Journal of clinical virology plus最新文献

{"title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus among a group of hemophilia patients in Kurdistan Region, Iraq","authors":"Salih A. Hama","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The risk of blood-borne infections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), continues to persist in developing countries among patients who receive blood products, such as hemophiliacs, but there is a lack of up-to-date data in such countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among a group of hemophilia patients in Kurdistan Region, Iraq.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cross-sectional study, conducted from June to September 2022, screened 117 hemophilic patients in the region for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies using serologic assays.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred fifteen participants were male (98.3 %) with a mean age of 20.7 years (8–47). HBV seropositivity was found in 9 (7.7 %) patients, while HCV seropositivity was noted in 15 (12.8 %). No significant correlation was observed between HBV/HCV infectivity status and age, residency, or education status (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>). The prevalence of only HBV was significantly higher among patients with more frequent clotting factor intake (<em>p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.016</em>), which was associated with lower odds of HBV positivity (OR = 0.034, 95 % CI: 0.002–0.492). Moreover, HCV seropositive patients were more commonly associated with surgical history compared to negative cases (20 %vs. 3.9 %; <em>p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.044</em>), which was associated with significantly increased odds of HCV positivity (OR = 6.125, 95 % CI: 1.221–30.719).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals an intermediate prevalence of HBV (7.7 %) and a high prevalence of HCV (12.8 %) infections among hemophilia patients in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of APRI and MELD scores in the prediction of complications of chronic hepatitis in patients infected with hepatitis B or C viruses in Lubumbashi, democratic republic of Congo","authors":"Arsène Kabamba-Tshikongo ,&nbsp;Adolphe Baleebenga ,&nbsp;Bernard Kalunga-Tompa ,&nbsp;Claude Mwamba-Mulumba ,&nbsp;Henry Manya-Mboni ,&nbsp;Cedrick Mutombo-Shakalenga ,&nbsp;Pierrot Mwamba-Tshilumba ,&nbsp;Sébastien Bontems ,&nbsp;Géraldine Dessilly ,&nbsp;Benoît Kabamba-Mukadi ,&nbsp;Albert Longanga-Otshudi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The indication for treatment of viral hepatitis B and C depends on the degree of deterioration of liver function and secondarily viral load. APRI and MELD scores are WHO-validated tests for the assessment of liver fibrosis. They are inexpensive and non-invasive. Many patients suffer from viral hepatitis B or C in the Democratic Republic of Congo. These scores are an asset in the medical management of these patients. The objective of this study was to compare APRI and MELD scores in the prediction of fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B in Lubumbashi. It included infected patients followed in the gastroenterology departments of the hospitals of Lubumbashi and the Center of Excellence and Expertise for Viral Hepatitis and other Pathologies (CEEHP). Biological parameters of patient samples were evaluated to calculate APRI and MELD scores. Analytical performance of APRI and MELD scores was evaluated by using liver biopsy as gold standard.</div><div>The APRI and MELD scores had a sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 93.5 and 88.6 %, respectively. In the fibrosis group of patients infected with HBV, the mean APRI score was of 1.89 whereas the mean MELD score was of 12.4 Incorporating these scores in routine clinical practice could reduce the morbidity rate, the costs related to the practice of liver biopsy and thus improve the routine management of viral hepatitis in Lubumbashi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on the correlation between COVID-19 and lower urinary tract symptoms","authors":"Ashkan Shafigh ,&nbsp;Amir Mohammadi-Garebagh ,&nbsp;Kavous Shahsavarinia ,&nbsp;Sona Tayebi ,&nbsp;Ali Mostafaei ,&nbsp;Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr ,&nbsp;Sakineh Hajebrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>COVID-19 can lead to extrapulmonary symptoms such as Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). We aimed to investigate the impact of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the lower urinary tract in patients affected by COVID-19. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using the terms \"COVID-19,\" \"SARS-CoV-2,\" and \"Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms\" with various combinations in MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) databases. The studies were selected based on eligibility criteria, and quantitative data were extracted using the data extraction tool from JBI-MAStARI. A total of 988 articles were found through the literature search. Twenty-five articles were included in our qualitative evaluation, and seven studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The qualitative publications were systematically reviewed separately under the titles of LUTS, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and kidney failures or kidney transplant recipients. The analysis of eligible studies showed a 3.3 % prevalence of LUTS in infected patients (95 % CI: 2.0 % - 5.3 %; Q-value: 1021.397, I2: 97.45 %). Furthermore, frequency and urgency were the most prevalent symptoms in the eligible meta-analysis studies, with 15.3 % (95 % CI: 5.7 % – 34.9 % in 4 studies) and 11.5 % (95 % CI: 7.1 % - 18.1 % in two studies), respectively. The prevalence of LUTS among COVID-19 patients was 3.3 %, with common symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency, UTI, and hematuria. Long-term follow-up and consideration of pre-existing LUTS are essential for improving understanding and clinical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study to evaluate the clinical specificity of the cobas® MPX test kit for screening for HIV RNA, HCV RNA, and HBV DNA in blood donation samples using the cobas® 6800 system in HBV endemic areas","authors":"Lei Zhou ,&nbsp;Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Gong ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Liu ,&nbsp;Yaxuan Zou ,&nbsp;Yingying Wang ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Zeng ,&nbsp;Liang Zang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nucleic acid testing (NAT) is widely used for screening blood donors for infectious diseases to enhance transfusion safety. Roche's advanced cobas® MPX assay detects human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) using the cobas® 6800/5800 Systems, based on real-time PCR technology, providing improved sensitivity. This study aims to evaluate the clinical sensitivity and specificity of the cobas® MPX assay and its effectiveness in identifying infected donors in HBV endemic areas, particularly those with occult HBV infection (OBI).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 12,067 donor samples from the Dalian Blood Center (DLBC, northern China) were tested for HIV, HCV, and HBV using both the cobas® MPX assay on the cobas® 6800 system and the previous generation cobas® TaqScreen MPX test v2.0 on the cobas s 201 system as the reference method. Testing was conducted using individual-donation testing (IDT) and primary pool of six donations (PP6), following the manufacturer's instructions and the operational procedures of the instruments. Samples with inconsistent results underwent repeated confirmation tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cobas® MPX demonstrated 100.00 % overall percent agreement (95 % CI, 99.22 %-100.00 %) for IDT and 99.89 % (95 % CI, 99.82 %-99.95 %) for PP6. Kappa coefficients were 1.0 for IDT and 0.76 for PP6. Cobas® MPX specificity was 100.00 % (95 % CI, 99.22 %-100.00 %) for IDT and 99.99 % (95 % CI, 99.94 %-100.00 %) for PP6. Sensitivity was 100.00 % (95 % CI, 2.50 %-100.00 %) for IDT and 86.67 % (95 % CI, 68.36 %-95.64 %) for PP6. A total of 12 HBV NAT-yield cases were detected by cobas® MPX.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cobas® MPX demonstrated outstanding sensitivity and specificity in screening HIV, HCV, and HBV in routine blood donations, particularly enhancing occult HBV detection in endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of cytokine storm with ocular fundus abnormalities in critically ill patients with severe viral pneumonia","authors":"Yun Yu ,&nbsp;Yun-jiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Qi-hang Zhou,&nbsp;Xiao-yin Zhou,&nbsp;Yu-qing Lan,&nbsp;Hai-jun Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the relationship between ocular fundus abnormalities and cytokines in patients with severe viral pneumonia, aiming to provide targeted diagnostic recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We assessed critically ill patients with severe viral pneumonia and categorized them into the survivor (17 patients, 33 eyes) and deceased (30 patients, 58 eyes) groups. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to assess associations between cytokine levels and fundus abnormalities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the deceased group, the vascular fractal dimension (FD) and vessel density (VD) were lower and negatively correlated with interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-6 but positively correlated with IL-5. In the survivor group, arterial dilatation and reduced curvature were positively correlated with IL-6 and negatively correlated with IL-2 and IL-12; moreover, venous abnormalities were negatively correlated with IL-5, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. In the deceased group, venous abnormalities were positively correlated with IL-10 and negatively correlated with IL-5, IL-1β, and TNF-α. The cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) was lower in the deceased group, with a significant reduction in rim width (RW), especially in the superior region. In the survivor group, the CDR was negatively correlated with IL-10, while in the deceased group, it was positively correlated with IL-6. RW was positively correlated with IL-1β, IL-5, and IL-10 in the survivor group and with IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 in the deceased group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fundus vascular abnormalities and optic disc edema are associated with cytokine levels in patients with severe viral pneumonia, with significant differences between survivors and deceased patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for outbreak detection in hospital: A single centre prospective study","authors":"Hania Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Alexandra M.A. Hicks ,&nbsp;Aaron Hinz ,&nbsp;Prachi Ray ,&nbsp;Jennie Johnstone ,&nbsp;Derek R. MacFadden ,&nbsp;Jason A. Moggridge ,&nbsp;Michael Fralick","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Healthcare facilities remain at risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks. Proactive surveillance strategies can potentially mitigate the risk of these outbreaks.