Journal of environmental exposure assessment最新文献_第4页

Current research needs in environmental exposure assessment: a personal perspective 当前环境暴露评价的研究需求:个人视角

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2023.21

S. Harrad

引用次数: 0

Circular economy without chemicals controls? Evidence of recirculated toxic plasticizers in flexible PVC products 没有化学品管制的循环经济?柔性PVC产品中循环使用有毒增塑剂的证据

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.081601

N. Ramungul, Y. Boontongkong, Pavares Viwatthanasittiphong, Nuengruthai Chuayrueng1, Yaowadee Temtanapat, Saisamorn Koonhorm, Arjaree Ausavanonkulporn

{"title":"Circular economy without chemicals controls? Evidence of recirculated toxic plasticizers in flexible PVC products","authors":"N. Ramungul, Y. Boontongkong, Pavares Viwatthanasittiphong, Nuengruthai Chuayrueng1, Yaowadee Temtanapat, Saisamorn Koonhorm, Arjaree Ausavanonkulporn","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.081601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.081601","url":null,"abstract":"The global push towards a circular economy (CE) has led to increasing efforts to improve resource utilization efficiency, including plastics recycling. However, the presence of additives, especially those that are toxic, complicates plastics recycling in several ways. Without sufficient controls, the spread of hazardous additives via recycling activities represents a significant public health challenge, particularly among developing nations. This study demonstrates evidence of such uncontrolled recycling, based on an investigation of four household flexible PVC product groups available in Thailand. A versatile pyrolysis/thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py/TD-GC-MS) method was employed to simultaneously screen 18 target plasticizers in these products. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) are the most frequently detected primary plasticizers. DEHP is dominant in vinyl boots, flooring sheets, and hoses, while DINP is dominant in cable sheaths, likely due to a spill-over effect from the EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are secondary plasticizers that are also detected in most samples, except for boots. The other plasticizers detected include other ortho-phthalates and non-phthalates. These results provide insight into combinatory patterns of plasticizer ‘cocktails’, that comprise restricted, as-yet-unrestricted, and non-restricted plasticizers, embedded in the same individual samples, with a maximum of seven plasticizers found in a single cable sheath. These findings indicate the existence of potentially risky recycling practices that target embedded plasticizers to save cost, without due consideration of their inherent toxicity. Proper interventions are necessary to ensure that CE and chemical safety can be synergized.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67657597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Occurrence of DDT in foodstuffs and skin wipes from a rural area, South China: insight into human exposure pathway 中国南方农村地区食品和皮肤湿巾中滴滴涕的出现:人类接触途径的洞察

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2023.12

Yin-Zhi Lv, Xiaojun Luo, Qun-Jie Feng, Chun-You Zhu, Yanhong Zeng, B. Mai

{"title":"Occurrence of DDT in foodstuffs and skin wipes from a rural area, South China: insight into human exposure pathway","authors":"Yin-Zhi Lv, Xiaojun Luo, Qun-Jie Feng, Chun-You Zhu, Yanhong Zeng, B. Mai","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) are ubiquitous in dust and air, which may be responsible for human dermal exposure to DDT. However, existing DDT exposure studies mainly concentrate on dietary exposure, and studies on skin exposure pathway are lacking. To gain further insight into the human exposure pathway of DDT, skin wipe and food samples were collected in a rural area in southern China, where new input of DDTs was found in both indoor and outdoor environments. The total DDT concentrations in skin wipes and foodstuffs varied from < method quantification limit (MQL) to 1470 ng/m2 and from < MQL to 12.8 ng/g wet weight, respectively. In foodstuffs, egg showed the highest DDT concentration, while forehead showed the highest DDT concentration in the four skin locations. p,p’-DDT was predominant in the hand and forearm wipes, while p,p’-DDE was dominant in the forehead, upper arm, and food samples. The total DDT daily absorption median levels via dermal contact, hand-mouth contact, and food consumption were 0.187, 0.0237, and 0.994 ng/kg/d, respectively. Organic eggs and wild fish contaminated by DDTs released locally are the main sources of human dietary exposure to DDTs, and reducing the intake of contaminated fish and eggs would help to significantly reduce human DDT absorption; in this case, the contribution of dermal exposure cannot be not negligible.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67658171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cotton pillow samplers for assessment of thirdhand smoke in homes of smokers and nonsmokers with children 评估吸烟者和有孩子的非吸烟者家中三手烟的棉枕取样器

