Journal of clinical virology plus最新文献

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 antibody response and serum neutralizing capacity of early unvaccinated COVID-19 patients in the Philippines","authors":"Eloina Faye S. Gampoy ,&nbsp;Gielenny M. Salem ,&nbsp;Jedhan U. Galula ,&nbsp;Fresthel Monica M. Climacosa ,&nbsp;Leslie Michelle M. Dalmacio ,&nbsp;Day-Yu Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly the dynamics of antigen-specific and isotype-specific antibodies, is critical for understanding disease progression and outcomes. This study characterizes the antibody profiles and serum neutralizing capacity as well as its relationship with disease severity among COVID-19 patients from the Philippines, prior to the national COVID-19 vaccination rollout.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 177 serum samples from 67 hospitalized patients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed during the first wave of the pandemic between October 2020 to April 2021. Various antibody isotypes (IgG, IgM, and IgA) against SARS-CoV-2 S1, S2, RBD, and N proteins, as well as IgG antibodies against human ACE2, were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum neutralizing capacity was assessed by ACE2-RBD binding inhibition assay and pseudovirus neutralization assays. The relationship of the binding antibodies with various clinical parameters was also determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody responses were associated with disease severity within two weeks of symptom onset. Notably, IgM responses positively correlated with elevated inflammatory markers, including ferritin and C-reactive protein, while IgM-N predicted in-hospital mortality. However, patient sera lacked neutralizing activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain. While the anti-ACE2 IgG antibodies were detected, their presence was not associated with disease severity or inflammatory responses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that while binding antibodies are prevalent early in infection among COVID-19 patients early in the pandemic, serum neutralizing capacity remains low in the absence of vaccination. The clinical significance of detectable anit-ACE2 antibodies in COVID-19 warrants further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes of remdesivir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin: A large-scale data analysis using a Japanese claims database","authors":"Manami Yoshida ,&nbsp;Nao Taguchi ,&nbsp;Yi Piao ,&nbsp;Rikisha Gupta ,&nbsp;Jami Peters ,&nbsp;Mazin Abdelghany ,&nbsp;Mel Chiang ,&nbsp;Chen-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Mark Berry ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To describe treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) hospitalized for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) treated with remdesivir (RDV).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included data from patients aged ≥ 18 years with DM on insulin, hospitalized for moderate to severe COVID-19, and who received ≥ 1 dose of RDV between October 2021 and September 2022, using a Japanese medical claims database. All-cause mortality, progression to severe COVID-19, and hospital discharge/recovery status were evaluated up to 56 days from the index date defined as RDV initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis included 502 patients. The mean (SD) age at index was 74.4 (12.5) years. Median (Q1–Q3) time to RDV initiation was 2.0 (1.0–3.0) days from hospital admission; median treatment duration was 5.0 (3.0–5.0) days. At index date, 36.85 % of patients had moderate I disease (hospitalized without oxygen support), 58.96 % had moderate II disease (non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, low/high-flow oxygen), and 4.18 % had severe disease (ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). Proportion of patients with all-cause mortality was 11.16 % (95 % CI, 8.54–14.24) and 13.15 % (10.32–16.42) by 28 and 56 days. At 28 days, 12.35 % (9.60–15.55) of patients had disease progression, and 68.13 % (63.85–72.19) had recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Most patients were elderly and required oxygen support when initiating RDV. The majority of patients received RDV within 3 days of hospitalization and recovered by 28 days. The study provides insight into outcomes in Japanese COVID-19 patients with DM treated with RDV in inpatient settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive HPV genotyping in Fars, Iran: Molecular epidemiology and implications for prevention","authors":"Amirreza Radfar ,&nbsp;Neda Pirbonyeh ,&nbsp;Afagh Moattari","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection, with high-risk genotypes contributing to cervical and other cancers. While HPV epidemiology has been studied in Iran, comprehensive genotype distribution data remain limited for Fars province. This study examines HPV prevalence and genotype distribution to inform regional prevention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study analyzed 616 samples collected from a clinical laboratory between 2021 and 2024. HPV DNA was detected using nested PCR, and genotyping was performed via reverse hybridization. Associations between HPV status, risk classification, gender, and sample collection method were statistically assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 56.3 % of individuals tested positive for HPV. High-risk HPV was detected in 56.6 % of positive cases, with HPV-16 (29.6 %) and HPV-18 (6.8 %) being the most common oncogenic types. Low-risk HPV-6 (35.0 %) and HPV-11 (17.1 %) were also prevalent. No significant associations were found between HPV status and age (<em>p</em> = 0.346), gender (<em>p</em> = 0.998), or sample collection method (<em>p</em> = 0.998).