Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Review on the Antimutagenic and Anticancer Effects of Cysteamine.","authors":"Chun-Man Lee","doi":"10.1155/2023/2419444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2419444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. First-line treatments usually include surgery, radiotherapy, and/or systemic therapy. These methods can be associated with serious adverse events and can be toxic to healthy cells. Despite the new advances in cancer therapies, there is still a continuous need for safe and effective therapeutic agents. Cysteamine is an aminothiol endogenously synthetized by human cells during the degradation of coenzyme-A. It has been safely used in humans for the treatment of several pathologies including cystinosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Cysteamine has been shown to be a potent antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antimelanoma in various <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies, but a review on these aspects of cysteamine's use in medicine is lacking in the current literature. The efficacy of cysteamine has been shown <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> for the treatment of different types of cancer, such as gastrointestinal cancer, pancreatic cancer, sarcomas, hepatocellular carcinoma, and melanoma, leading to the significant reduction of lesions and/or the increase of survival time. Although the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, possible explanations are (i) free radical scavenging, (ii) alteration of the tumor cell proliferation by affecting nucleic acid and protein synthesis or inhibition of DNA synthesis, and (iii) hormone regulation. In conclusion, regarding the high safety profile of cysteamine and the current literature data presented in this article, cysteamine might be considered as an interesting molecule for the prevention and the treatment of cancer. Further clinical studies should be performed to support these data in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2419444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10508993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41094793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ebselen, Iron Uptake Inhibitor, Alleviates Iron Overload-Induced Senescence-Like Neuronal Cells SH-SY5Y via Suppressing the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Sirirak Mukem,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sayoh,&nbsp;Saowanee Maungchanburi,&nbsp;Tipsuda Thongbuakaew","doi":"10.1155/2023/6641347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6641347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing evidence highlights that excessive iron accumulation in the brain plays a vital role in neuronal senescence and is implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, the chemical compounds that eliminate an iron overload may provide better protection against oxidative stress conditions that cause the accumulation of senescent cells during brain aging. Ebselen has been identified as a strongly useful compound in the research on redox biology mechanisms. We hypothesized that ebselen could alleviate an iron overload-induced oxidative stress and consequently reverses the senescence-like phenotypes in the neuronal cells. In the present study, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) before ebselen, and the evaluation of the cellular iron homeostasis, the indicators of oxidative stress, and the onset of senescence phenotypes and mechanisms were carried out accordingly. Our findings showed that ebselen ameliorated the FAC-mediated iron overload by decreasing the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferritin light chain (FT-L) proteins. In contrast, it increased the expression of ferroportin 1 (FPN1) protein and its correlation led to a decrease in the expression of the cytosolic labile iron pool (LIP). Furthermore, ebselen significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and rescued the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Notably, ebselen restored the biomarkers of cellular senescence by reducing the number of senescence-associated <i>β</i>-galactosidase (SA-<i>β</i>-gal) positive cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP). This also suppressed the expression of p53 protein targeting DNA damage response (DDR)/p21 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor through a mTORC1 signaling pathway. Potentially, ebselen could be a therapeutic agent for treating brain aging and AD by mitigating iron accumulation and restoring senescence in SH-SY5Y cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6641347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41127490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Wound-Healing Activity of Hydrogel Extract of <i>Sansevieria trifasciata</i> Leaves (Asparagaceae).","authors":"Nia Yuniarsih,&nbsp;Himyatul Hidayah,&nbsp;Neni Sri Gunarti,&nbsp;Anggun Hari Kusumawati,&nbsp;Farhamzah Farhamzah,&nbsp;Asman Sadino,&nbsp;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri","doi":"10.1155/2023/7680518","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/7680518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For centuries, communities have used medicinal plants to treat various diseases, such as <i>Sansevieria trifasciata</i> (Asparagaceae), for wound healing. However, a study on the wound-healing activity of this plant has not been conducted. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hydrogel formulations of <i>S. trifasciata</i> extract (HESt) and its activity in wound healing. The HESt formulations were subjected to physical examination, pH measurement, spreading coefficient, rheological study, stability test, and wound-healing activity. Furthermore, the HPMC and carbopol 940 gel-forming agents were used to obtain this formulation. In the incision wound model, the experiment was divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 4 mice. Groups 1 and 2 served as a negative and positive control (octenidine gel), while 3, 4, and 5 were given HESt formulations of 15%, 20%, and 25% (w/w), respectively, for 15 days. Based on the wound healing activity test, HESt 20% and 25% (w/w) groups showed significant (<i>p</i> <i><</i> 0.05) wound closure area on day 4 and from day 2 to 16. However, the HESt 15% (w/w) group showed no significant difference in wound-healing activity but had a higher closure than the negative control. Based on the evaluation of the hydrogel, all HESt formulations were reported to have fulfilled the standard requirements. The HESt formulations were also reported to be stable at various temperatures in the stability test. Therefore, <i>S. trifasciata</i> leaves extract has the potential to be developed as a wound-healing drug derived from herbal plants formulated into hydrogel preparations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"7680518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10480028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10179953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Chemically-Characterized Essential Oils from <i>Eucalyptus polybractea</i>, <i>Ormenis mixta,</i> and <i>Lavandula burnatii</i>: Optimization of a New Complete Antibacterial Formulation Using Simplex-Centroid Mixture Design.","authors":"Mohamed Jeddi,&nbsp;Naoufal El Hachlafi,&nbsp;Mouhcine Fadil,&nbsp;Nesrine Benkhaira,&nbsp;Samir Jeddi,&nbsp;Zineb Benziane Ouaritini,&nbsp;Kawtar Fikri-Benbrahim","doi":"10.1155/2023/5593350","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/5593350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to identify the volatile profile of three essential oils obtained from <i>Eucalyptus polybractea cryptonifera</i> (EPEO), <i>Ormenis mixta</i> (OMEO), and <i>Lavandula burnatii briquet</i> (LBEO) and to examine their combined antibacterial activity that affords the optimal inhibitory ability against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> using simplex-centroid mixture design and checkerboard assay. Essential oils (EOs) were isolated by hydrodistillation and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled with flame-ionization detector (GC-FID). The antibacterial activity was performed using disc diffusion and microdilution assays. The chemical analysis revealed that 1,8-cineole (23.75%), p-cymene (22.47%), and <i>α</i>-pinene (11.20%) and p-menthane-1,8-diol (18.19%), <i>α</i>-pinene (10.81%), and D-germacrene (9.17%) were the main components detected in <i>E. polybractea</i> and <i>O. mixta</i> EOs, respectively. However, <i>L. burnatii</i> EO was mainly represented by linalool (24.40%) and linalyl acetate (18.68%). The EPEO, LBEO, and OMEO had a strong antibacterial effect on <i>S. aureus</i> with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values ranging from 0.25 to 0.5% (v/v). Furthermore, the combination of 1/2048 MIC_EPEO + 1/4 MIC_LBEO showed a synergistic antibacterial effect on <i>S. aureus</i> with a FIC index of 0.25, while the formulation of 1/4 MIC_EPEO + 1/4 MIC_OMEO demonstrated an antibacterial synergistic activity on <i>E. coli</i> with a FIC index of 0.5. Moreover, the simplex-centroid mixture design reported that the most effective combinations on <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> correspond to 32%/28%/40% and 35%/30%/35% of <i>E. polybractea</i>, <i>O. mixta,</i> and <i>L. burnatii,</i> respectively. Presented information highlights the action of antibacterial formulations of these EOs and suggests their potential applications as alternatives to commercialized drugs to contract the development of bacteria causing serious infections and food deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5593350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10462449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10120243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, Actions, and Predictors of Actions on Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Patients Attending a Referral Hospital in Southern Highland Tanzania.","authors":"Nathanael Sirili,&nbsp;Manase Kilonzi,&nbsp;Dorkasi L Mwakawanga,&nbsp;Juma A Mohamedi,&nbsp;Joseph Matobo Thobias,&nbsp;Aurelia Clement,&nbsp;Davance Mwasomola,&nbsp;Stella E Mushy","doi":"10.1155/2023/7761649","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/7761649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study assessed the awareness, actions, and predictors of actions on adverse drug reaction reporting among patients attending a referral hospital in southern highland Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2022 at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital (MZRH) in Mbeya, Tanzania. A total of 792 adult patients with chronic conditions attending outpatient clinics at MZRH were recruited consecutively. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, ADR awareness, and actions when encountering ADR. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 and results are summarized using frequency and percentages. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the predictors associated with reporting ADR among patients. <i>P</i> value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 792, 397 (50.1%) were males and 383 (48.6%) had a primary education level. Only 171 (21.6%) participants previously experienced ADR, and 111 (14.1%) were aware that ADR is an unexpected harm that occurs after medication use. The majority 597 (70.3%) of the participants said will report ADR to healthcare providers, 706 (88.9%) prefer reporting ADR to healthcare providers, and 558 (69.1%) said patients are not aware of the importance of reporting ADR. Patients aged below 65 years of age, unemployed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.4 (0.18-0.87), self-employed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.5 (0.32-0.83)), and those who ever encountered ADR ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.1 (0.05-0.11)) were more likely to report the ADR to HCPs compared to the rest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of patients are not aware of what is ADR and the importance of ADR reporting. Most of the patients prefer to report ADR to healthcare providers. We recommend an awareness campaign