Journal of community medicine & health education最新文献

{"title":"Why Should We Participate in their Studies? A Focus Group Study of Young Peoples' Attitudes to Health Surveys","authors":"Magnusson M, Falk Ll, Hallmyr M, Chaplin Je","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000577","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to explore aspects of health that are relevant to adolescents and young adults and how to frame health related questionnaires so that they are more relevant to them. Methods: Data were collected by focus-group interviews. Participants were recruited in suburban areas characterized by high unemployment, low income and a high proportion of recent immigrants. Result: Meaningfulness emerged as important, in parallel with disappointment about not being listened to. Attempts in questionnaires to discover body weight were considered uncomfortable as were questions on ethnicity. Family and friends were considered fundamental for health while money was regarded as less important and with some ambiguousness. Conclusion: Motivation and feedback were aspects that seemed most important in this context. To include the respondent’s perspective when constructing questionnaires decreases risk of harm and may increase participation rates. Conducting research without feedback risks decreasing participation in future studies.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Socio-Economic Events that Associated with Having High Parity in Mosul, Iraq","authors":"Al-Ridhwany Hha, Aljawadi Aa, A. Ms","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000580","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High parity adversely affect both the family and the government to support a youthful population. \u0000Aim: The present study aimed to examine the association of high parity with health, social and economic events among families in Mosul. \u0000Method: The study applied a cross-sectional design and multi-stage stratified sampling technique in Mosul at the north of Iraq. Data collection continued almost ten months to complete the estimated sample size (from April, 1st 2011 till the end of Jan, 2012). Statistical equations estimated prevalence of high parity and determined the associated health and socio-economic events by applying chi square test. \u0000Result: The study interviewed 1302 mothers in childbearing age. Prevalence of high parity was 27.8% mainly in suburban and rural areas (p=0.000). It was more frequently reported among mothers of lower social classes (p=0.001), consanguineous marriage (p=0.03), and early maternal and paternal marriage (p=0.000 and p=0.000). High parity was significantly associated with economic-inadequacy (p=0.000), over-crowding state (p=0.000), downward social transition (p=0.001), under five mortality (p=0.001), domestic physical violence (p=0.000), drop-out from primary school (p=0.000), smoking habit among siblings (p=0.000) and working children (p=0.000). \u0000Conclusion: Almost three out of ten mothers, particularly in suburban and rural areas, were grand- or great grand multipara; a behaviour that significantly associated with health and socio-economic penalties.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46843380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards improvement of information accessibility in a care-focused mature society: A proposed definition of health for a mature society","authors":"T. Tachibana","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711-C1-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711-C1-029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance of Hba1c Test in Three Selected MOH Primary Health Care Centers of Makkah","authors":"Siddqui Ms, Siddqui Mk, M. Zakaria, M. Ahmadali, B. Bandugh","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000571","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the compliance of HbA1c Test in registered diabetic patients of three selected PHC Centers of Makkah. \u0000Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of registered Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes to know the compliance of HbA1c in three randomly selected MOH PHC Centers. Sample size calculated was 354 patients with confidence level of 95% and confidence interval of 5. Data was processed on Microsoft Excel and SPSS-23 software. \u0000Results: Overall the age range was 21-79 (58) years and a mean of +/- SD of 56.67 +/- 11.97.Hb A1C test was done in 292 (82.48%) patients. Overall PHCs HbA1c compliance rate was 38.9%. The compliance at PHC Rusaifah, Zahraa and Jarwal was 47.5%, 41.3% and 17.6% respectively (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Very low compliance rate of HbA1c test in Primary Health Centers indicate non seriousness in our study group.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45657142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Stress on Academic Performance of Undergraduate Medical Students","authors":"S. Haider","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000566","url":null,"abstract":"Medical students experience stress during their academic years. This stress is related to issues including, financial issues, health problems, social issues and academic difficulties. Stress can either negatively or positively influence academic achievement, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between stress and academic performance of medical students and identify sources of stress effecting academic performance.All the medical students of undergraduate third year at Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, were invited to participate in the study. Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) was used for the assessment of the effect of stress on academics performance of the students. It consists of 40 items representing the six stressor domains: Academic-related stressors (ARS); Intrapersonal and interpersonal-related stressors (IRS); teaching and learning-related stressors (TLRS); social-related stressors (SRS); drive and desire related stressors (DRS); group activities related stressors (GARS). Cronbach coefficient alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency of the instrument and for each of the six stressor domains.A total of 200 undergraduate medical students participated in the study. Among them 90(45%) were male and 110(55%) were female. All domains of MSSQ are reliable showing Cronbach’s alpha greater than 0.7. Female students showed higher level of stress than males before and after exams. The major source of stress experienced by students was related to academics (2.78), followed by teaching and learning (1.88), while the domain derive and desire domain caused minimum stress to students (1.30).Undergraduate medical students experience considerable stress in their third year. Academic related factors are the major cause of stress in students. It is important that students should be counseling and trained to manage stress effectively otherwise it can adversely influence their health and academic performance.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43899932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Healthcare System for Community Residents with Dementia: A Questionnaire Survey for Dispensing Pharmacies, Home Care Support Offices, and Visiting Care Support Offices","authors":"Kyoko Takahashi, Hiroshi Aoki, Yuko Sato, Yumiko Chiba, K. Meguro","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000565","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since the number of dementia specialists is limited, dispensing pharmacies provide early detection of dementia patients in the community and drug management instructions, and care managers, who contribute to the collaboration between medical treatment and nursing care, play an important role. This investigation was performed with the aim of clarifying the awareness of dementia medication and actual psychosocial intervention to prepare materials for discussions on a system to provide effective care. \u0000Methods: The subjects were 80 dispensing pharmacies, 114 home care support offices, and 117 visiting care support offices in Osaki City and Kurihara City in Miyagi Prefecture. The questionnaires were distributed on November 8, 2012, and responses were received until November 27, 2012. \u0000Results: For antidementia drugs, the answers from the dispensing pharmacies and home care support offices were generally favorable, but many visiting care support offices answered that the drugs were for “general dementia, not for Alzheimer disease (AD). For psychosocial intervention, all of “physical activities,” “activities using reality orientation and reminiscence approach,” and “work and recreation” were performed during past 1 month, but “physical activities” were most reported as regular activity. Regarding reasons for the intervention, the most often reported response was “Reported that the activity would be good for physical and brain conditions”, followed by “users seem to be having fun.” \u0000Conclusion: Knowledge about antidementia drugs was generally favorable, but further clarification will be required for visiting care support offices. For this, smooth communication will be necessary between physicians and care providers. Among the interventions performed in visiting care support offices, “exercise” was most common. This might be confused with the evidence of exercise intervention for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, feedback to magazines etc. used in the visiting care support offices will be essential.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47874604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Gender in the Pattern and Risk of Acute Respiratory Infection among Infants in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Owens Jd, Hicks Harper Pt, Reynolds Sd, A. S. Ibama, D. Ins, O. Abanobi, A. Amadi, G. Iwuoha, T. Jaja, P. Dennis","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000569","url":null,"abstract":"Statement of the problem: Gender had a much wider influence on disease than is usually acknowledged. More so, relative contributions of social and biological factors had not been clearly delineated for many diseases. Higher mortality rates are usually observed in male infants with lower acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and pneumonia particularly during the first month of life than the female infants due to immature lungs in males. The rate declines between 6 and 12 months after birth. The study aims to determine the existence and pattern of relationship between risk of ARI and gender. \u0000Methodology and theoretical orientation: The study was designed as a community based retrospective casecontrol study of 1,100 infants randomly selected from 12 communities out of 6 Local Government Areas of the 3 senatorial districts of Rivers State. A multistage random sampling technique was used in selecting the subjects up to the community level. Descriptive method was used to represent the characteristics of the subjects and the differences in ARI between male and female infants were tested in a bivariate logistics regression at 5% level of significance. Odds ratio (OR) were used to interpret the size effect measures of ARI on gender differences. \u0000Findings: A total of 275 Cases of ARI and 825 controls were included in the study. The ARI cases were found to be slightly higher in Female infants (27.8%) than in the Male infants (22.4%). For the Female infants, the odds for ARI were 1.3 times significantly higher compared to those of their Male counterparts (OR=1.32, p=0.048, 95% CI=1.003-1.735). \u0000Conclusion and significance: Understanding such differences between Male and Female infants will enhance the knowledge about the epidemiology, outcome and effectiveness in prevention and control of ARIs. \u0000Recommendation: Awareness creation on gender differences in susceptibility to acute-respiratory infection among infants requires sustainable attention.