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The predominance of vaccine-covered HPV types underscores the need for expanded screening and targeted prevention programs in Fars province. Although demographic factors were not significantly associated with HPV status, the high burden of high-risk types necessitates stronger regional public health interventions. These findings contribute valuable epidemiological data to enhance HPV control measures and optimize vaccination policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicenter performance comparison of the hepatitis C antibody serology assay on the new Atellica integrated chemistry and immunoassay analyzer","authors":"Joe M. El-Khoury ,&nbsp;Anthony Bonito ,&nbsp;Rachel Fonstad ,&nbsp;Michael Anostario ,&nbsp;Michael Quintanilla ,&nbsp;Neil Birmingham ,&nbsp;Amin A. Mohammad","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>To ensure more effective identification of individuals at risk of transmitting hepatitis C virus (HCV), the Centers for Disease Control suggest that all adults should undergo a one-time anti-HCV serological testing, driving increase in demand for high-performance, automated HCV serology assays. The Atellica CI analyzer is a new stand-alone, high-throughput integrated chemistry and immunoassay (IM) analyzer utilizing Atellica assays. This study evaluated the performance of the Atellica IM anti-HCV antibodies (aHCV) assay on the Atellica CI analyzer across 3 sites in the United States (U.S).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Precision, cutoff bias analysis and qualitative method comparison studies were performed on Atellica CI and Atellica IM analyzers. Method comparison was evaluated using serum specimens (<em>n</em> = 278) from aHCV positive individuals and negative individuals at increased risk for exposure to HCV, as well as 9 commercially available HCV seroconversion panels.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Repeatability and reproducibility %CVs were &lt;3.0 % and 6.5 % respectively, on the Atellica CI, and equivalent on each analyzer for samples at or above 0.80 Index. Bias in Index values around cutoff was estimated at – 7 % between the analyzers. Negative and positive agreement between the Atellica CI and Atellica IM analyzers were 100 % and 99.23 %, respectively, for aHCV samples, and 100 % for the 9 HCV seroconversion panels tested.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first report on analytical and clinical performance of the Atellica IM aHCV assay on the Atellica CI analyzer. The findings demonstrate its reliability for HCV serological testing, its consistency with the Atellica IM analyzer and provide practical considerations for operating both analyzers interchangeably, potentially supporting workflow efficiency in a hub-and-spoke laboratory setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 sequences obtained in Tanzania during the pandemic","authors":"Nicholaus P. Mnyambwa ,&nbsp;Jinxin Gao ,&nbsp;Alex Magesa ,&nbsp;Edina Mgimba ,&nbsp;Swaminathan Mahesh ,&nbsp;Pawan Angra ,&nbsp;Juma Kisuse ,&nbsp;Clara Lubinza ,&nbsp;Lawrence Mapunda ,&nbsp;Aman Wilfred ,&nbsp;Godfather Kimaro ,&nbsp;George P. Judicate ,&nbsp;Ambele Eliah ,&nbsp;Augustino Msanga ,&nbsp;Senkoro Mbazi ,&nbsp;Esther Ngadaya ,&nbsp;Mukurasi Kokuhabwa ,&nbsp;Jackson P. Mushumbusi ,&nbsp;Medard Beyanga ,&nbsp;Wangeci Gatei ,&nbsp;Sayoki Mfinanga","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Genomic sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from Tanzania remain scarce in GISAID, thus hindering our understanding of how the pandemic evolved in the country.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed whole genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 samples collected between March 2021 and December 2022 to characterize the virus in Tanzania. Nasal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from patients seeking health care, incoming travelers as well as from outgoing travelers undergoing pre-travel COVID-19 testing (required for flight boarding). Sample collection, and testing were coordinated by the National Public Health Laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 515 samples, 260 (50.49 %) were from outgoing travelers, 227 (44.08 %) Covid-19 suspects seeking care, and 28 (5.44 %) incoming travelers identified at the airport. The majority of the samples came from Dar es Salaam (<em>n</em> = 380, 73.7 %), the country's largest city and the main port of entry. We identified 74 Pango lineages from all the samples, with Omicron 430 (83.50 %) and Delta 79 (15 %) variants being predominant. From the 380 Dar es Salaam samples, 67 Pango lineages were identified, showing both overlapping and unique lineages in each sample type.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings reveal a dynamic circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants over time, with Delta predominantly observed in 2021 and Omicron in 2022 in Tanzania. The temporal prevalence of the identified lineages was consistent with the global epidemiology of the virus. Sustained and expanded genomic surveillance is recommended to track and respond effectively to emerging variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B and C infection in tuberculosis patients in the Hauts Bassins region of Burkina Faso, West Africa","authors":"Armel Moumouni Sanou ,&nbsp;Abdoulaye Dera ,&nbsp;Jeoffray Diendere ,&nbsp;Nina Mathuola Geneviève Ouattara ,&nbsp;Eric Kyelem ,&nbsp;Arhouna Siguina Traore ,&nbsp;Arouna Dao ,&nbsp;Arielle Sandra Bettina Badiel ,&nbsp;Ina Marie Angèle Traore ,&nbsp;Michel Kiréopori.B Gomgnimbou ,&nbsp;Isidore Bonkoungou ,&nbsp;Gautier Henri Ouedraogo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB) and viral hepatitis B and C represent significant public health concerns. Co-infection with TB and hepatitis B and/or C results in significant complications, including suboptimal treatment outcomes in TB and the development of hepatitis induced by anti-TB drugs. At present, no data on these co-infections are available for Burkina Faso. This study investigates the epidemiology of these co-infections in TB patients in the Hauts-Bassins region of Burkina Faso. