) was conducted to identify the relevant articles. A detailed inclusion-exclusion criterion was developed and implemented to screen the abstracts. Full texts of the selected abstracts were then assessed to establish their inclusion or exclusion in our review. Cochrane risk of bias criterion was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. All relevant data were extracted and the results were summarised narratively. \u0000Results: 9 studies met our inclusion-exclusion criteria and were included in this review.  In all three trials reporting on heartburn and regurgitation, both omeprazole and lansoprazole were found to be effective in relieving the symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation; however, there was no evidence that one is better than the other. Five out of six studies reporting on intragastric pH provided the evidence of omeprazole’s superiority over lansoprazole in controlling gastric pH. Omeprazole lowered intragastric pH faster and the results lasted longer compared to lansoprazole. The results were statistically significant. \u0000Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the clinical effectiveness of omeprazole and lansoprazole in relieving symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. However, omeprazole is more effective in reducing gastric acidity than lansoprazole.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48572041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroticism polygenic risk score predicts 20-year burden of depressive symptoms for Whites but not Blacks.","authors":"Shervin Assari, Arash Javanbakht, Mohammed Saqib, Hamid Helmi, Mohsen Bazargan, Jennifer A Smith","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black-White differences are reported in social, psychological, behavioral, medical, and biological correlates of depression. This study was conducted to compare Black and White older adults for the association between neuroticism polygenic risk score (N-PRS) and chronicity of depressive symptoms over 20 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data came from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), 1990 - 2012, a nationally representative sample of Americans above age 50. Current analysis followed 9,249 individuals (7,924 Whites and 1,325 Blacks) for up to 22 years. Depressive symptoms were measured every two years between 1992 and 2012 using the 8-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D-8). The independent variable was N-PRS. The dependent variable was average depressive symptoms between 1992 and 2012. Linear regression was used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pooled sample, higher N-PRS was associated with higher average depressive symptoms over the 20-year follow up period [b=0.01, 95%CI=0.00 to 0.04], net of all covariates. We also found an interaction between race and N-PRS [b=-0.02, 95%CI=-0.03 to 0.00], suggesting a stronger effect of N-PRS on 20-year average depressive symptoms for Whites than Blacks. Based on our race-specific linear regression models, higher N-PRS was associated with higher depressive symptoms from 1992 to 2012 for Whites [b=0.01, 95%CI=0.01 to 0.02] but not Blacks [b=0.00, 95%CI=-0.02 to 0.02].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Black and White older adults may differ in the salience of the existing N-PRS for depressive symptoms, which better reflects the burden of depression for Whites than Blacks. This may be because the existing PRSs are derived from mostly or exclusively White samples, limiting their applicability in other race groups. Racial variation in psychosocial, clinical, and biological correlates of depression needs further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7055662/pdf/nihms-1047863.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37705558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race, Educational Attainment, and E-Cigarette Use.","authors":"Shervin Assari, Ritesh Mistry, Mohsen Bazargan","doi":"10.32892/jmri.185","DOIUrl":"10.32892/jmri.185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although higher educational attainment lowers high-risk behaviors such as substance use, according to the <i>Minorities' Diminished Returns</i> theory, the effect of educational attainment may be smaller for Blacks than Whites.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore the racial differences in the link between educational attainment and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data. This national survey was conducted in 2017 and included 2,277 American adults composed of 1,868 White and 409 Black individuals. Educational attainment was the independent variable. E-cigarette use (lifetime) was the dependent variables. Age and gender were the covariates. Race was the effect modifier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the overall sample, a higher level of education attainment was linked to lower odds of e-cigarette use (OR = 0.76, 95% CI =0.61-0.95). Race showed a significant interaction with educational attainment on the outcome (OR = 1.63, 95% CI =1.04-2.56), suggesting a weaker negative association between high educational attainment and e-cigarette use for Blacks than Whites. In race-stratified logistic regression models, high educational attainment was inversely associated with risk of e-cigarette use for Whites but not Blacks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Educational attainment shows a stronger effect on e-cigarette use in White than Black Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7034862/pdf/nihms-1050575.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9700271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blacks' Diminished Health Returns of Educational Attainment: Health and Retirement Study.","authors":"Shervin Assari","doi":"10.32892/jmri.