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine whether results from the environmental detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from floor swabs could be provided to the Infection Prevention and Control (IPAC) team in near real-time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a 9-week prospective study at a rehabilitation hospital in Toronto, Canada. Beginning in October 2023, we swabbed the hallways and adjoining areas of one of the floors of the hospital. This floor consisted of two separate units: the Medical Rehab Unit and the Transitional Care Unit, each accommodating 32 patients. Swabs were assayed for SARS-CoV-2 by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results from the floor swabs, including percentage positivity for SARS-CoV-2 and number of viral RNA copies, were sent to the hospital's infection control team twice-weekly. Number of patients with COVID-19, confirmed and suspected COVID-19 outbreaks, and acute transfers to another hospital were recorded over the study duration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 465 swabs were collected, and 232 (50%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The turnaround time from floor swabbing to the results being provided to IPAC ranged from 1–6 days with an average turnaround time of 1.9 days (interquartile range: 1 to 2 days). Swab positivity in the Medical Rehab Unit (65%, 95% CI: 58–71%) was significantly greater than the Transitional Care Unit (38%, 95% CI: 32–44%). During the study period there were 4 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 on the Medical Rehab Unit and none on the Transitional Care Unit. There was one suspected COVID-19 outbreak on the Medical Rehab Unit: three COVID-19 cases were identified within six days; all patients on the unit were tested for COVID-19; no further cases were identified and no outbreak was declared. During the suspected outbreak, the percentage of floor swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 peaked, at 100% in the Medical Rehab Unit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Floor swabs were provided to IPAC in almost real-time; however, delays in shipments in some instances led to delays in the results being made available. Larger studies over an extended timeframe are needed to better understand whether environmental surveillance can aid IPAC decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of the Parkinson's disease-linked protein Parkin are specifically elevated in COVID-19","authors":"Nadezhda G. Gumanova,&nbsp;Natalya L. Bogdanova,&nbsp;Alexander Yu. Gorshkov","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is known to cause various unfavorable effects, including neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present study was to assess comparative serum protein profiles specifically associated with COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>COVID-19 infection was confirmed by the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-SARS antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein receptor-binding domain in serum samples collected in 2019–2021. IgG antibodies to adenovirus (IgG-AdV) were analyzed in serum samples collected in 2016–2018 prior the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparative protein profiling was conducted in matched serum samples with positive or negative IgG-SARS-status using the Signaling Explorer Antibody Array (SET100) that included 1358 specific antibodies in two replicates. This analysis identified Parkin as a top protein discriminating between the SARS-positive and negative status. The results were validated using in-house ELISA in the serum of participants recruited in 2019- 2021. Specificity versus another viral infection was tested in the serum samples with positive or negative status of IgG-AdV antibodies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High serum levels of the Parkinson's disease-linked protein Parkin were associated with SARS-positive status (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) but were not associated with IgG-AdV-positive-status (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Specific associations of Parkin with COVID-19 contribute to identification of the signaling pathways linked to COVID-19 effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of the Qiagen BK virus ASR on the NeuMoDx system","authors":"Amorce Lima,&nbsp;Luciano Soares,&nbsp;Caroline Simmons,&nbsp;Laura Rowe,&nbsp;Dominic Uy,&nbsp;Deanna Becker,&nbsp;Suzane Silbert","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>BK virus (BKV) is the main cause of polyomavirus‐associated nephropathy in kidney transplant patients and hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow recipients. BKV quantitation by PCR is crucial in diagnostic and therapeutic management of transplant patients infected with BKV. We evaluated the performance of the Qiagen BKV ASR for the quantification of BKV on the NeuMoDx™ 96 System and compared the results to our standard of care (SOC) test, the Diasorin BKV ASR on the Liaison® MDX.