Acta Veterinaria最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Markers in Canine Mammary Tumors","authors":"Luciana-Mădălina Gherman, Ekaterina Isachesku, Oana Zanoaga, Cornelia Braicu, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are one of the most common neoplasms in female dogs. Unfortunately, the current diagnosis often occurs in later stages, and there is a pressing need for more comprehensive data on treatment options to improve overall prognosis. Consequently, the early detection of these tumors is critical for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates. As such, biomarkers are essential for improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CMT, the reason for which further research is required to enhance our understanding of the disease. The most studied biomarkers for CMT are evaluated from serum and tissue samples using different molecular approaches and relate to proliferation and cell cycle. Several biomarkers were also described regarding cell damage, autophagy and apoptotic-related pathways, hypoxia, angiogenesis, EMT, invasion, metastasis or cancer stem features. Overall, biomarkers have shown the potential to be used as a tool for the early detection of mammary tumors in dogs. However, more research is needed to validate these biomarkers and to develop sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. In this regard, we aimed to review known biomarkers and their role in CMT comprehensively. We also encouraged further investigations of reliable biomarkers that could improve treatment outcomes and survival rates for dogs with this disease.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathomorphological and Meat Quality Alterations Connected with Wooden Breast in Broiler Chickens of Different Genotypes and Slaughter Ages","authors":"Antonija Rajčić, Marija Bošković Cabrol, Milica Glišić, Nikola Čobanović, Vladimir Tomović, Milica Laudanović, Slađan Nešić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined pathomorphological changes and meat quality alterations associated with Wooden Breast Myopathy (WB) in total of 192 broiler chickens divided into Ross 308 (n=96) and Cobb 500 (n=96) heavy hybrids at ages 42, 60, and 70 days. WB occurrence remained consistently high (>73%) across periods, peaking on day 70 (83% for Ross, 90% for Cobb). Cobb broilers had better production results and carcass traits parameters after day 42 and day 60 of the experiment (p≤0.05). Genotype did not affect WB occurrence or severity, while slaughter age influenced severe cases WB occurrence, increasing from 11.67% on day 42 to 36.67% on day 70 (p=0.003). The presence of WB was associated with higher ultimate pH, lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) of the muscle (p<0.0001), except on day 70. Physicochemical and color parameters were also influenced by slaughter age (p<0.0001). On day 42, drip loss (p<0.0001), cooking loss (p≤0.05) and shear force (p<0.0001) were affected by genotype. On days 60 and 70, the differences in water retention capacity were observed only between normal and severely affected breasts (p<0.0001). For each slaughter age severely affected WB had higher shear force compared to normal breasts (p<0.0001). Additionally, with the increasing slaughter age of broilers, drip loss, cooking loss, and shear force of the breast meat were increased (p<0.0001). The results obtained regarding the occurrence and severity of WB and its consequent meat quality alterations suggest that extended fattening is not recommended for poultry production.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Detection of Candidate Genes for Body Weight in Indonesian Cattle Breeds with Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS)","authors":"Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, Hartati Hartati, Mariyono Mariyono, Ronny Rachman Noor, Cece Sumantri, Endang Tri Margawati","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to detect candidate genes affecting economic traits in livestock. GWAS can detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all chromosome regions. This study aimed to determine the genetic markers for body weight by GWAS in native cattle breeds of Indonesia. The Illumina Bovine 50K BeadChip was used to determine the candidate genes in three mixed-sex Indonesian cattle breeds of Bali (16 animals), Madura (16 animals), and Ongole grade (13 animals). All animals were raised at the Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia breeding station. The GWAS was performed in pooled sample of animals (45 animals) with the general linear model (GLM) method using SNP markers with minimum allele frequency (MAF) values more than 0.05 by TASSEL 5.0. software. Therefore, the