{"title":"Experiences of Hospice and Palliative Nurses in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Sinyoung Kwon, Sujin Choi","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.4.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.4.245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the experiences of hospice and palliative care (HPC) nurses at inpatient hospice centers in South Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data collection was conducted through individual interviews with 15 HPC nurses using face-to-face interviews, telephone calls, or Zoom videoconferencing. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found that HPC nurses experienced practical and ethical dilemmas that reinforced the essential meaning and value of hospice and palliative care. The participants emphasized their practical roles related to compliance with infection prevention measures and their roles as rebuilders of hospice and palliative care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicate that inpatient hospice centers must mitigate the practical and ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses, consider establishing explanation nursing units, and provide education to support nurses' highlighted roles during the pandemic. This study can be used to prepare inpatient hospice centers and the nurses that work there for future infectious disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 4","pages":"245-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/6a/jhpc-24-4-245.PMC10180068.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10533281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decision Tree Model for Predicting Hospice Palliative Care Use in Terminal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Hee-Ja Lee, Im-Il Na, Kyung-Ah Kang","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study attempted to develop clinical guidelines to help patients use hospice and palliative care (HPC) at an appropriate time after writing physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST) by identifying the characteristics of HPC use of patients with terminal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted to understand the characteristics of HPC use of patients with terminal cancer through decision tree analysis. The participants were 394 terminal cancer patients who were hospitalized at a cancer-specialized hospital in Seoul, South Korea and wrote POLST from January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predictive model for the characteristics of HPC use showed three main nodes (living together, pain control, and period to death after writing POLST). The decision tree analysis of HPC use by terminal cancer patients showed that the most likely group to use HPC use was terminal cancer patients who had a cohabitant, received pain control, and died 2 months or more after writing a POLST. The probability of HPC usage rate in this group was 87.5%. The next most likely group to use HPC had a cohabitant and received pain control; 64.8% of this group used HPC. Finally, 55.1% of participants who had a cohabitant used HPC, which was a significantly higher proportion than that of participants who did not have a cohabitant (1.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides meaningful clinical evidence to help make decisions on HPC use more easily at an appropriate time.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"184-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/85/d1/jhpc-24-3-184.PMC10180062.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10181345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of the Nursing Practice Environment and Self-leadership on Person-centered Care Provided by Oncology Nurses.","authors":"Sun-Ui Shin, Hyun-E Yeom","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of the nursing practice environment and self-leadership on person-centered care provided by oncology nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 145 nurses who worked in oncology wards at eight university hospitals in Seoul, Daejeon, and Chungcheong Province with at least six months of experience. Data were collected using a self-administered survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, the t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis in SPSS version 26.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Person-centered care was significantly correlated with the nursing practice environment (r=0.27, P<0.001) and self-leadership (r=0.40, P<0.001), and the nursing practice environment was correlated with self-leadership (r=0.380, P<0.001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the nursing practice environment was a significant predictor of person-centered care (β=0.31, P<0.001), after adjusting for covariates including monthly salary, total clinical career, and the position of oncology nurses. Self-leadership was a significant predictor of person-centered care (β=0.34, P<0.001) after controlling for the nursing practice environment, along with covariates. The final model explained 18.7% of the variance in person-centered care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings emphasize the importance of the nursing practice environment and nurses' self-leadership for providing person-centered care in oncology care units. Educational programs to reinforce nurses' self-leadership and administrative support for nursing practice are necessary to improve oncology nurses' capability to provide person-centered care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"174-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/c5/jhpc-24-3-174.PMC10180058.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10236220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Advance Care Planning on Decision Conflict and Psychological Distress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Young-Ran Yeun","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Advance care planning (ACP) is widely understood to improve end-of-life care. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of ACP interventions on decision conflict and psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, KISS, KoreaMed, and RISS was conducted in November 2020. The study included randomized controlled trials. Data were pooled using fixed- and random-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies were identified that cumulatively included 1,548 participants. ACP interventions were effective in alleviating decision conflict (d=-0.53; 95% CI -0.83 to -0.23), depression (d=-1.22; 95% CI -1.71 to -0.74) and anxiety (d=-0.76; 95% CI -1.12 to -0.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACP interventions have significant positive effects on reducing decision conflict and psychological distress. A high level of bias was shown related to allocation concealment and blinding. The results of this study are expected to be useful for end-of-life care providers to improve the effectiveness of ACP interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/64/jhpc-24-3-144.PMC10180057.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10236224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of the Attitudes of Nurses and Physicians toward Palliative Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.","authors":"Ha Na Jung, Hyeon Ok Ju","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the attitudes of nurses and physicians toward neonatal palliative care and identify the barriers to and facilitators of neonatal palliative care, with the goal of improving palliative care for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the NICUs of seven general hospitals with 112 nurses and 52 physicians participating. Data were collected using the Neonatal Palliative Care Attitude Scale questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 12.5% of nurses and 11.5% of physicians reported that they had sufficient education in neonatal palliative care. In contrast, 89.3% of the nurses and 84.6% of the physicians reported that they needed further education. The common facilitators for both nurses and physicians were 1) agreement by all members of the department regarding the provision of palliative care and 2) informing parents about palliative care options. The common barriers for both nurses and physicians were 1) policies or guidelines supporting palliative care were not available, 2) counseling was not available, 3) technological imperatives, and 4) parental demands for continuing life support. Insufficient resources, staff, and time were also identified as barriers for nurses, whereas these were not identified as barriers for physicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to develop hospital or national guidelines and educational programs on neonatal palliative care, and it is equally necessary to spread social awareness of the importance of neonatal palliative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5c/80/jhpc-24-3-165.PMC10180060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10183289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of a Death Preparation Education Program on Death Anxiety, Death Attitudes, and Attitudes toward End-of-Life Care among Nurses in Convalescent Hospitals.","authors":"Eun-Yeong Chu, Sun-Hee Jang","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a death preparation education program for nurses working in convalescent hospitals on death anxiety, death attitudes, and attitudes toward end-of-life care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group, pre-test and post-test design. Among 53 participants, 26 were assigned to the non-equivalent experimental group and 27 to the control group. The program was performed in the formats of lectures, video-watching, group discussions, and sharing, and consisted of 10 sessions held twice a week, for 5 weeks (90 minutes per session). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, and the chi-square test in SPSS version 21.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences between the experimental and control groups were observed in death anxiety (t=7.62, P<0.001), death attitudes (t=-7.58, P<0.001), and attitudes to end-of-life care (t=-10.30, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was confirmed that the death preparation education program reduced death anxiety and had a positive effect on death attitudes and attitudes toward end-of-life care. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that specialized and systematic education that can increase the implementation and stability of death preparation education in various fields, including nursing, will have a positive effect on both hospice patients and members of society more broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"154-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f3/c7/jhpc-24-3-154.PMC10180056.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10236222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication at the End of Life.","authors":"Hideki Onishi","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>End-of-life patients experience physical, mental, social, and existential distress. While medical personnel provide medication and care to alleviate patients' distress, listening to and interacting with patients remains essential for understanding their psychological condition. The most important tool, though difficult to implement in practice, is end-of-life discussion (EOLD). EOLD has been shown to have positive effects on end-of-life treatment choices, achievement of patients' life goals, improvements in the quality of life of patients and their families, and the prevention of depression and complicated grief among bereaved family members. EOLD is not often undertaken in clinical practice, however, due to hesitancy among medical personnel and patients for various reasons. In order to conduct an EOLD, the patient's judgment, psychiatric illnesses such as delirium and depression, and psychological issues such as the side effects of psychotropic drugs, denial, and collusion must be evaluated. Open and honest conversation, treatment goal setting, the doctor's familiarity with the patient's background, and attentiveness when providing information are important elements for any dialogue. Meaning-centered psychotherapy was developed to alleviate the existential distress of cancer patients, and its application may promote EOLD. The future development of meaning-centered psychotherapy in practice and in research is expected to further promote EOLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/97/jhpc-24-3-135.PMC10180059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10181344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"End-of-Life Assessments and Communication for Dying Patients and Their Families.","authors":"Eun Kyung Lee, Hyae Yeong Jeong, Kyung Won Kim","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.194","DOIUrl":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.3.194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>End-of-life assessments aim to help dying patients and their families plan clinical interventions in advance and prepare them for a peaceful end of life, in which the patient accepts life and death, and the family accepts the patient's departure. It is important to assess whether death is imminent within a few days, because critical hospice care is provided intensively during that period. The following five changes constitute objective evidence of the end of life: diminished daily living performance, decreased food intake, changes in consciousness and increased sleep quantity, worsening of respiratory distress, and end-stage delirium. As subjective evidence, it is suggested that sensitive perceptions of experienced nurses and the feelings of family members caring for patients should also be considered. When notifying a patient or family members that the end of life is approaching, the members of the multidisciplinary hospice team must communicate with each other, share accurate information, and provide consistent explanations. They must also listen to non-verbal communication in an empathic and supportive manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 3","pages":"194-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/45/jhpc-24-3-194.PMC10180061.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10181342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yejin Kim, Shin Hye Yoo, Jeong Mi Shin, Hyoung Suk Han, Jinui Hong, Hyun Jee Kim, Wonho Choi, Min Sun Kim, Hye Yoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam
{"title":"Practical Considerations in Providing End-of-Life Care for Dying Patients and Their Family in the Era of COVID-19.","authors":"Yejin Kim, Shin Hye Yoo, Jeong Mi Shin, Hyoung Suk Han, Jinui Hong, Hyun Jee Kim, Wonho Choi, Min Sun Kim, Hye Yoon Park, Bhumsuk Keam","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.2.130","DOIUrl":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.2.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), social distancing and strict visitation policies at hospitals have made it difficult for medical staff to provide high-quality end-of-life (EOL) care to dying patients and their families. There are various issues related to EOL care, including psychological problems of patients and their families, difficulties in EOL decision-making, the complicated grief of the bereaved family, moral distress, and exhaustion of medical staff. In relation to these issues, we aimed to discuss practical considerations in providing high-quality EOL care in the COVID-19 pandemic. First, medical staff should discuss advance care planning as early as possible and use the parallel planning strategy. Second, medical staff should play a role in facilitating patient-family communication. Third, medical staff should actively and proactively evaluate and alleviate dying patients' symptoms using non-verbal communication. Lastly, medical staff should provide care for family members of the dying patient, who may be particularly vulnerable to post-bereavement problems in the COVID-19 era. Establishing a system of screening high-risk individuals for complicated grief and connecting them to bereavement support services might be considered. Despite the challenging and limited environment, providing EOL care is essential for patients to die with dignity in peace and for the remaining family to return to life after the loved one's death. Efforts considering the practical issues faced by all medical staff and healthcare institutions caring for dying patients should be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 2","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/9d/jhpc-24-2-130.PMC10180046.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10237252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiences of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions among Patients with Terminal Cancer.","authors":"Yoon Sun Kim","doi":"10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14475/jhpc.2021.24.2.97","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the life-sustaining treatment decisions of terminal cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on 10 terminal cancer patients who decided to withhold or withdraw from treatment were collected using in-depth interviews conducted from February 8 to October 30, 2019. Data were collected until saturation was reached and then analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, six thematic clusters were identified \"having complicated feelings\", \"making choices to protect everyone\", \"accepting and preparing for death\", \"feeling distress\", \"pursuing spiritual well-being\", and \"evaluating the new system\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When facing death, terminal cancer patients often made choices to protect their family and their dignity with uneasiness of mind when deciding to withdraw from life-sustaining treatments. Though many patients had accepted and prepared for death, they experienced distress about leaving children behind after death. They also pursued spiritual well-being to find peace after deciding to withdraw from life-sustaining treatment. In addition, participants evaluated the new system of policies pertaining to decisions on life-sustaining treatment. Thus, various approaches regarding acceptance and preparation for death, communication with family, hope, and spiritual comfort should be taken in educational interventions to assist terminal cancer patients as they decide whether to withdraw from life-sustaining treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73780,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hospice and palliative care","volume":"24 2","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/25/bd/jhpc-24-2-97.PMC10180048.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10182147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}