Journal of health monitoring最新文献

{"title":"Contextual factors in the surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in Germany: political, social and environmental indicators.","authors":"Laura Neuperdt, Oktay Tuncer, Rebekka Mumm, Susanne Jordan, Anne Starker, Kristin Manz, Stephan Müters, Christin Heidemann","doi":"10.25646/14104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25646/14104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The health of the population is shaped by political, social and environmental conditions - referred to as contextual factors in this paper - which influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and other non-communicable diseases (NCD). The article provides an overview of selected indicators for this topic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The indicators were developed based on a literature review and a multi-stage selection process, considering their relevance for the prevention of diabetes and other NCD as well as the availability of data. Available nationwide data were used for operationalisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six indicators were agreed upon: tobacco control, the consumer price index, food taxation and prevention expenditure in the area of health policy measures, the at-risk-of-poverty rate in the area of employment and social affairs, and use of means of transport in the area of built and physical environment. The time trends for these indicators are integrated into the NCD Surveillance of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and are presented on the web portal of the federal health reporting. The results for all indicators point to inadequate prevention measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Context indicators help to track changes over time in environmental determinants of health. As part of NCD Surveillance at the RKI, this topic will be continuously developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"11 ","pages":"05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generic health literacy of adults in Germany. Results of the Panel 'Health in Germany' 2024.","authors":"Susanne Jordan, Simon Löbl","doi":"10.25646/14016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25646/14016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generic health literacy (HL) encompasses cross-thematic and cross-contextual skills, motivation and knowledge in dealing with health information. Low HL is associated with higher healthcare needs and unfavourable health behaviours.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from the RKI Panel 2024 (n = 26,817) will be used to provide a current overview of HL among adults. HL was measured using the HLS₁₉-Q12. Weighted analyses were stratified by gender, age and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>81.3 % of women and 81.0 % of men have lower HL. With increasing age, the proportion of women with lower HL tends to decrease up to the 65 - 79 age group, whereas this trend is not observed in men. The group with high education has the lowest proportion of lower HL in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate a substantial need for action promoting HL. This should not primarily focus on individual capabilities, but rather, services and structures should be designed in a way that enables health-literate behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"11 ","pages":"04"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination and Health: Results of the Panel 'Health in Germany' 2024.","authors":"Carmen Koschollek, Marleen Bug, Susanne Bartig, Kathleen Pöge, Caroline Cohrdes, Claudia Hövener, Katja Kajikhina, Jens Hoebel","doi":"10.25646/13912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25646/13912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Discrimination is prohibited by law in specific contexts. Nevertheless, it does occur and may seriously impact health. This contribution analyses social differences regarding the prevalence of experiences of discrimination and its associations with health among adults living in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analyses are based on the population-based panel 'Health in Germany' conducted by the Robert Koch Institute. Participants were asked about experiences of everyday discrimination and possible reasons for these experiences. The frequency of experiencing everyday discrimination as well as the occurrence of multiple discrimination were examined for different social groups. Associations between experiences of discrimination and self-rated general as well as mental health were investigated using Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Everyday and multiple discrimination is reported more often by younger, trans or gender diverse persons as well as from people in socioeconomically disadvantaged situations and migrants. The frequency of experiencing everyday and multiple discrimination is associated with progressively worse self-rated general and mental health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discrimination is a relevant social determinant of health. The results corroborate the approach of the World Health Organization to reduce and overcome discrimination as a central field of action to foster health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"11 ","pages":"03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147635188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID in adults - a current review of the long-term health effects following SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Julia Nübel, Ann-Kristin Beyer, Lisa Kümpel, Grit Eckert, Dinara Yessimova, Katharina Heldt, Agata Mikolajewska, Giselle Sarganas","doi":"10.25646/13622","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term health effects associated with SARS-CoV-2 pose major challenges for public health and health research worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on an ongoing literature review, a narrative review (as of June 2025) on the epidemiology and public health implications of long COVID in adults was compiled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to population-based, controlled studies, long COVID symptoms occur with a frequency of approximately 10 to 15 % in adults infected with SARS-CoV-2. In addition to COVID-19 vaccination status and virus variant, the risk of experiencing long COVID symptoms is primarily influenced by pre-existing health conditions and sociodemographic factors. In most affected individuals, long COVID symptoms resolve within a year. Particularly multiple and prolonged symptoms can be associated with significant impairments in quality of life, everyday functioning and social participation, as well as an increased need for healthcare. In addition, there is growing evidence of an infection-associated increase in newly diagnosed symptom complexes, organ damage and chronic diseases, contributing to the ongoing public health relevance of long COVID.