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The analytical performance was assessed using commercially available BKV Panels that meet the 1^st WHO International Standards for BKV nucleic acid amplification techniques. The clinical performance was evaluated using 204 residual plasma and urine samples previously identified with the SOC assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The assay exhibited a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.9985) with the reference panel and an excellent analytical accuracy (R² = 0.9976). The LoD was determined to be 50 IU/mL with remarkable precision within and between days (SDEV 0.00—0.57 and 0.05—0.31, respectively). Of the 204 samples, only 10 (4.9 %) were discordant (PPA = 92.37 %; NPA = 100 %). Although the Qiagen BKV ASR quantified BKV DNA at an average of 0.48 Log IU/mL lower than the SOC, it showed a strong concordance to the SOC results. Compared to the SOC, the Qiagen BKV ASR had a more automated workflow, with less hands-on time, leading to quicker turnaround time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Qiagen BKV ASR is specific, sensitive, and accurate in quantifying BKV in plasma and urine specimens on the fully automated NeuMoDx™ 96 System.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of respiratory viruses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Brazil","authors":"Veridiana Piva Richter ,&nbsp;Fernanda de-Paris ,&nbsp;Márcia Rosane Pires ,&nbsp;Hugo Bock","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory viral infections affect millions of people worldwide and are life threatening for many of them. The viral seasonality leads to changes in the dynamics of respiratory infections and the importance of monitoring and surveillance of respiratory viruses becomes clearer.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to analyze data from respiratory virus testing at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) to evaluate their epidemiology from 2018 to 2021, observing their occurrence and seasonality before and after the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>In this study, data analysis was divided into four time periods, corresponding to 2018 to 2021. Anonymized patients diagnosed with influenza virus (FLU), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), SARS-CoV-2 virus, or human adenovirus (HAdV) were included. We conducted chi-square goodness-of-fit tests for each virus by year, and a p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All analyzed respiratory viruses presented reduced case numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic, except FLU, which showed an increase of four cases in 2021 compared to 2019. For most viruses, the lowest incidence of confirmed cases was found in 2020. Furthermore, when excluding SARS-CoV-2, HRSV presented the most positive cases during the studied period, except in 2020. Besides SARS-CoV-2, the FLU was the only other respiratory virus that recorded deaths. It was also possible to observe that the number of SARS-CoV-2 cases reduced from April 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We observed that most respiratory tract viral infections decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this result may be associated with the public interventions for containing the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the reduction of these other viruses may have resulted from the measures for prevention conducted by HCPA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid review of the epidemiology and combating strategies of hepatitis C virus infection in Ghana","authors":"Marcarious M. Tantuoyir ,&nbsp;Muhammed Camara ,&nbsp;Marjan Sohrabi ,&nbsp;SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ,&nbsp;Zahra Ahmadinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contribution of viral hepatitis including hepatitis C virus (HCV) to morbidity and death is thought to be substantial in Ghana and should be accorded greater attention. Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched, as well as the Google Scholar search engine, for primary studies published from 1995–2023 inclusive. We specifically searched for primary studies as well as studies using both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The country lacks population-based studies and comprehensive national HCV surveillance systems, making it difficult to estimate the true burden of HCV accurately. The prevalence of HCV infection is estimated to be between 1.75 and 3.4 % in Ghana. The predominant HCV genotype in the country is genotype 2, followed by genotype 1. The prevalence of genotypes 4, 5, and 6 is very low or nonexistent in Ghana. Older age (&gt;50 years), male gender, and HCV genotype 1b are significantly associated with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Ghana is among the high-prevalence HCV infection countries. There is a high prevalence of cirrhosis among HCV-infected individuals, with older age and genotype 1b associated with an increased risk. Consequently, more efforts are needed to increase awareness and implementation of national guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}