to raise awareness of the patients on ADR and other methods of ADR reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"7761649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10188260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9544485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticarcinogenic Efficacy of an Ayurvedic Formulation: Amritotharanam Kashyam","authors":"L. Raman, Anitha Shanmuganathan, S. Chandrashekar, Prabhu Kaliyaperumal, Elumalai Perumal, Ram Krishna Rao Mudiganti, K. T. Nachammai, Langeswaran Kulanthaivel, G. Subbaraj, Kirubhanand Chandrasekaran, Bharat Ramrao Sontakke, Senthilkumar Subramanian","doi":"10.1155/2023/3387261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3387261","url":null,"abstract":"Amritotharanam Kashyam, a specific Ayurvedic drug, was the focus of the current inquiry to evaluate its efficacy. For liver and digestive-related issues, this medication is suggested. This was obtained from a standard Ayurvedic vendor in Chennai (India), and GC-MS analysis was carried out according to the standard procedure. A few critical biomolecules include benzoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, 6,9-octadecadienoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (E)-, heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl, methyl ester, methyl 18-methylnonadecanoate, tetracosanoic acid, distearin, hexadecanoic acid, and 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediol ester. The obtained biomolecules exhibited some significant therapeutic functions, including acidification, inhibition of arachidonic acid formation, increase in the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, suppression of uric acid generation, inhibitors of catechol-O-methyltransferase, urine acidifiers, etc. The anticancer and antiviral potential of these phytocompounds were investigated using molecular docking and dynamics. The phytocompounds pharmacokinetic characteristics were investigated using ADME analysis. Through docking and dynamics simulation, in silico tests demonstrated the phytocompounds' inhibitory efficiency against the target proteins. These functions reasonably relate to the medicinal function of Amritotharanam Kashyam. The MTT assay findings demonstrated this medication’s anticancer effects. The ability to be an effective drug is demonstrated by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and membrane-stabilizing properties.","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73974443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacometrics: A New Era of Pharmacotherapy and Drug Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Muhammad Usman, Sitaram Khadka, Mohammad Saleem, Huma Rasheed, Bimal Kunwar, Moshin Ali","doi":"10.1155/2023/3081422","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/3081422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacotherapy, in many cases, is practiced at a suboptimal level of performance in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) although stupendous amounts of data are available regularly. The process of drug development is time-consuming, costly, and is also associated with loads of hurdles related to the safety concerns of the compounds. This review was conducted with the objective to emphasize the role of pharmacometrics in pharmacotherapy and the drug development process in LMICs for rational drug therapy. Pharmacometrics is widely applied for the rational clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) practice through the population pharmacokinetic (popPK) modeling and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach. The scope of pharmacometrics practice is getting wider day by day with the untiring efforts of pharmacometricians. The basis for pharmacometrics analysis is the computer-based modeling and simulation of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) data supplemented by characterization of important aspects of drug safety and efficacy. Pharmacometrics can be considered an invaluable tool not only for new drug development with maximum safety and efficacy but also for dose optimization in clinical settings. Due to the convenience of using sparse and routine patient data, a significant advantage exists in this regard for LMICs which would otherwise lag behind in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3081422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9130679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Drug Reactions during COVID-19 Treatment: A Comprehensive Analysis Focused on Hospitalized Patients, with the Use of a Survey in Cuba in 2020.","authors":"Lizette Gil-Del-Valle, Rosario Gravier-Hernández, Waldemar Baldoquin-Rodríguez, Beatriz Sierra-Vázquez, Ana Beatriz Perez-Díaz, Pablo Sariol-Resik, Tatiana Prieto-Dominguez, Mario Manuel Delgado-Guerra, Joniel Arnoldo Sánchez-Márquez, Olga Elena López-Fernández, Faustina Fonseca-Betancourt, Liana Valdés-Lanza, Odalys Orraca-Castillo, Xaveer Van Ostade, Wim Vanden Berghe, Veerle Vanlerberghe, M Guadalupe Guzmán-Tirado","doi":"10.1155/2023/1995642","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/1995642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence and type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), together with associated risk factors, among Cuban COVID-19 patients treated with chloroquine (CQ), lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), or interferon <i>α</i>2b (IFN <i>α</i>2b), according to the Cuban protocol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective descriptive analysis of ADRs was performed on 200 COVID-19 patients who were admitted consecutively to three hospitals in Havana and Pinar del Río from April to July 2020. Information on demographics, ADRs, outcomes, behavioral, and health-related factors was collected using a validated questionnaire and clinical records. Each potential ADR case was assessed for causality based on the WHO-UMC algorithm, concomitant drug influences, and the presence of any drug-drug interactions (DDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total frequency of ADRs was 55%, with predominantly gastrointestinal disorders and general symptoms (23% vs 20%). 