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in health facilities involved in the management of TB in the Hauts-Bassins region of Burkina Faso from October 2023 to June 2024. For each consenting TB patient, data were collected. A blood sample was obtained and analyzed for a range of infection markers (HBsAg, HBV DNA, anti-HCV antibodies, and HCV RNA) and liver enzymes (ALT and γ-GT). A total of 259 TB patients were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 39.7 ± 15.9 years. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 10.03 % and 3.8 % for anti-HCV. Among the HBsAg-positive samples, HBV DNA was detected in all cases, with 68.2 % exhibiting a viral load exceeding 20,000 IU/mL. Elevated ALT was observed in 19.2 % of TB/HBsAg patients and in 30.0 % of TB/anti-HCV. About γ-GT, an elavated result was observed in 46.1 % of TB/HBsAg patients and 40.0 % of TB/anti-HCV patients. The results demonstrated a high prevalence of hepatitis B and intermediate exposure to HCV in TB patients. It is thus recommended that routine screening for these diseases be considered in TB patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated levels of platelet-activating factor and syndecan-1 in severe dengue infections","authors":"Sri Masyeni ,&nbsp;I Made Wisnu Wardhana ,&nbsp;Pande Ayu Nayakasih Permatananda ,&nbsp;Arya Giri Prebawa ,&nbsp;Saraswati Laksmi Dewi ,&nbsp;Erni Juwita Nelwan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe dengue is a serious infection associated with cytokine storms.</div><div>Objectives: This study investigated the roles of platelet-activating factor (PAF), syndecan-1, and matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) in dengue severity.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Blood samples were collected to confirm the diagnosis of dengue infection, and to assess disease severity. Tests performed included non-structural protein 1 dengue test, immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin M dengue tests, real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a complete blood count. Patients with dengue infection were classified as having dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median levels of PAF, syndecan-1, and MMP-9 in all patients were 73.27 (14.2–769.1) pg/mL, 5.4 (2–64.3) pg/mL, and 197.8 (95.3–962.8) pg/mL, respectively. The levels of all three biomarkers were significantly higher in the dengue hemorrhagic fever and secondary infection groups; with <em>p</em> values &lt; 0.001. Multivariate analysis revealed that PAF and syndecan-1 levels significantly correlated with the severity of dengue infection. Syndecan-1 had the strongest correlation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.43, whereas PAF had a correlation coefficient of 0.30.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PAF and syndecan-1 were both independently associated with severe dengue; however, further longitudinal studies are required to validate their predictive potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring humoral immune response following COVID-19 immunization and booster dose: A prospective study in tunisian healthcare workers","authors":"Chiraz Naffouti ,&nbsp;Hela Hannachi ,&nbsp;Wafa Aissi ,&nbsp;Ikram Ayari ,&nbsp;Fatma Ben Salem ,&nbsp;Manel Hamdoun ,&nbsp;Olfa Bahri","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are deployed worldwide, assessing the kinetics and magnitude of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-vaccination at various time points is crucial to optimize immunization strategies. This study aims to evaluate the humoral response in healthcare workers (HCWs) after primary vaccination and booster doses both in the short and long term and to examine the effect of preexisting immunity, age, sex, and vaccine type on this response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prior to the primary vaccination, an initial serology was performed to determine the immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Based on the outcomes of this serology or the rapid diagnostic tests, participants were split into two groups: COVID-19-free and COVID-19-recovered people. In each group, serological tests were conducted one and six months following the first vaccination(M1,M6).The vaccines administrated were mRNA, viral vector and inactivated viral vaccines. The follow-up was done one and six months after the booster dose (mRNA vaccine) (M1B,M6B). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG were evaluated using the Access SARS-CoV-2 IgGII® test (BECKMAN COULTER).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 319 HCWs were sampled. For COVID-19-recovered people, the median anti-S level was significantly higher at 130AU/mL(IQR 51.5–184) compared to 89AU/mL(IQR 34.1–145.4),<strong><em>p</em></strong> <strong>=</strong> <strong>0.0042.</strong> At every stage, there was a statistically significant increase in anti-S levels in adenovirus or inactivated vaccinations. Participants who received mRNA vaccines had significantly the highest anti-S levels at M1, M6, and M6B, according to post-hoc analysis. The anti-S level increased significantly one month after the third dose, from 12.7AU/mL(IQR 6.4–28.4) to 140.6AU/mL(IQR 88.6–258.5),<strong><em>p</em></strong> <strong>&lt;</strong> <strong>0.001</strong>. Six months after the booster dose, the anti-S titer dropped but remained positive at 40.8AU/mL(IQR22.5–91.3). In every time period, there was no correlation or association between anti-S level and age or sex.