body weight of cattle at 1 to 3 years of age was collected for each animal for computing Manhattan plot graphics. This research found that <jats:italic>SUGT1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SF3A3</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>DSCAM</jats:italic> genes were detected as potential genetic markers for body weight in cattle breeds of Indonesia. The <jats:italic>SUGT1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DSCAM</jats:italic> genes were monomorphic in Bali cattle (<jats:italic>Bos javanicus</jats:italic>). In addition, both genes were significantly associated (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05) with the body weight of Ongole-grade cattle (<jats:italic>Bos indicus</jats:italic>) at three years of age. However, the <jats:italic>SF3A3</jats:italic> gene was significantly (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05) associated with body weight of Madura cattle (<jats:italic>Bos indicus</jats:italic>) at 2 and 3 years of age. In conclusion, the GWAS of pool animals reveals three candidate genes significantly associated with body weight in many cattle breeds of Indonesia. Further study to detect SNPs in candidate genes with sequencing method is essential to apply these findings practically.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Combined Hypothyroidism and Selenium Deficiency on Selenoenzyme Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Rats","authors":"Svetlana Milanović, Olivera Valčić, Danijela Kirovski, Darko Marinković, Sanja Vranješ-Đurić, Dragan Gvozdić, Ivan B. Jovanović","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) treatment and selenium-deficient diet on selenium and thyroid status of Wistar male rats were examined in this study. Wistar male rats (n =128) were divided into four groups: (1) control group – selenium-adequate rats fed a diet supplemented with 0.334 mg Na selenite/kg feed and received regular drinking water (Se+PTU-); (2) selenium adequate rats fed a diet supplemented with 0.334 mg Na selenite/kg feed and received a dose of 150 mg/L of PTU in drinking water, (Se+PTU+); (3) selenium-deficient rats fed a diet containing 0.031 mg Na selenite/ kg and received regular drinking water (Se-PTU-); (4) selenium deficient rats fed a diet containing 0.031 mg Na selenite/kg and received 150 mg/L of PTU in drinking water (Se-PTU+). After three and seven weeks of treatment, all Se – animals had significantly lower whole blood Se concentrations and GPx1 and GPx3 activities. PTU induced a significant decrease in T4 and T3 plasma concentrations after three weeks of treatment in both PTU+ groups. Furthermore, after seven weeks, the T3 level was close to its detection limit in Se – animals. A negative correlation was spotted between GPx activity and concentration of T3 after three and seven weeks. It could indicate an inhibitory influence of thyroid hormones on the expression and/or activities of GPx enzymes related to the available Se in conditions of systemic decrease of T4 concentration. This effect was particularly pronounced in Se – animals.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis in an Aborted Holstein-Friesian Fetus","authors":"Božidar Savić, Bojan Milovanović, Slobodan Stanojević, Branislav Kureljušić, Nemanja Jezdimirović, Aleksandra Fejsa Levakov","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of fibrous tissue in the liver, leading to liver dysfunction. While CHF has been documented in various animal species, it has rarely been reported in cattle. This report presents a case of CHF in an aborted Holstein-Friesian fetus. During the necropsy, the most notable macroscopic findings included an enlarged liver with an irregular “cobblestone appearance” on the surface and firm parenchyma, as well as moderate ascites. Histopathological examination revealed extensive hepatic fibrosis in the portal areas, accompanied by bridging fibrosis extending between portal tracts and bile duct proliferation within the fibrous tissue. Screening for infectious agents as the cause of abortion or liver lesions was unremarkable. The necropsy and histopathological findings confirmed CHF, constituting the first case described in Holstein-Friesian calves in Serbia. Further research is required to determine whether this condition has a genetic basis or is influenced by yet to be identified factors in Holstein-Friesian cattle.