Journal of earth science & climatic change最新文献_第6页

Indigenous Knowledge Adaption Strategies in Response to Climate Change: The Case of North Gondar, Ethiopia 应对气候变化的土著知识适应战略:以埃塞俄比亚北贡达尔为例

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000470

A. Wondim, A. Genenew, G. Abaye, C. Demissie

{"title":"Indigenous Knowledge Adaption Strategies in Response to Climate Change: The Case of North Gondar, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Wondim, A. Genenew, G. Abaye, C. Demissie","doi":"10.4172/2157-7617.1000470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000470","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in North Gonder Zone to identify the climate change variables and farmer’s indigenous climate change adaption strategies. The study took a sample of 130 farmers by using appropriate sampling techniques. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze farmer’s indigenous climate change adaption strategies quantitative. Besides, qualitative data were analyzed through narration. Different climate change variables, which affect livelihood of farmers, and variety of indigenous adaption strategies to minimize hazard due to climate change were identified. People living in the zone use indigenous adaption strategies based on Agro-ecology and farming system. The finding of research indicates that farmers adapt different strategies in response to different climatic change variables, and there are no best practices that can be used to tackle all climate change variables. Hence using a blend of the indigenous and scientific adaption strategies across the appropriate contexts is, therefore, of paramount importance.","PeriodicalId":73713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of earth science & climatic change","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7617.1000470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70384015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Farmer's Perceptions and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change, Its Determinants and Impacts in Ethiopia: Evidence from Qwara District 埃塞俄比亚农民对气候变化的认知和适应策略及其决定因素和影响:来自Qwara地区的证据

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000481

M. Gedefaw, A. Girma, Yan Denghua, W. Hao, G. Agitew

引用次数: 18

Perception of Farmers on Climate Change and their Adaptive Strategies over Bale Highlands, Southeastern Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚东南部贝尔高地农民对气候变化的认识及其适应策略

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000491

W. Legese, D. Koricha, K. Ture

引用次数: 2

Comparative and Evaluate of Empirical Models for Estimation Global Solar Radiation in Al-Baha, KSA Al-Baha地区太阳总辐射估算经验模式的比较与评价

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000492

Khalil Sa, A. Has

引用次数: 11

River Slope and Roughness Impact on Downstream Hydraulic Structures 河流坡度和粗糙度对下游水工建筑物的影响

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000500

Melese Chanie Shumie

引用次数: 1

Impact of Ponds on Local Climate: A Remote Sensing and GIS Contribution Application to the Ponds of Brenne (France) 池塘对当地气候的影响:基于遥感和GIS的法国布伦纳池塘贡献应用

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2471-8556.1000503

R. Nedjai, A. Azaroual, K. Chlif, A. Bensaid, M. Al-Sayah, L. Ysbaa

引用次数: 2

Determination of Crop Water Requirements for Maize in Abshege Woreda, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚古拉格地区Abshege Woreda玉米作物需水量的测定

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000439

Solomon Abirdew, G. Mamo, M. Mengesha

{"title":"Determination of Crop Water Requirements for Maize in Abshege Woreda, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Solomon Abirdew, G. Mamo, M. Mengesha","doi":"10.4172/2157-7617.1000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000439","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia where crop production overly depends on rainfall and temperature, studying the variability of these climate variables at a local scale is essential to devise proper strategies that enhance adaptive capacity. In light of this, a study was conducted in Abshege Woreda, Gurage Zone to determine crop water requirement of maize, which is major food crop of the area. Ten years i.e., (2006-2015) Indibir station climatological records of (sunshine duration hr/day), maximum and minimum temperature (OC), humidity (%) and wind speed (km/day) at 2 meters height were used in FAO Penman Monteith method. Secondary data were used to collect important soil parameters required for determination of crop water requirement in the study area such as field capacity (FC), permanent wilting point (PWP), initial soil moisture depletion (as % TAM) and available water holding capacity (mm/meter) while data for maximum rain infiltration rates (mm/day) and maximum rooting depth (cm) were obtained from literature based on similar textural class of the soil in the study area. Lengths of total growing periods of the crop was determined from ten years climate data and planting date was 10th May acquired from OAWBA and farmers of the area. Crop coefficients (kc), rooting depth, depletion level and other agronomic parameters were obtained from FAO guidelines (No 56) for each growth stage. The analyzed data indicated that Crop water requirement was estimated using CROPWAT 8.0 for window. A maize variety with a growing period of 140 days to maturity would requires 423 mm depth of water, while 101 mm would be required as supplementary irrigation depth.","PeriodicalId":73713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of earth science & climatic change","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7617.1000439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70382484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