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/evcna.2023.34

Penelope J.E. Quintana, Nicolas Lopez-Galvez, Georg E. Matt, Ashley L. Merianos, Nathan G. Dodder, Eunha Hoh, Lara Stone, Chase A. Wullenweber, E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens

{"title":"Cotton pillow samplers for assessment of thirdhand smoke in homes of smokers and nonsmokers with children","authors":"Penelope J.E. Quintana, Nicolas Lopez-Galvez, Georg E. Matt, Ashley L. Merianos, Nathan G. Dodder, Eunha Hoh, Lara Stone, Chase A. Wullenweber, E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens","doi":"10.20517/evcna.2023.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/evcna.2023.34","url":null,"abstract":"Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a major cause of illnesses in children and leaves a persistent and toxic residue indoors called thirdhand smoke (THS) that adheres to various surfaces, permeates materials, accumulates in household dust, and is subsequently re-emitted into the air. THS, like SHS, has been shown to contain multiple toxic chemicals, including carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). Children are highly susceptible to tobacco smoke pollutants, and simple methods for assessing children’s SHS and THS exposure are needed. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of a cotton pillow used as a passive sampler in homes of children with caregivers who smoke tobacco, with and without home smoking bans, as well as nonsmokers. We deployed a commercially available organic cotton travel pillow, which was left in the home for a median of 9.1 days. Pillow component nicotine levels were significantly higher in homes of smokers without a ban as compared to smokers and nonsmokers who had a ban (e.g., median pillowcase nicotine 337.7 ng/g per day vs. 72.5 ng/g per day and 0.1 ng/g per day, respectively) and differences were similar to those for air nicotine. Pillowcase TSNAs were detected mainly in the homes of smokers without a smoking ban. Pillow component (pillowcase, fabric, and filling) nicotine levels were highly correlated with air nicotine levels (rho = 0.76-0.88, all P < 0.001). Nicotine in the pillow components was also highly correlated with urinary cotinine in the children (rho = 0.65 to 0.81, all P < 0.001) and other measures of tobacco smoke exposure. Pillow performance as a sampler is promising, given the ease and simplicity of sample deployment.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissolution and fate of silver nanoparticles in the presence of natural aquatic organic matter 银纳米粒子在天然水生有机物存在下的溶解和命运

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.24

C. Watanabe, R. F. Domingos, M. Benedetti, A. H. Rosa

{"title":"Dissolution and fate of silver nanoparticles in the presence of natural aquatic organic matter","authors":"C. Watanabe, R. F. Domingos, M. Benedetti, A. H. Rosa","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing interest in and use of nanoparticles (NP), the environmental consequences of using NP are poorly understood because most relevant studies have not taken the effects of natural coatings on NP into consideration. The aim of this study was to improve our understanding of the fates of NP in aquatic systems. The fates of silver NP (AgNP) capped with citrate and polyethylene glycol dispersed in ecotoxicological matrices in the presence of environmentally relevant components of natural water (humic substances and extracellular polymeric substances) were investigated. Interactions between AgNP and natural organic matter were evaluated by ultracentrifugation and electrophoretic mobility measurements to assess AgNP dissolution. Humic substances and extracellular polymeric substances both decreased the dissolution rate. The natural organic matter (humic substances and extracellular polymeric substances) provided conditions in which the medium stabilized the NP. The dissolution rate depended on the coating type (citrate or polyethylene glycol), dissolved organic carbon concentration, and particle concentration. The presence of algae and Daphnia affected AgNP conversion, demonstrating the value of research that takes environmentally relevant matrices into consideration. The results improve our understanding of the factors that affect the bioavailabilities of AgNP and therefore improve our ability to evaluate AgNP toxicity. Studies of other NP using the same strategy will improve our understanding of the fates of nanomaterials in the environment and biota.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67658346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethylbenzene exposure in North America - an update 乙苯暴露在北美-更新

