Acta Veterinaria最新文献

{"title":"First Case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in Montenegro","authors":"Bojan Adzic, Sejla Goletic, Nikola Pejoviс, Andrej Vizi, Nikita Yolshin","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, is a highly infectious viral disease that affects birds, including wild water birds and poultry. The emergence and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains, such as H5N1, have raised concerns due to their potential to cause severe outbreaks and cross the species barrier, leading to human infections and global public health emergencies. In this study, we report the first case of HPAI H5N1 detection in Montenegro. Twenty-six carcasses of dalmatian pelicans were found in Skadar Lake, Montenegro, and the H5N1 subtype was confirmed through molecular testing in the samples from pelicans. The whole influenza genome was sequenced and belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b was determined.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tibial Plateau Angle Measurement in Dogs – Comparison of Three Different Methods","authors":"Anastasija Z. Todorović, Nikola E. Krstić, Dragan R. Žikić, Henri JJ. Van Bree, Ingrid Mlv. Gielen, Mirjana V. Lazarević Macanović","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to establish two new methods for measuring the tibial plateau angle (TPA): proximal tibial circle (PTC) as well as full tibial circle (FTC) method, and to test their reliability in comparison to the classical method (CM). Three radiologists implemented each method, and measurements were repeated three times. The results of consecutive measurements obtained by two observers had excellent reliability with an interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) greater than 0.9 for all methods, while measurements obtained by the third observer had good reliability for the CM (ICC=0.885) and PTC method (ICC=0.851). The results obtained by the three observers for all methods indicate good reliability for the PTC and FTC methods (ICC=0.848 and 0.880, respectively) and excellent reliability for CM (ICC = 0.909); the results of the different observers for each method were not significantly different. The significant difference resulting from the applied measurement method (ICC = 0.447 and P<0.01) was confirmed. Statistically significant differences were not found between the CM and PTC method (P>0.05), while differences between the PTC and FTC, as well as CM and FTC methods, were statistically significant (P<0.01). New methods for TPA measurements based on shorter tibial axes may be an alternative to a method based on the full-length axis. A high correlation between the methods indicates the precision of each of them. Newly established methods can be used when the tarsal joint is not included in radiographs or is affected by degenerative changes, making use of the classical method not possible.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of Antioxidative Activity of Broiler Muscles after Dietary Modulation with Selenium and Methionine","authors":"Malgorzata Korzeniowska, Bozena Kroliczewska, Wieslaw Kopec, Danijela Kirovski, Aleksandra Rajewska","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to compare the antioxidative capacity of broiler chicken breast and leg muscles after dietary modulation with selenium (Se) and methionine (Met). Free radical scavenging (ABTS, DPPH) and iron reduction (FRAP) activities were determined as the total antioxidative potential (TEAC), as well the enzyme activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in relation to concentrations of lipid peroxidation end products (TBARS). Analyses were performed on breast m. <jats:italic>pectoralis superficialis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>profundus </jats:italic>individually and together. The studied leg muscles included <jats:italic>biceps femoris, gastrocnemicus, iliotiobialis, peroneus longus, sartorius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus</jats:italic> and all leg muscles together. Flex broiler chickens were fed diets supplemented with 6.7, 8.2, 9.7 and 11.2 g DL-methionine/kg feed and Se as sodium selenite and selenized yeast at 0.26, 0.38 and 0.50 mg Se/kg. Greater TEAC and enzyme activities were observed in leg than in breast muscles. Selenium did not change TEAC in muscles sets, but improved antiradical capacity in the <jats:italic>pectoralis major</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>minor, sartorius</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>biceps femoris</jats:italic>. The highest level of methionine increased TEAC in individual leg muscles. Selenium and methionine at the highest concentrations increased SOD activity in the entire group and individual muscles, while Se raised GPx activity. In conclusion, the diet supplementation with selenium and high concentrations of methionine had a greater impact on the antioxidative potential of individual than the whole set of chicken breast and leg muscles. The positive effect of the studied diet modulation could raise the quality and extend the shelf-life of fresh chicken meat.