Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis in an Aborted Holstein-Friesian Fetus

Abstract

Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of fibrous tissue in the liver, leading to liver dysfunction. While CHF has been documented in various animal species, it has rarely been reported in cattle. This report presents a case of CHF in an aborted Holstein-Friesian fetus. During the necropsy, the most notable macroscopic findings included an enlarged liver with an irregular “cobblestone appearance” on the surface and firm parenchyma, as well as moderate ascites. Histopathological examination revealed extensive hepatic fibrosis in the portal areas, accompanied by bridging fibrosis extending between portal tracts and bile duct proliferation within the fibrous tissue. Screening for infectious agents as the cause of abortion or liver lesions was unremarkable. The necropsy and histopathological findings confirmed CHF, constituting the first case described in Holstein-Friesian calves in Serbia. Further research is required to determine whether this condition has a genetic basis or is influenced by yet to be identified factors in Holstein-Friesian cattle.