Journal of biotechnology and its applications最新文献

{"title":"Sinogram Interpolation Inspired by Single-Image Super Resolution.","authors":"Carolyn Christiansen,&nbsp;Gengsheng L Zeng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computed tomography is a medical imaging procedure used to estimate the interior of a patient or an object. Radiation scans are taken at regularly spaced angles around the object, forming a sinogram. This sinogram is then reconstructed into an image representing the contents of the object. This results in a fair amount of radiation exposure for the patient, which increases the risk of cancer. Less radiation and fewer views, however, leads to inferior image reconstruction. To solve this sparse-view problem, a deep-learning model is created that takes as input a sparse sinogram and outputs a sinogram with interpolated data for additional views. The architecture of this model is based on the super-resolution convolutional neural network. The reconstruction of model-interpolated sinograms has less mean-squared error than the reconstruction of the sparse sinogram. It also has less mean-squared error than a reconstruction of a sinogram interpolated using the popular bilinear image-resizing algorithm. This model can be easily adapted to different image sizes, and its simplicity translates into efficiency in both time and memory requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10270693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10016919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gibbs Artifacts Removal with Nonlinearity.","authors":"Gengsheng L Zeng","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gibbs artifacts, appearing as oscillations or ringing around sharp edges or boundaries, are frequently encountered in image processing. They arise when the image's frequency components are adjusted, such as in image deblurring and sharpening. Linear methods are ineffective in reducing Gibbs artifacts; nonlinear methods may be more effective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One such nonlinear method is the use of neural networks. This paper applies a simple convolutional neural network (CNN) to an image sharpening task and observes the effects of Gibbs artifacts. This network has only one convolutional layer, which consists of four channels. The well-known rectified linear unit (ReLU) is used as the nonlinear activation function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For simple one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D), unrealistic case studies, the Gibbs artifacts are completely removed. The reason why the artifacts can be removed is explained.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This simple case study illustrates the power of nonlinear functions and the use of multiple channels. In fact, this task can be achieved without using a neural network.</p>","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11064811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iterative Image Reconstruction with Under-Sampled Data Assisted by a Neural Network.","authors":"Gengsheng L Zeng","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1012","DOIUrl":"10.33425/2771-9014.1012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Image reconstruction with under-sampled data is usually achieved by an iterative algorithm, which minimizes an objective function. The objective function commonly contains a data fidelity term and one or more Bayesian terms. A popular Bayesian term is the total variation (TV) norm of the image.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper suggests an addition Bayesian term that is generated by a neural network. This neural network is essentially a classifier. This classifier can recognize the artifacts caused by the incomplete data. This classifier is trained by patient images reconstructed by complete and incomplete data sets. This newly introduced Bayesian term is referred to as the CNN score, which is a real number in (-∞, ∞).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patient studies show the good correlation between the CNN score and the severeness of the artifacts due to the incomplete measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A neural network can extract features from images that are suffering from incomplete measurements and convert the features into a CNN score. An iterative image reconstruction algorithm can be developed to minimize this CNN score to suppress the artifacts in the reconstructed image.</p>","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10978036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccharomyces Specific- HCP Assay for r-PAI-2 Therapeutic Proteins","authors":"G. Rajasekariah","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Whenever a host cell is employed for a means of propagation of recombinants, some impurities are bound to come across and they are invariably of host cell components and are part of final recombinant proteins. These are investigated for the first time in case of recombinant host, “yeast cells” Saccharomyces. With great care, high affinity antibodies are generated for yeast proteins using Gene-minus (null-cell) yeast components purified by down-stream techniques with appropriate resins for column purification and these antibodies are being used to construct specific sandwich ELISA system to monitor the degree of host contaminants proteins (HCPs). How this is being done and what strategic methods are followed and how the HCP- detection ELISA systems are constructed and what are the limitations?. These points are described and discussed along with prospects of HCPs in the intensified therapeutic proteins preparation. Our HCP assay is sensitive enough to detect 200-250 ppm in the final PAI-2 product.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46316098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptic Processes in Raphe Magnus Nucleus under Activation Periaqueductal Gray Matter on the Model of Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Musheghyan G.Kh, Poghosyan Mv, Minasyan Al, Stepanyan Hy, Sarkissian Js","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1006","url":null,"abstract":"The electrophysiological studies on 4 Albino rats (230 ± 30?.) on the rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease (PD), induced by unilateral injection of rotenone and kept 4 weeks has been conducted. The extracellular online recording of spike activity of 149 single neurons of the Raphe Magnus (RMG) at high frequency stimulation (HFS) of Periaqueductal gray (PAG) had produced. The programmed mathematical analysis of spikes averaged frequency, with recalculation in interpulse intervals and frequencies to assess of degree of manifestation depressor and excitatory effects as well as the frequency of pre- and post-stimulus activation degree of manifestation in terms of diagrams of averaged frequency spikes are used. On the model of PD a significant reduction in quantity of RMG neurons, evoked at HFS PAG by depressor and depressor–excitatory manifestations of activity had been revealed. On the model of PD, the significant reduction in the number of neurons RMG, responding at PAG HFS by depressor and depressor-excitatory manifestations of activity has been revealed. Analysis of relative degree of intensity of depressor and excitatory effects, by way of example diagrams average frequency of spikes, led to the conclusion. It has been discovered the prevalence of excitatory post stimulus manifestations of activity over depressive (on the order of 1.63- and 2.0-multiple). The pre stimulus frequency of activity substantially prevailed