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.22

J. Kester, D. Morgott

{"title":"Ethylbenzene exposure in North America - an update","authors":"J. Kester, D. Morgott","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic ethylbenzene exposures and attendant potential health risks for United States children and prospective parents were first evaluated under the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Voluntary Children’s Chemical Evaluation Program. Using updated data and methods, a 2015 reevaluation observed declines in ethylbenzene releases and concentrations in ambient and indoor air. Both assessments identified inhalation as the dominant exposure route and smoking as the greatest contributor, with dietary intake much lower. Children’s exposure concentrations were similar to that of adults, but their intakes were higher. Neither breastfeeding nor toy mouthing was a significant source. This report updates the previous assessments, summarizing current ethylbenzene concentrations in air and foods, exposures during the use of household and consumer products, nationally representative biomonitoring data, including expanded demographic groups, and a new survey of worker exposures in styrene production facilities. General population ethylbenzene exposures appear to have declined for all age groups. The ethylbenzene/styrene chain of commerce contributes an estimated 0.1% to total air emissions and 7%-12% to dietary concentrations. Total estimated ethylbenzene intakes are consistent with biomonitoring data. Lactational transfer is not a significant exposure pathway for breastfed infants. Production workers’ exposure is well below occupational guidelines. Updated exposure estimates for each pathway suitable for potential health risk assessment are proposed.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67657799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Quantitative detection of organic mercury in whole blood using derivatization and gas chromatographynegative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry 衍生化和气相色谱-负化学电离-质谱法定量检测全血中有机汞

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.26

Zhaoqing Lyu, S. Soleman, Meng Li, Kouji H. Harada

{"title":"Quantitative detection of organic mercury in whole blood using derivatization and gas chromatographynegative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry","authors":"Zhaoqing Lyu, S. Soleman, Meng Li, Kouji H. Harada","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"The Minamata disease, first identified in Japan in the 1950s, is caused by severe methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning. To prevent the development of this disease, routine evaluation of MeHg levels in blood samples is crucial. The purpose of this research was to explore the use of derivatization and capillary gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) for the quantitative detection of both organic and inorganic mercury in blood samples. Alkyl mercury in standard solutions was extracted as halide salts in toluene with hydrohalic acid. Fat contents in whole blood samples were removed by methyl isobutyl ketone and hexane using a cysteine/alkaline solution and then organic mercury was extracted as a bromide complex using toluene and cupper chloride solution. The linearity of the response ratio vs. concentration curves (R2) was 0.987 for methylmercury bromide and 0.990 for ethylmercury bromide. over the calibration range of 0.02 ng/mL to 20 ng/mL. The recovery of MeHg and ethylmercury (EtHg) was 67.1% and 49.3%, respectively. The concentrations of MeHg in whole blood samples determined using GC with an electron capture detector agreed with those determined using GC-NCI-MS, with a correlation coefficient of 0.923. The mean concentration of MeHg in a certified reference material (NMIJ CRM 7402-a) determined using GC-NCI-MS was 0.64 μg/g, comparable with the certified value of 0.58 μg/g. Our study demonstrates a simple and low-cost approach for analyzing mercury in biological samples, although further optimization is required given the relatively low recovery and the concern about the toxicity of methyl isobutyl ketone.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67658420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediment core of Phayao Lake, Thailand 泰国帕瑶湖沉积物中多环芳烃的生态与健康风险

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.29

W. Deelaman, C. Choochuay, Siwatt Pongpiachan, Yongming Han

{"title":"Ecological and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediment core of Phayao Lake, Thailand","authors":"W. Deelaman, C. Choochuay, Siwatt Pongpiachan, Yongming Han","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment cores from Phayao Lake were investigated in terms of their concentration, distribution, and potential effects on the environment and human health. The concentration of Σ16PAHs ranged from 77.6 to 1251.1 ng g-1. Additionally, low molecular weight PAHs (two or three fused aromatic rings) were dominant, indicating that the main source of PAHs is the incomplete combustion of organic sources. The toxic equivalent quantities (TEQs) of 16 PAHs varied from 2.67 to 155.09 ng g-1, with an average of 38.29 ± 46.69 ng g-1. Furthermore, the TEQs of 9 known carcinogenic PAHs averaged 20.77 ± 30.63 ng g-1. B[a]P had the highest TEQ, followed by D[a,h]A and B[k]F, with values of 16.93 ± 25.49, 13.89 ± 15.37 and 2.12 ± 3.64, respectively. The RQ(NCs) of ∑PAHs (RQ∑PAHs(NCs)) ranged from 1.65 × 10-4 to 6.27 × 10-1 with an average value of 1.18 × 100 ± 1.52 × 100. Moreover, RQ(NCs) was less than 1 for individual PAHs, indicating a minor risk. However, RQ(MPCs) was less than 1 for individual PAHs, indicating a moderate risk. The results showed a significant incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) from sediment-bound PAHs with dermal absorption, followed by ingestion and inhalation, as the prevalent route of exposure. The measured ILCR values of all PAHs were less than 10-6 for both adults and children, which were lower than the baseline value, indicating that each PAH poses a low risk of cancer to humans. This study provides information for control and preventive actions to limit future PAH pollution in Phayao Lake.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67658460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water and sediments from the Udu River, Niger Delta, Nigeria: concentration, distribution and risk assessment 尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲乌都河水和沉积物中的多氯联苯:浓度、分布和风险评估