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella Enterica subsp. Enterica Isolated from Dog and Human Samples in Türkiye: The Case of Kastamonu","authors":"Elçin Günaydin, Pınar Mursaloglu Kaynar, Aslı Esener, İsmail Kul, Fulya Bayindir Bilman, Tuba Muderris","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is of great importance for humans and animals. Companion animals, particularly dogs, can be asymptomatic carriers of <jats:italic>Salmonella,</jats:italic> and thus have been ignored as a source of salmonellosis. They can also spread multidrug resistant <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> strains via dog feces, causing inconvenience in the treatment of human salmonellosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>enterica</jats:italic> isolates from collected dog feces belonging to dogs residing at the Municipal Dog Shelter, Anatolian Shepherd Dog Farm, and from blood, stool, and joint fluid samples from humans with symptoms of gasroenteritis, abdominal, and joint pain. In addition to this, the antibiotic resistance profiles of <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>enterica</jats:italic> isolates were examined. A total of 45 human and 11 dog <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>enterica</jats:italic> isolates were obtained. The 11 <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>enterica</jats:italic> recovered from dogs were identified as <jats:italic>S.</jats:italic> Infantis, <jats:italic>S.</jats:italic> Enteritidis, and <jats:italic>S.</jats:italic> Typhimurium, which correspond to serovars priotorized for human health. Almost all human isolates (42/45) and all dog <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> isolates (11/11) were found to be resistant to one or five, and one or four of the tested antibiotics, respectively, but not for CFZ, CAZ, CST in human and CFZ, CAZ, CST, ETP in dog <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> isolates. Common resistance profiles in dog and human origin <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> isolates were GEN/AMK, AMP/GEN/CIP/SXT, AMP/CIP, SXT. Exhibition of the common resistance profiles against antibiotics recommended in the treatment of human salmonellosis should not be ignored. Companion animals should be monitored for carrying <jats:italic>Salmonella</jats:italic> and spreading antibiotic resistant bacteria.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Use of Long-Term GnRH Agonist in Prepubertal Bitches: Effect on P4, E2 and Melatonin Serum Concentration before and During First Estrus","authors":"Vojislav Al Daghistani, Ljubodrag Stanišić, Miloje Đurić, Milan Maletić, Slobodanka Vakanjac, Branislav Vejnović, Vladimir Magaš","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0019","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the length of the contraceptive period after the application of deslorelin implant (4.7 mg) in juvenile, prepubertal bitches and assess the effects on the hormonal status (P4, E2 and melatonin), as well as on the occurrence of normal physiological estrus. Twelve crossbred prepubertal female dogs (4 months of age) were divided into the two groups, the treated group (DESLO) and control (placebo) group (C). Hormone assays, vaginal microbiological and cytological smears and the measurements of electrical resistance of cervical mucus were performed once in 3 weeks until the first signs of proestrus, and every day during estrus. GnRH implant significantly postponed time of onset of estrus (633 ± 30,38 days vs. 143.80 ± 52,30 days, P&lt;0.001). In estrus, DESLO group showed statistically higher E2 (34.58 pg/mL vs. 20.59 pg/mL, P&lt;0.001) and melatonin serum concentration (45.86 pg/mL vs. 18.85 pg/mL, P&lt;0.001) compared to the control group. The average P4 serum concentration had no statistically significant differences between groups. In conclusion, deslorelin implants do not cause “flare up” effect in perpubertal bitches, however, increase of E2 and especially melatonin serum concentrations show the need to explore the consequences and mutual influence of melatonin and deslorelin implants in the future.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the 1L-5-6L MGF110 Genes Influence on the Biological Properties of the African Swine Fever Virus (Asfarviridae; Asfivirus) “Volgograd/14c” in vivo","authors":"Mikhail E. Vlasov, Mariia V. Nefedeva, Dmitriy A. Kudryashov, Ilya A. Titov","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever continues to pose a global agricultural problem due to the absence of vaccine prevention and the high cost of anti-epizootic measures. This study examines the functional role of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) 1L-5-6L multigene family 110 genes <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Four clinically healthy Large White pigs were used in this study. Two groups of animals were inoculated with either the parental strain or the deletion variant, respectively. For subsequent challenge infection, the