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of New Radiographic Traits in Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD)","authors":"Scarlett Marešová, Mária Kuricová, Tomáš Lipták","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a polygenic, multifactorial developmental disorder of the hip joint. Hip laxity, an early characteristic of CHD, leads to degeneration within the joint due to mechanical injury. Definitive diagnosis can be achieved by x-ray examination. The aim of our study is to refine CHD assessments using a quantitative planimetry method. The measurement of the Norberg angle (NA) was found subjective and insufficient to measure hip laxity on the standard ventrodorsal projection, because extension of the pelvic limbs stretches the joint capsule and supports joint congruence. Therefore, we have decided to verify other methods of detecting CHD, which include measurement of femoral head coverage (linear and area coverage) and congruence angle (AoC). These parameters could provide us with relevant information about how well the head of the femur fits into the acetabulum and thus might help to assess CHD better, and identify affected individuals better. In our study, we included 122 x-ray images of 3 breeds of dogs of both sexes and at different ages 5.6 ± 1.8 years. The highest correlation was between both femoral head linear and both area overlap for Bavarian hounds. For Bernese mountain dogs it was between right NA and linear and area femoral overlap, between both femoral head linear and both area overlap. For German shepherd dogs it was found between both NA, between right NA and right AoC, between both AoC, between both NA with both femoral overlap and between both AoC and both femoral overlap on the same side.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Arsenic on Mouse Ovaries Over Three Generations","authors":"Anita Birinji, Dušan Lalošević, Željko Mihaljev, Kristina Pogrmić-Majkić, Anita Radovanović, Radmila Glišić, Marija Marin","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to measure the total arsenic content deposited in the ovaries of three consecutive generations of mice. The animals were treated with two different concentrations to determine whether histological changes were caused in the ovaries. The control group of mice received tap water, whereas the experimental groups were given different concentrations of dissolved arsenic (III)-oxide. The arsenic content in the ovaries in both experimental groups increased with each generation. The highest content was recorded in the third generation of the second experimental group. Between the two experimental groups in each generation, significant differences in the average number of <jats:italic>corpora lutea</jats:italic> and ovarian follicles were identified. Arsenic caused structural changes in the ovaries in both experimental groups in all three consecutive generations.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Prevalence of MecA and MecC Genеs in Coagulasе-Positive Staphylococci Isolated From Dogs with Dermatitis and Otitis in Belgrade, Serbia: A One Year Study","authors":"Isidora Prošić, Natalija Milčić-Matić, Nenad Milić, Andrea Radalj, Ksenija Aksentijević, Milica Ilić, Jakov Nišavić, Marina Radojičić, Vladimir Gajdov, Dejan Krnjaić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating global concern of antimicrobial resistance in human and veterinary medicine is exacerbated by the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for bacterial infections in companion animals. This study aimed to determine the distribution of coagulase-positive staphylococci causing clinical skin and ear infections in dogs and to determine methicillin-resistant isolates. A total of 78 staphylococcal strains were isolated from clinical samples taken from patients at the Dermatology Clinic at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Belgrade, Serbia. Multiplex PCR was used for species-specific identification, and <jats:italic>mecA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>mecC</jats:italic> genes were used to determine methicillin resistance, in addition to phenotypic determination, MIC values and detection of PBP2a. Out of the 78 samples analyzed, 65.8% were identified as <jats:italic>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</jats:italic>, 22.4% as <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic>, 7.9% as <jats:italic>S. coagulans</jats:italic>, and 3.9% as <jats:italic>S. intermedius</jats:italic>. Four <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> isolates exhibited methicillin resistance confirmed by cefoxitin disk diffusion, while five were confirmed with MIC testing and latex agglutination. <jats:italic>MecA</jats:italic> gene was detected in 29.4% of <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> and 30% of <jats:italic>S. pseudintermedius</jats:italic> isolates. These isolates were classified as methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>S. pseudintermedius</jats:italic> (MRSP), respectively. No isolates carried the <jats:italic>mecC</jats:italic> gene. This study provides insights into the prevalence of CoPS species and methicillin resistance in isolates from dogs. Continued surveillance is essential to monitor and understand the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine and the results of this study accent the need for establishment of a continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance program in the Republic of Serbia.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140155269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Molecular Tests in Diagnosing Ovine Brucellosis Caused by Brucella Ovis","authors":"Mladen Zelenović, Darko Marinković, Nataša Stević, Slavoljub Stanojević, Milan Aničić, Vesna Milićević, Olivera Valčić, Sonja Radojičić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Brucella ovis</jats:italic> infects sheep and causes a clinical or subclinical disease characterized by genital lesions and reduced fertility in rams, placentitis and abortions in ewes, and increased perinatal mortality in lambs. As part of this study, analyses were conducted on a sheep farm near Belgrade (Serbia). Of the serological tests, indirect ELISA was performed. A total of 94 blood sera were analyzed, 33 from rams and 61 from ewes. The results showed 23 (69.7%) positive findings in rams and 2 (3.3%) positive findings in ewes, with an overall prevalence of 25.4% bounded by a 95% confidence interval. Bruce-ladder multiplex PCR and Real time PCR were performed on 19 serologically positive rams and two serologically positive ewes. The results indicate a slightly higher sensitivity of Real time PCR compared to conventional PCR in diagnosing <jats:italic>B. ovis</jats:italic> from the reproductive tissues of rams. However, the differences in sensitivity between different nucleic acid extraction protocols were not significant. Most rams showed a positive PCR result in only one sample of reproductive tissue, suggesting the recommendation to take multiple samples from each animal. Further research is needed to bring the sensitivity of molecular tests in diagnosing ram epididymitis closer to the sensitivity of serological tests.