95.1% of ADRs occurred within 10 days after treatment and 42 potential DDI in 55.5% of patients (61/110) were observed. The prevalence of ADRs was: 44%, 30.4%, and 26.4% for IFN <i>α</i>2b, LPV/r, and CQ, respectively. Sex (odds ratio (OR): 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.211-0.742), age (OR: 2.36 (95% CI: 1.02-5.44)), and underlying diseases (OR: 0.12 (95% CI: 0.06-0.23)) were independently associated factors for ADRs (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The frequency of ADRs and potential DDI was high compared to their use during nonpandemic times (e.g., for malaria, HIV, or inflammatory diseases). The safety profile of these drugs when used for COVID-19 treatment showed similar characteristics. Comorbidities, age >37 years old, and female sex were associated with ADRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"1995642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9908337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10764666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Uses, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Investigations of <i>Calendula arvensis</i> L.: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Aya Khouchlaa, Aicha El Baaboua, Hamza El Moudden, Fatima Lakhdar, Saad Bakrim, Naoual El Menyiy, Omar Belmehdi, Hicham Harhar, Nasreddine El Omari, Abdelaali Balahbib, Moon Nyeo Park, Gokhan Zengin, Bonglee Kim, Abdelhakim Bouyahya","doi":"10.1155/2023/2482544","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/2482544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Calendula arvensis</i> L. (Asteraceae) is a famous ornamental and medicinal plant widely distributed in Mediterranean countries and the southern region of Europe. This reputed species is widely used in traditional medicine in the treatment of many disorders and has various bioactivities, especially anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. The present review was conducted to provide a critical review of the comprehensive and current knowledge regarding <i>C. arvensis</i> species, in particular, its taxonomy and geographical distribution, botanical description, medicinal uses, phytochemical compounds, pharmacological properties, and toxicity investigations. The data collected on <i>C. arvensis</i> were obtained using different scientific research databases such as PubMed, SciFinder, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online, and Scopus. Phytochemical screening of different <i>C. arvensis</i> extracts and essential oils showed their richness in bioactive compounds, particularly in fatty acids, sterols, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoid compounds. The findings of this review showed that the pharmacological activities of <i>C. arvensis</i> confirm its importance and diversity as a traditional remedy for many diseases. This plant presents a wide range of bioactivities, namely, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitrypanosomial, antitumoral, antimutagenic, and immunomodulatory activities, as well as hemolytic properties and wound treatment. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic validation and toxicological examinations are required to detect any possible toxicity for future clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2482544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9831710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10533049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity, Antibacterial, and Phytochemical Analyses of <i>Antrocaryon klaineanum</i> Pierre Extracts.","authors":"Cédric Sima Obiang,&nbsp;Thiery Ndong Mba,&nbsp;Joseph Privat Ondo,&nbsp;Rick Léonid Ngoua Meye Misso,&nbsp;Juliette Ornely Orango Bourdette,&nbsp;Elvis Otogo N'Nang,&nbsp;Joefred Mbogho Abogho,&nbsp;Elvis Jolinom Mbot,&nbsp;Louis Clément Obame Engonga,&nbsp;Edouard Nsi Emvo","doi":"10.1155/2023/9304681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9304681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal plants are traditionally used in Gabon to treat several types of illnesses. The study's purpose was to determine the toxic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects of <i>Antrocaryon klaineanum</i> Pierre extracts and to characterize their phytochemical compounds. Toxicity was evaluated on frog tadpoles (<i>Phrynobatrachus africanus</i> Hallowell). The microorganism susceptibility test was performed by the diffusion method, while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated using the microdilution technique. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested through protein denaturation and membrane stabilization methods. Chromatography and molecular network techniques were used to characterize chemical compounds. The lethality test showed that the lethal concentration (LC₅₀) increased from 110.03 ± 1.25 to 15.86 ± 2.21 <i>μ</i>g/mL after 24 and 96 hours of exposure. In tadpoles exposed to 7.81 <i>μ</i>g/mL extract, the first mortalities (12.5%) were observed on the fifth day of exposure. A relative decrease in mature erythrocytes exposed to plant extracts was observed. The antibacterial activity shows that the Ak F₂, Ak F₃, and Ak F₄ fractions (from the water-ethanol crude extract) gave the greatest antibacterial activities compared to the other extracts. The water, water-acetone, and water-ethanol extracts showed good inhibition of denaturation. The haemolysis test shows that the extracts exhibited good anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemical characterisation revealed four major compounds, including monogallate epicatechin and hydroxy-ergostadian. The molecular network revealed five main clusters. Our study shows that <i>A. klaineanum</i> Pierre could be a promising natural product for the isolation of molecules with potential biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7369,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9304681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10148743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9399369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}