homologous virulent strain “Stavropol 01/08” was used. Blood samples were collected at specific time intervals. The ASFV infectious activity was determined by titration in porcine blood-derived macrophages. Virus-specific antibodies to the ASFV p30 protein were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed a significant difference in Ct values between samples from the two groups of animals. The determination of ASFV infectious activity in blood samples demonstrated the presence of the virus in animals immunized with the parental strain. The virus was not detected in samples from animals immunized with the deletion strain. The ELISA method demonstrated the presence of p30 protein antibodies in serum samples from 10 to 14 days after immunization with the parental strain, while no antibodies were detected in serum samples from animals immunized with the deletion strain. The properties of the ASFV recombinant strain “Volgograd/D(1L-5-6L) MGF110” were studied in an <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> experiment. It was found that the deletion strain does not reproduce in animals, unlike the parental strain.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Postmortem Finding of a Colloid Goiter in an American Black Bear (Ursus Americanus)","authors":"Georgi Stoychev Popov, Iliana Stefanova Ruzhanova-Gospodinova, Konstantin Bogdanov Aminkov, Georgi Ivanov Georgiev, Vasil Kostadinov Manov","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0023","url":null,"abstract":"The present case report aims to describe a postmortem finding of a colloid goiter, without obvious clinical signs of endocrine disease in a 30-year-old American black bear (<jats:italic>Ursus americanus</jats:italic>) from the “Zoo” in the city of Sofia, Bulgaria. A clinical examination due to a bad general condition was performed under anesthesia and a computed tomography was conducted. After the established irreversible spondylarthrosis changes the bear was euthanized. Postmortem, the thyroid gland was pathologically examined and typical findings for a colloid goiter were observed. Hibernating mammals such as the American black bear have been shown to enter a state of physiological hypothyroidism during hibernation. Hormonal signals from the thyroid gland have been suggested to be a key mediator of hibernation. From the presented case could be assumed that the captive life conditions and the prolonged life of the zoo bears may affect the function of their thyroid gland.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Pancreatic Ultrasonography and Vcheck cPL Rapid Test in Dogs with Suspected Acute Pancreatitis","authors":"Somkiat Huaijantug, Paranee Yatmark, Vitchayarat Itthichaiyasan, Sarunya Nuaengsri, Satinee Srithip, Pruksa Julapanthong","doi":"10.2478/acve-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of quantitative ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in dogs, as well as to examine the correlation between the results of ultrasound examination and the Vcheck cPL rapid test in dogs with suspected acute pancreatitis. A total of 37 dogs were included to the study – 15 healthy dogs and 22 dogs with gastrointestinal clinical signs which had at least 1 out of 3 criteria (vomiting, cranial abdominal pain and jaundice). Serum was collected to evaluate cPL level by Vcheck cPL rapid test. A score 0 implied the Vcheck cPL Rapid test result was less than 200 ng/ml. A score 1 implied Vcheck cPL Rapid test result between 200 and 400 ng/ml, and a score 2 more than 400 ng/ml. Ultrasound was performed in all dogs in order to investigate the pancreatic lesions within 48 hours and evaluate the level of pancreatitis by score from 0 to 2. The criteria for pancreatitis on ultrasonograms included enlargement or irregularity of the pancreas, hypoechoic areas of the pancreas and hyperechoic mesentery surrounding the pancreas. An ultrasound assessment of pancreatitis implied: score 0 when none of the criteria was present. Score 1 when 1–2 from 3 criteria were present, and score 2 when all of the 3 criteria were present. Correlation between Vcheck cPL Rapid test and pancreatic ultrasonography was examined. The results indicate that agreement of Vcheck cPL Rapid test and pancreatic ultrasonography had kappa values of 0.71 which are in the “moderate” agreement range. This means that both Vcheck cPL Rapid test and ultrasonography should be used in the diagnostics of acute pancreatitis in daily clinical practice. Additionally, quantitative ultrasound assessment can be helpful in distinguishing acute pancreatitis from normal pancreas.","PeriodicalId":7379,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141516558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}