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140154999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clearance of Trehalose Lyophilized Platelets in Mice","authors":"Mu-Young Kim, Hyun-Jung Han","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of stored platelet transfusion has emerged as an effective approach in the management of thrombocytopenia. However, the limited availability of fresh platelets in veterinary medicine due to the challenging storage requirements poses a significant constraint. Lyophilized platelets offer extended shelf-life and convenient storage options, enhancing their accessibility for thrombocytopenic patients. However, only a limited number of studies have examined the clearance and survival rate of transfused lyophilized platelets, particularly regarding the lyophilization technique utilizing trehalose as a platelet stabilization agent. The objective of this study was to assess the recovery and survival rate of trehalose lyophilized platelets within the circulatory system. To investigate these parameters, CMFDA-labeled lyophilized platelets were administered to mice, and their recovery and survival rates were analyzed. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the rapid clearance of lyophilized platelets from the systemic circulation. The immediate post-infusion percent recovery of labeled platelet particles was 42.7 ± 8.15 %. The average survival rates at post-infusion time points at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes were 28.2 ± 4.31, 14.5 ± 3.56, 5.1 ± 2.02, and 0.82 ± 0.57, respectively. The calculated mean half-life was 8.39 ± 0.44 minutes. The most pronounced decrease in labeled lyophilized platelet count occurred during the 30-minute timeframe immediately following infusion. Subsequently, over 99% of lyophilized platelets were eliminated after 60 minutes post-infusion. These findings indicate that higher dosages and more frequent administration of trehalose lyophilized platelets might be necessary to achieve a therapeutic effect comparable to that of fresh platelets.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acanthocheilonema Reconditum (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) in the Oral Cavity of a Dog in Northeastern Brazil: Case Report","authors":"Andrea Pereira da Costa, Thaliane França Costa, Suellen de Araújo Barbosa, Alcyjara Rêgo Costa, Ana Lúcia Abreu-Silva, Fábio Henrique Evangelista Andrade, Isabel Silva Oliveira, Rita de Maria Seabra Nogueira","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"An 11-year-old male dog presenting exophthalmia and perforation of the cornea of the left eye was seen at the veterinary hospital of the State University of Maranhão. Upon physical examination, irregularly shaped granulomas of crumbly appearance were observed on the dog’s tongue. The dog was sent for ocular enucleation surgery. The following tests were requested: complete blood count, serum biochemistry, hemoparasite investigation, chest X-Ray, echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, cytology and nodule histopathology. The blood count revealed neutrophilia, signs of anemia, increased total plasma protein and thrombocytopenia. Serum biochemistry and the imaging examinations showed normal results. The cytological examination on the tongue nodules showed microfilariae and the histopathological examination showed chronic glossitis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetic sequencing were performed on a blood sample, which made it possible to identify the species <jats:italic>Acanthocheilonema reconditum.</jats:italic> This is the first record worldwide of the occurrence of microfilariae of <jats:italic>A. reconditum</jats:italic> on tongue nodules. This finding serves to alert dermatologists and dentists regarding the need for a differential diagnosis for types of oral cavity lesions of unknown etiological origin.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) in Dog’s Hair as a Sign of Oxidative Stress – Preliminary Study","authors":"Nikolina Boić, Branimir Hackenberger Kutuzović, Davorka Hackenberger Kutuzović","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Various endogenous and exogenous factors influence the occurrence of oxidative stress in all organisms, as well as in dogs. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and the occurrence of oxidative stress can lead to changes in the structure of proteins, lipids, and DNA. The level of oxidative stress can be determined by measuring the end products of lipid peroxidation known as reactive substances of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) of which malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most important. The concentration of MDA can be easily measured in various tissues and body excretions, but also by a non-invasive method of hair sampling. In this research, we have collected dog hair in grooming saloons, fluorometrically measured TBARS levels and compared the obtained values with factors such as breed, sex, age, passive smoking, sterilization, and season. No significant difference between sterilized and non-sterilized dogs was observed. The intensity of lipid peroxidation differed between the sexes, dog breeds, status of smoking by owner and exposure to UV radiation.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}