What Should we do in the Context of Land Use Change Occurring Frequently in China 在中国土地利用变化频繁的背景下，我们应该做些什么

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000454

Ming Cai, Tan Wenbing, Lei Wang, B. Xi, Lie-yu Zhang, Huilian Liu

引用次数: 1

Hydrological Responses of Climate Change on Lake Ziway Catchment, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚中部裂谷Ziway湖流域气候变化的水文响应

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000474

T. Abrahama, A. Woldemicheala, A. Muluneha, B. Abateb

{"title":"Hydrological Responses of Climate Change on Lake Ziway Catchment, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia","authors":"T. Abrahama, A. Woldemicheala, A. Muluneha, B. Abateb","doi":"10.4172/2157-7617.1000474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000474","url":null,"abstract":"This study predicts future runoff conditions under changing climate using multi model outputs from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) over Lake Ziway Catchment. The River system is located in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia which serves for wide range of socio-economic activity, but recently different water use sectors are increasing their pressure on the water balance of the catchment. Bias corrected precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature data from three climate models HadGEM2-ES, CSIRO-MK-3-6-0 and CCSM4 under representative concentration pathways RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 were used as input for the hydrologic model. A calibrated and validated HBV model is used to simulate the future inflow from Katar River and Meki River towards Lake Ziway. The result revealed that the maximum and minimum temperature increased under RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 scenarios. However, precipitation showed a decreasing trend. The percentage change in monthly average precipitation showed extremes for HadGEM2-ES model which range between -51.19% during January 2050s and +23.15% during February 2080s under RCP 8.5. The model output showed an annual decrement in runoff depth on Katar River up to 19.45% during RCP 8.5 on CSIRO MK-3-6-0 model and maximum reduction was recorded for RCP 4.5 at 17.49% for CCSM4 model. Meki River has shown maximum annual reduction of 20.28% during 2080s on RCP 8.5 for HadGEM2-ES model and seasonally during Bulg maximum increment was recorded for the same model which ranges up to 10.23% on 2050s for RCP 4.5. However seasonal maximum reduction is obtained from Bulg season by 40.27% on HadGEM2-ES model during 2050s. From the study, a reduction in rainfall has brought larger effects on runoff reduction than evapotranspiration components. Due to future reduction of River flow on the region optimal allocations for water use purposes at all levels of water resource development projects are crucial for future water planning and management.","PeriodicalId":73713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of earth science & climatic change","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7617.1000474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70384117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Comparison of MLP-ANN Scheme and SDSM as Tools for Providing Downscaled Precipitation for Impact Studies at Daily Time Scale MLP-ANN方案与SDSM作为日尺度影响研究的降尺度降水工具的比较

Journal of earth science & climatic change Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617.1000475

Rahman Hashmi Mzu, Shamseldin Ay, Melville Bw

{"title":"Comparison of MLP-ANN Scheme and SDSM as Tools for Providing Downscaled Precipitation for Impact Studies at Daily Time Scale","authors":"Rahman Hashmi Mzu, Shamseldin Ay, Melville Bw","doi":"10.4172/2157-7617.1000475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000475","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical downscaling has become an important part in most of the watershed scale climate change investigations. It is usually performed using multiple regression-based models. Basic working principle of such models is to develop a suitable relationship between the large scale (predictors) and the local climatic parameters called predictands. The development of such relationships using linear regression becomes very challenging when the local parameter to be downscaled is complex in nature such as precipitation. For this reason, use of nonlinear data driven techniques including Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is becoming more and more popular. Therefore, an attempt has been made in the study presented here to introduce a new Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) ANN-based scheme to develop a robust predictors-predictand relationship to be used as a downscaling model at daily time scale. The efficiency of this model has been compared with a popularly used model called Statistical Down Scaling Model (SDSM), for daily precipitation at the Clutha watershed in New Zealand. The results show that the model developed based on ANN scheme exhibits better performance than the SDSM. Hence, it is concluded that the use of artificial intelligence techniques such as ANN can greatly help in developing more efficient predictor-predictand models for even for precipitation being the toughest climate variable to model","PeriodicalId":73713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of earth science & climatic change","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2157-7617.1000475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70384125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4