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long COVID is not only a major burden for those affected and their families, but also has unpredictable long-term consequences for public health and the healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"11 ","pages":"02"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13007414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived health risks from paid work in Germany in 2014/2015 and 2024.","authors":"Florian Beese, Stephan Müters, Ronny Kuhnert, Nico Dragano, Jens Hoebel","doi":"10.25646/13635","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paid work can have a significant impact on employees' health. This article describes the perceived health risks associated with paid work in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from full-time and part-time employed persons aged 18 to 64 from the GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS study (6,782 women; 6,170 men) and the 2024 'Health in Germany' panel (10,634 women; 8,907 men) were analysed. The perceived health risk posed by paid work was measured using a four-point Likert scale and evaluated on an age-standardised basis by gender and level of qualification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately one quarter of the working population reported a high or very high health risk from their paid work in both survey periods. Among women, the prevalence in 2024 was higher than around ten years earlier. The highest prevalence was found among men with a low level of qualification.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Working conditions remain key entry points for prevention and health promotion - also with regard to health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"11 1","pages":"01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health monitoring at the Robert Koch Institute - Effects of a change in study design on sample composition and prevalence estimates due to the start of the 'Health in Germany' Panel.","authors":"Elvira Mauz, Felicitas Vogelgesang, Stefan Damerow, Anja Schienkiewitz, Niels Michalski, Beate Gaertner, Jennifer Allen, Jens Baumert, Yong Du, Ronny Kuhnert, Johannes Lemcke, Ramona Scheufele, Angelika Schaffrath Rosario","doi":"10.25646/13567","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Robert Koch Institute (RKI) continuously monitors key health indicators in the general population by collecting data repeatedly. As changes in survey design can affect prevalence estimates and thus make interpreting trends difficult, the launch of the RKI Panel 'Health in Germany' was accompanied by a methodological study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The RKI Panel is based on a random sample drawn from population registers. The survey is self-administered in written format (online or paper). The composition of the sample, prevalence estimates and response behaviour were then compared with data collected in parallel in the GEDA 2024 telephone survey. Data from previous surveys were included in the modelling to quantify method-related differences in prevalence estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RKI Panel 2024 was more successful in representing young adults, the elderly and individuals with low levels of education. The prevalence estimates differ significantly from GEDA 2024 in some cases, particularly for mental health indicators and their associated factors. The RKI Panel includes more older adults with limited physical health, while in young adults more participants with poorer mental health are present. Despite method-related differences in prevalence, modelling can usually be used to assess trends.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RKI Panel provides a more realistic representation of the German population than previous telephone surveys. The differences in prevalence are due to effects of the survey mode, questionnaire design, and changes in sample composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"10 4","pages":"e13567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Background and Methodology of the 2024 annual survey from the panel 'Health in Germany' by the Robert Koch Institute.","authors":"Johannes Lemcke, Stefan Damerow, Tim Kuttig, Ilter Öztürk, Stefan Albrecht, Tobias Heller, Sabine Born, Matthias Wetzstein, Jennifer Allen","doi":"10.25646/13572","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the RKI's new data collection infrastructure, the RKI Panel 'Health in Germany' offers the opportunity to regularly collect primary data on topics relevant to public health among the population in Germany (survey mode: online - CAWI and written - PAPI). This article presents the participation rates for the sub-waves and the composition of the sample. It also describes the special features of the 2024 annual survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2024 annual survey followed on from the initial recruitment study of the RKI panel. For this survey wave, the registered panel participants were surveyed in three sub-waves with four different questionnaires on different topics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participation rates between 81.3 % and 75.3 % were achieved in the three sub-waves of the 2024 annual survey. In the first sub-wave, 38,212 people participated, and in the second, 36,134 interviews were conducted. The third and final sub-wave comprised 35,786 interviews.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 2024 annual survey provides a comprehensive data basis for various public health-related issues. The following topics are covered: physical and mental health, use of healthcare services, health-related behaviour, health literacy, social conditions, and the relationship between climate change and health. The data refer to the German resident population aged 18 and over.