in neurons, responding by excitatory effects (on the order of 2.46- and 17.0-multiple in uni- and multidirectional successions, respectively). As regards to post stimulus frequency, the difference is even higher proved– on the order of 14.6 and even 56.5-multiple for uni- and multidirectional sequences, respectively. Besides, especially larger for multidirectional successions. In other words, under PD excitotoxicity revealed, promoting the powerful frequency growth of pre- and post-stimulus activity in both excitatory sequences, testifying about deep neurodegenerative defeat of important ant nociceptive structure – RMG and promotes the emergence of resistant chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45734517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Biochemical Parameters and Growth Response of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Fed with Cirina forda Larvae and Telfaria occidentalis Leaves and their roximate Composition","authors":"Shittu Am, Oyegoke Go, Ayeleke Da, Amusat Ai","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1008","url":null,"abstract":"The mainpurpose of this research is to investigate the biochemical parameters and growth response of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed with Cirina forda larvae and Telfaria occidentalis and the proximate composition of the two leaves. Grounded meals of C. forda larvae and T. occidentalis leaves were administered on C. gariepinus fingerlings at percentage ratio labelled A – H for ten weeks. Each treatment had three replicates and stocked with 10 fingerlings per replicate in 50-litres plastic tank and were fed daily. Blood samples from three randomly selected fish per treatment were obtained and were used to determine biochemical parameters such as Glucose, Cholesterol, Creatinine, Total protein, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Albumin, Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) respectively using standard laboratory procedures. Blood samples for the analysis were collected in Lithium heparinized bottles to avoid clotting. Seven growth parameters; Final body weight (FBW), Body weight gain (BW), Specific growth rate (SGR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Growth rate (GR), Relative growth rate (RGR), and % Survival rate were determined using their respective formulas. The mean ranges of 23.00 - 60.00 mg/dl, 96.67 – 113.67 mg/dl, 1.10 – 1.60 mg/dl, 3.5 – 5.5 mg/dl and 2.03 - 2.70 mg/dl were obtained for glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, total protein, and albumin. Each mean range did not exceed its respective control value and also fell within the normal physiological range for fish. Diets (A, C, D, E, F and G) had lower SGOT mean range of 238.00 – 360.33 Mmol/l was observed as compared to their control values. Diets that lack C. forda were (E, F, G and H) and each group recorded higher SGPT values than the control. Growth parameters values were highly significant (p<0.05) to those of their respective control values. The present study showed that the compounded diet stand a better chance of replacing conventional fish meal due to their impact on fish performances. However, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in moisture, ash and carbohydrate contents of experimental diets. This study has shown that compounded diets containing C. forda larvae and T. occidentalis leaves elicited comparable values to the conventional feeds.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42700074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Crematory Oven System, Economic Depression and Associated Societal Problems","authors":"F. Pirot","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1009","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility to successfully denounce other peoples and get them cremated, with also the arguing that it also is to recycle resources by turning them into electricity / bombs, establishes a collective insecurity that depresses the society progressively. The individual obedience and lack of innovative spirit is the definitive result, it produces a strong economic depression. There is also a secondary effect of the monitoring of people by other people, one near each other in principle, somehow (that the author usually resumes as “peronism” “because people spend their time on the perron, in the middle of doors, to eavesdrop onto each other”) from the incentive to get the indications to denounce to the “social police” that creates the appearance of a thinly weaved society, of social solidarity, while it is in fact the contrary.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42934041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unleashing The Power of Human Capital Education for Sustainable Development in Africa","authors":"Benjamin Anabaraonye, O. Okon, Toyin F Adeniyi, B. Ewa, Samuel N. C. Nwagbo, Emone Emmanuel","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Human capital is one of the vital forces needed to achieve sustainable development and sustainable economic growth in Africa. Unleashing the power of human capital education among the youths in Africa will help to tackle the problems of hunger, poverty and unemployment among the youths. This study explores the vital elements needed to maximize the human capital potentials in Africa which includes team work, talents, training, trustworthy mentors and timely climate change education. It further identifies that climate change is a global issue which we must of necessity tackle with urgency to help unleash the power of human capital in Africa.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69746459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Using Two Sustainable Night Heating Modes on Greenhouse Cultivation","authors":"Douja Sellami, Hassen Boughanmi, S. Bouadila, M. Lazaar, A. B. Salem-Fnayou","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1004","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to study the efficiency of the deployment in Tunisia of the Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) system and of a solar air heater with latent storage (SAHLS) for heating mode application. A pilot GSHP system using conic ground heat exchanger and a SAHLS were installed and experimented in the Research and Technology Center of Energy (CRTEn), Borj Cédria, northern Tunisia. The status of geothermal and the solar air collector energies and their utilization are pointed out, the evaluation of both systems is examined for air heating. Their effect in the growth rate and yield of tomato are also studied. The main results show that the SAHLS gives the appropriate microclimate for plants under greenhouse in comparison with GSHP: high night temperature and low relative humidity. This leads to earliness of 2 weeks and a good quality and quantity of fruits represented by high relative growth rate, high phenolic compounds and a high quantity of marketable fruits.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45327995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drive for Nanobiotechnology","authors":"Afonin Sm","doi":"10.33425/2771-9014.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2771-9014.1002","url":null,"abstract":"The structural model of the drive for nanobiotechnology is obtained. The structural scheme of the drive is constructed. In nanobiotechnology for the control systems with the drive its deformations are determined.","PeriodicalId":73624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biotechnology and its applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46125531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}