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44998861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR OF PEOPLE AND ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY IN KOLKATA CITY","authors":"M. Patra, Sanjib Debnath","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711-C1-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711-C1-028","url":null,"abstract":"Toward applications by policy and program planners working within the nexus linking public administration and public health in supporting sustainable, built, complex adaptive healthy communities; predictive big data analytics is a series of emerging datascience methods by which critical connections are made and strengthened through the sharing and data mining of massive quantities of data located across diverse public datasets. The days of studying and working in any one discipline or niche are quite likely over; and, the polymath mind and related analytical techniques rules the process of future public policy planning in solving social problems that impact the health and welfare of communities. Big data predictive analytical tools provides communities with the power to make better informed decisions rather than relying on guesswork based on inadequate data access and analysis. Prediction from the massive amount of existing data is empowering, but, not perfect. However, any real time driven prediction remains more powerful and satisfying than merely relying on a public agency’s best guess. The concept of big data reflects the reality today that massive amounts of data are stored in a variety of depositories; and, are awaiting download and analysis by public community planners and others. Big data is characterized by volume, velocity, variety, and vector. Volume is easy to understand. There is so much data stored it is characterized as big or massive and it is now measured in zettabytes (bytes with 20 zeros following). Velocity is also a characteristic since big data moves through the network with lightning speed. Further complicating how big data is downloaded and analyzed is the almost infinite Variety characterizing the type of data and its storage format as it arrives and is stored in various massive databases under widely differing categories which makes data mining complicated. The characteristic of Vector illustrates the direction of a social problem or pandemic disease such as obesity; and, tells policy makers whether it is getting better, worse, or is remaining relatively stable over time and geographic distance. These characteristics have driven the development of new statistical analysis tools capable of downloading massive amounts of data (Volume) at high rates of speed as new data arrives (Velocity) thus providing real-time updates, and mines critical information regardless of how it is stored (Variety) while not drilling down to individual identities thus ensuring privacy; and indicating (Vectors) and concentrations that can be mapped using GIS technology. This revolution in data management and analysis has created a new kind of professional; the data scientist who combines knowledge of computers with statistics and knowledge of the environment of smart, healthy communities in the 21 st century. The benefits are readily available; but, the trajectory and speed of progress are accelerating in the direction of improved prediction in co","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home and Foster-Care Adolescents","authors":"Jerome Essono Ngundue","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711-C1-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711-C1-027","url":null,"abstract":"Poster: \"18th ICID / UMP.329 / Disparities in Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home and Foster-Care Adolescents\" by: \"J. Ngundue; Little Rock, AR/US\"","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70524275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Level of Education of Women Residing in the Parish of Angochagua-Ibarra and its Effect in the Sexual and Reproductive Health","authors":"Sara Mrr, Viviana Mej, María Fvd, Maritza Mam, Steven Jcr","doi":"10.4172/2161-0711.1000576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000576","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the education has a fundamental role as base of knowledge and allows the development of skills which empower men, women and adolescents in decisions making and responsibility of health, it is relevant the education in health in alternative scope which offers the option to choose patterns and behaviors, related to its particular form to interpret the sexuality, realigning the individual with the social and broaden it without antagonistic conflicts. \u0000Objective of study: To establish the relation between the educational level of women who live in Angochagua parish from Ibarra-Ecuador and its incidence in their sexual and reproductive health. \u0000Materials and methods: It is a non-experimental qualitative design of observational, descriptive and transversal type where women from 15 to 61 years were included who lived in the area where the study was conducted and whom after a previous authorization was applied a survey. \u0000Results: It was evident a directly proportional relation between literacy and access to programs of health care, a high rate of pregnancies in young, unmarried women, a high rate of children and deceased children from early ages in women with low level of education. The 90% of investigated women from 45 to 61 years who live in the rural areas which were studied did not enter in the school and they do not read nor write, as a result, due to lack of educational level affected in their reproductive life with more children. \u0000Conclusion: The young women with higher educational levels have limited knowledge of sexual and reproductive health and although their condition related to older women and less educated has improved, the rural woman is discriminated too as a person, and it is unknown her universal right of health care.","PeriodicalId":73681,"journal":{"name":"Journal of community medicine & health education","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2161-0711.1000576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44817057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}