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"10 4","pages":"e13572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive and anxiety symptoms among adults in Germany: Results from the RKI Panel 'Health in Germany' 2024.","authors":"Lena Walther, Felicitas Vogelgesang, Angelika Schaffrath Rosario, Christina Kersjes, Julia Thom, Diana Peitz, Florian Beese, Heike Hölling, Elvira Mauz","doi":"10.25646/13573","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telephone surveys show a decline in the mental health of adults in Germany between 2020 and 2023. For 2024, results from the Robert Koch Institute's new panel 'Health in Germany' on depressive and anxiety symptoms are presented and contextualised within existing time series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from n = 27,102 participants surveyed online or on paper, prevalences were estimated and subgroup differences were examined. Trends for 2014 - 2024 were modelled taking into account methodological discontinuities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2024, an estimated 22 % of adults showed depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and 14 % showed anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 10). 8 % of adults had moderately severe to severe depressive or anxiety symptoms (PHQ-9/GAD-7 ≥ 15). Women, younger adults and people with low or medium levels of education were more frequently affected. The burden was particularly high among young women: 47 % showed depressive or anxiety symptoms. The figures for 2024 are significantly higher than those for the previous year; however, these differences appear to be largely due to a change in methodology. Whether the symptom rise observed from 2020 to 2023 continued in 2024 cannot be conclusively assessed owing to this methodological transition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There continues to be a high demand for measures to promote mental health in the population. The establishment of the RKI Panel in the coming years will enable methodologically consistent monitoring of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the future, which is a key prerequisite for the reliable assessment of trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"10 4","pages":"e13573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and physical activity promotion in Germany - An overview.","authors":"Sven Messing, Leonie Birkholz, Julian Resch, Johannes Brandl, Eva Lorenz, Karim Abu-Omar, Wolfgang Geidl, Antonina Tcymbal, Peter Gelius, Klaus Pfeifer","doi":"10.25646/13557","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular physical activity is essential for health, yet a large proportion of the German population remains inactive, with significant health and economic consequences. As physical activity promotion spans multiple settings and political sectors, systematic overviews of available data on behaviour and promotion practices are often lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article draws on four policy briefs on physical activity promotion in Germany published by the Federal Ministry of Health (2022 - 2024). Data on physical activity behaviour (secondary analysis) and promotion practices across sectors (mixed methods approach) were analysed. A distinction was made between good practice (projects with proven effectiveness) and routine practice (large-scale programmes).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1993 and 2024, eleven institutions from different political sectors collected data on physical activity behaviour in 23 larger studies. Current data show lower activity levels among older adults, women, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, and individuals living with a non-communicable disease. In total, 43 good practice projects and 88 routine practice measures were identified. While all good practice projects demonstrated effectiveness, this was true for only 11 % of routine practices. Good practice projects were less likely to reach at least 100,000 people (12 %) compared to routine practice (25 %), and were more often limited to less than five years (33 % vs. 9 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physical activity promotion is an intersectoral challenge requiring stronger structures and shared responsibility. To increase population-level impact, the reach of good practice should be expanded and the effectiveness of routine practice evaluated more systematically. The planned establishment of a National Competence Centre for Physical Activity Promotion offers a key opportunity to advance these goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"10 4","pages":"e13557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity in Germany: Discrepancy between high societal expectation and actual activity levels in old age.","authors":"Nils Henrik Pixa, Eva-Marie Kessler, Lisa Marie Warner","doi":"10.25646/13553","DOIUrl":"10.25646/13553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Remaining physically active in later life has been shown to contribute to a longer and healthier life without the need for care or support. Accordingly, a societal expectation to stay active in old age (prescriptive age norm) has emerged - particularly among older adults themselves. Yet, are they in fact as physically active as expected?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using representative data from the Age_ISM Germany survey (ages 16 - 96 years), we examine the extent to which older individuals agree with the prescriptive age norm that 'old people should normally remain physically active' compared to younger individuals. This is contrasted with the actual activity behavior of 18- to 90-year-olds based on the 2019/2020 GEDA survey data from the Robert Koch Institute. This allows us to compare endorsement of the prescriptive norm with actual behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the prescriptive age norm of remaining physically active is more strongly endorsed in the older age groups than in the younger age groups, the proportion of individuals who are sufficiently active according to the World Health Organization's definition is significantly lower in the older age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings point to a 'norm-behavior gap': from around the age of 75 onwards, expectations regarding physical activity and actual behavior diverge increasingly. At the individual level, the negative age stereotype of older people as inactive and passive may, for instance, contribute to older adults' perception of being less addressed by exercise programs. At the socio-structural level, this may indicate a lack of age-sensitive exercise programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73767,"journal":{"name":"Journal of health monitoring","volume":"10 4","pages":"e13553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}