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The administration of mRNA vaccines allows to an enhanced humoral response in individuals recovering from COVID-19. Six months following the initial immunization, one dose has the same immunogenicity as two doses. However, a third dose of the mRNA vaccine should be given to lengthen the duration of the humoral in both COVID-19-free and COVID-19-recovered people. Booster doses should be administrated to high risk group who can transmit the disease to susceptible patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: Experience with rapid immunochromatography tests and RT‒qPCR","authors":"David Alejandro Cabrera Gaytán ,&nbsp;Porfirio Felipe Hernández Bautista ,&nbsp;Clara Esperanza Santacruz Tinoco ,&nbsp;Julio Elias Alvarado Yaah ,&nbsp;Yu-Mei Anguiano Hernández ,&nbsp;Bernardo Martínez Miguel ,&nbsp;Alfonso Vallejos Parás ,&nbsp;Lumumba Arriaga Nieto ,&nbsp;Nancy Sandoval Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Concepción Grajales Muñiz ,&nbsp;Alejandro Moctezuma Paz ,&nbsp;Leticia Jaimes Betancourt","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mexico has experienced six waves were experiences between 2019 and 2023 of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the first wave, diagnosis relied on RT‒qPCR; rapid tests for SARS‒CoV‒2 were introduced from the second wave onward. However, the patterns of results with this test in Mexico have not been documented in population-based studies.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the temporal patterns of the results from RT-qPCR and rapid immunochromatography tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection from the second to the sixth epidemic wave in Mexico.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This was a multicenter study at the national level. The operational definition of suspected cases of viral respiratory illness, confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico, and data for asymptomatic individuals who required rapid testing between 2020 and 2023 were employed; testing was employed for the entirety of the four years. Positivity was estimated per epidemiological week, state, and condition for both tests. Spearman's correlation coefficient, trend chi-square analysis, and odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1749,765 cases had RT‒qPCR data recorded from 2020 to 2023, and 8356,903 cases with rapid tests were conducted for virus identification. Compared with the rest of the country, the southeastern region exhibited different patterns. The positivity rate of rapid tests from the epidemiological surveillance system was lower than that of RT‒qPCR during interepidemics periods, whereas the positivity rate of rapid tests for symptomatic individuals was higher than that of RT‒qPCR tests over two years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rapid tests for SARS-CoV-2 identification in Mexico were affordable and timely at the local level. These tests revealed differing epidemic wave patterns in the southeastern region of the country.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent nucleic acids from endemic human coronaviruses in adenoids: Do they enhance children's immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection?","authors":"Kira Winkler ,&nbsp;Lucia Otten ,&nbsp;Alina Abramian ,&nbsp;Eva Weber ,&nbsp;Florian Winkler ,&nbsp;Niklas Klümper ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Schmidt ,&nbsp;Zahrasadat Safavieh ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Eis-Hübinger ,&nbsp;Stephan Herberhold","doi":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcvp.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs), including HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-229E, are endemic viruses that circulate globally and infect humans. In contrast to SARS-CoV-2, which causes more severe symptoms, these endemic HCoVs typically induce mild cold symptoms and confer only temporary immunity [<span><span>1</span></span>,<span><span>2</span></span>]]. Understanding the presence and persistence of HCoVs in the human population, particularly in asymptomatic individuals, is crucial for understanding their potential role in immunity and viral dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the presence of nucleic acids of endemic HCoVs (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-229E) in individuals without symptoms of acute respiratory infection. A total of 78 adenoid tissue samples were collected from children (up to 10 years old) without current symptoms of airway infection. The samples were analyzed using RT-nested PCR to detect viral RNA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 78 adenoid samples, 24 (30,8 %) tested positive for at least one type of endemic HCoV. Additionally, throat swabs were collected from 56 participants immediately before surgery. Endemic HCoV RNA was rarely detected in these throat swabs, with only 3 out of 56 samples testing positive.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings suggest the frequent presence of endemic HCoV nucleic acids in the lymphatic tissue of Waldeyer's ring, especially in children. This observation supports the concept of these viruses acting as immune triggers. The persistence of viral remnants in the adenoid tissue may contribute to continuous immune surveillance, which could have implications for immunity to future infections and for understanding viral dynamics in asymptomatic individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73673,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical virology plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}