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Education level reduces the risk of health problems such as poor self-rated health (SRH), high body mass index (BMI), and depressive symptoms (DS). Marginalization - related Diminished Returns (MDRs), however, refer to smaller health benefits of socioeconomic status (SES) indicators particularly educational attainment for the members of racial minority groups such as non-Hispanic Blacks compared to the majority group (non-Hispanic Whites). It is not known, however, if MDRs also hold for middle-age and older adults over a long period of time.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The current study used a nationally representative data set to explore racial variation in the predictive utility of baseline education level on protecting people against poor SRH, BMI, and DS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this analysis were borrowed from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS 1992-ongoing), a nationally representative longitudinal study that followed 10,023 middle-aged and older adults (50+ years old) for up to 26 years. From this number, 1877 (18.7%) were non-Hispanic Black Americans, and 8,146 (81.3%) were non-Hispanic White Americans. Education level was the independent variable. We used cluster analysis to categorize individuals to low and high-risk groups (outcome) based on SRH, BMI, and DS over 26 years. Age and gender were the covariates. Race was the moderator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, high education level reduced the odds of poor SRH, BMI, and DS over the 26 years of follow up. Interactions were observed between race and education on all three health outcomes indicating smaller protective effects of baseline educational attainment on poor health over time, regardless of the outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In line with the MDRs, highly educated non-Hispanic Black Americans remain at high risk for poor health across domains, a risk which is unexpected given their education. The risk of all health outcomes, however, is lowest for non-Hispanic White Americans with highest education. Policies that exclusively focus on equalizing racial gaps in SES (e.g., education) may fail to eliminate the racial and ethnic health inequalities because of the racial inequalities in the marginal health return of education. Public policies must equalize education quality and address structural and environmental barriers that are disproportionately more common in the lives of non-Hispanic Black Americans, even at high education levels. Future research should test how contextual factors, segregation, labor market practices, childhood poverty, and education quality reduces the health return of education for highly educated non-Hispanic Black Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39885060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Varying Doses and Duration of Dietary Nitrates from Beetroot Juice on Sprint Performance in U.S. Army ROTC Cadets: A pilot study","authors":"M. Melton, J. Kandiah","doi":"10.32892/jmri.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.192","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Assess the effects of varying levels and duration of dietary nitrate supplementationfrom beetroot juice (BR) on sprint performance in army ROTC cadets. \u0000Methods: Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets were randomly assigned to oneof three treatment groups: control (CON); low beetroot juice dose (BR1); and high BR juice –BR2. For 0, 6 and 15 days nitrate consumption from BR groups were as follows: CON receivedone 16.9 oz. bottle of apple juice (0 mg NO 3 -); BR1 received one can of BR juice (300 mg, 4.84mmol NO 3 -), and BR2 received 2 cans (16.8 oz.) BR (600 mg, 9.68 mmol NO 3 -). One week priorto the study, each cadet completed body composition measurements, predicted aerobic capacitymeasurements, and nutritional analysis via two 24-hour dietary recalls. Differences in primarymeasures (distance covered in the Yo-Yo IR1) were analyzed with two-way repeated measuresANOVA tests both between groups (CON, BR1, BR2) and within groups (0, 6, and day 15).Descriptive statistics and frequency counts were run on all remaining variables with a one-wayANOVA or t-test, including maximal heart rate during the YoYo IR1, dietary compliance, dailyblood pressure, juice compliance, and conditioning work-outs \u0000Results: A dose-related enhancement with BR was observed; the data trended towardssignificance even in this small sample. A t-test revealed that there was a significant difference insprint performance by males and females overall at days 0, 6, 15 (p = 0.025, p = 0.005, p =0.004, respectively). \u0000Conclusion: A single (300 mg, 4.84 mmol NO 3 ) or double (600 mg, 9.68 mmol NO 3 -) daily doseconsumption of BR appears to benefit ROTC cadets in athletic performance. Daily consumptionof BR benefitted ROTC males more than females. Results suggest BR supplementation could beadvantageous for sprint performance when administered for a longer duration (> 15 days).","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44426388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we change autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes via insulin injection or oral insulin?","authors":"Muyun Cao","doi":"10.32892/jmri.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.196","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews recent immunotherapy studies of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) which is an autoimmune disease. Researchers show that injecting human proinsulin peptides can safely modulate the immune system and affect beta-cell function in Type 1 Diabetes, but oral insulin consumption does not reduce the onset of Type 1 Diabetes in individuals at the early stage of the disease.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42160547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}