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2022.19

P. Iniaghe, E. D. Kpomah

{"title":"Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water and sediments from the Udu River, Niger Delta, Nigeria: concentration, distribution and risk assessment","authors":"P. Iniaghe, E. D. Kpomah","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2022.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, five surface water and sediment samples were collected from five different points along the course of the Udu River, Niger Delta, Nigeria, which were near the human population. Water samples were liquid-liquid extracted with dichloromethane in a separatory funnel, while sediment samples were Soxhlet extracted using a mixture of acetone, dichloromethane, and n-hexane. Quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the extracts was done using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The ecological risk of PCBs was assessed by comparing the determined PCB concentrations with established guideline values, while health risk was evaluated using non-cancer and total cancer risk models. From the results obtained, only one congener (PCB-167) was present in water samples, with concentrations ranging from 20-1860 ng L-1. For sediment samples, 28 congeners were detected. The concentration of Ʃ28PCBs and the 12 dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) ranged from 5.34-16.1 and 1.07-5.36 ng g-1, respectively. The toxicity equivalence values for dl-PCBs varied from 0.0065-0.018. Compared to guideline values for both water and sediment, the PCB concentration obtained in this study does not pose any ecological risk at all except for one sampled point. Similarly, the hazard index values for non-cancer risk evaluation were < 1 at all but one point, while total cancer risk values were between 1 × 10-6 and 1 × 10-4 at all but one sampling point, indicating no potential risk of developing cancer associated with PCBs in water and sediments of the Udu River.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67657788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Method validation and comparison of quantification strategies for analysis of chlorinated paraffins in indoor dust by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry 液相色谱法和高分辨率质谱法分析室内粉尘中氯化石蜡的方法验证及定量策略比较

Journal of environmental exposure assessment Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/jeea.2021.10

T. McGrath, A. Covaci, Giulia Poma

{"title":"Method validation and comparison of quantification strategies for analysis of chlorinated paraffins in indoor dust by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"T. McGrath, A. Covaci, Giulia Poma","doi":"10.20517/jeea.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the validation of a method for the simultaneous analysis of short-, medium-, and long-chained chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs, respectively) in indoor dust by ultrasonic extraction and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-HRMS). A series of spike and recovery experiments (n = 54) were conducted using CPs with varying carbon-chain lengths, chlorination degree, and concentrations. Technical standard mixtures of the SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs were used to quantify spiking experiments by two commonly used calibration procedures: pattern deconvolution and chlorine-content calibration. The results quantified by pattern deconvolution meet the acceptability limits of the European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for all tests with trueness ranging from 72% to 141% and good precision represented by coefficients of variation (CVs) less than 15% in all experiments. The chlorine-content calibration also performed well overall, but on average overestimated concentrations for SCCPs and MCCPs by 32% and 25%, respectively, and did not meet the EURL’s trueness limits in all cases. CVs were below 18% for all results derived from the chlorine-content quantification. The final method was successfully applied to indoor dust samples from offices (n = 4), homes (n = 3), and a vehicle (n = 1) from Melbourne, Australia, with SCCPs (C10-13), MCCPs (C14-17), and LCCPs (C18-20) detected in all samples, up to 100, 240 and 190 μg/g, respectively. A preliminary human exposure assessment suggested that CP intake via dust may constitute a major pathway of exposure for populations in Melbourne, Australia.","PeriodicalId":73738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental exposure assessment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67657932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4