JMIRx med最新文献

{"title":"Incidence of Postoperative Diabetes Mellitus After Roux-en-Y Reconstruction for Gastric Cancer: Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study.","authors":"Tatsuki Onishi","doi":"10.2196/56405","DOIUrl":"10.2196/56405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleeve gastrectomy is an effective surgical option for morbid obesity, and it improves glucose homeostasis. In patients with gastric cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), gastrectomy, including total gastrectomy, is beneficial for glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to clarify the effects of gastrectomy and different reconstructive techniques on the incidence of postoperative DM in patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center, cohort study included 715 patients without DM who underwent total gastrectomy at the Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital between August 2005 and March 2019. Patients underwent reconstruction by Roux-en-Y (RY) gastric bypass or other surgical techniques (OT), with DM onset determined by hemoglobin A1c levels or medical records. Analyses included 2-sample, 2-tailed t tests; χ2 tests; and the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests to compare the onset curves between the RY and OT groups, along with additional curves stratified by sex. A Swimmer plot for censoring and new-onset DM was implemented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stratified data analysis compared the RY and OT reconstruction methods. The hazard ratio was 1.52 (95% CI 1.06-2.18; P=.02), which indicated a statistically significant difference in the incidence of new-onset diabetes between the RY and OT groups in patients with gastric cancer. The hazard ratio after propensity score matching was 1.42 (95% CI 1.09-1.86; P=.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This first-of-its-kind study provides insight into how different methods of gastric reconstruction affect postoperative diabetes. The results suggest significant differences in new-onset DM after surgery based on the reconstruction method. This research highlights the need for careful surgical planning to consider potential postoperative DM, particularly in patients with a family history of DM. Future studies should investigate the role of gut microbiota and other reconstructive techniques, such as laparoscopic jejunal interposition, in developing postoperative DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e56405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Human Brucellosis in Iraq: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis From 2007-2018.","authors":"Ali Hazim Mustafa, Hanan Abdulghafoor Khaleel, Faris Lami","doi":"10.2196/64958","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64958","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e64958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' Response to Peer Reviews of \"Development of a Digital Platform to Promote Mother and Child Health in Underserved Areas of a Lower-Middle-Income Country: Mixed Methods Formative Study\".","authors":"Zaeem Ul Haq, Ayesha Naeem, Durayya Zaeem, Mohina Sohail, Noor Ul Ain Pervaiz","doi":"10.2196/60266","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e60266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of \"Development of a Digital Platform to Promote Mother and Child Health in Underserved Areas of a Lower-Middle-Income Country: Mixed Methods Formative Study\".","authors":"","doi":"10.2196/60429","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60429","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e60429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of \"Development of a Digital Platform to Promote Mother and Child Health in Underserved Areas of a Lower-Middle-Income Country: Mixed Methods Formative Study\".","authors":"Jamie Sewan Johnston","doi":"10.2196/60430","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e60430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Digital Platform to Promote Mother and Child Health in Underserved Areas of a Lower-Middle-Income Country: Mixed Methods Formative Study.","authors":"Zaeem Ul Haq, Ayesha Naeem, Durayya Zaeem, Mohina Sohail, Noor Ul Ain Pervaiz","doi":"10.2196/48213","DOIUrl":"10.2196/48213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary health care (PHC) is the backbone of universal health coverage, with community health workers (CHWs) being one of its critical pillars in lower-middle-income countries. Most CHW functions require them to be an efficient communicator, but their program development has been deficient in this area. Can IT provide some solutions? Moreover, can some IT-based CHW-delivered innovations help mothers and children in areas not covered by PHC services? We explored these questions during the development and feasibility testing of a digital application designed to improve the communication capacity of CHWs in two underserved areas of Islamabad.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the perceptions, practices, and related gaps about mother and child health, and child development in an underserved area; develop and deploy a behavior change communication program to address the gaps; and assess the feasibility of the program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a mixed methods study with three steps. First, we conducted 13 in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions with stakeholders to explore the issues faced by mothers living in these underserved areas. To address these barriers, we developed Sehat Ghar, a video-based health education application to demonstrate practices mothers and families needed to adopt. Second, we trained 10 volunteer CHWs from the same community to deliver health education using the application and assessed their pre-post knowledge and skills. Third, these CHWs visited pregnant and lactating mothers in the community with random observation of their work by a supporting supervisor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial exploration revealed a need for health-related knowledge among mothers and suboptimal utilization of public health care. Sehat Ghar used behavior change techniques, including knowledge transfer, enhancing mothers' self-efficacy, and improving family involvement in mother and child care. Volunteer CHWs were identified from the community, who after the training, showed a significant improvement in mean knowledge score (before: mean 8.00, SD 1.49; after: mean 11.40, SD 1.43; P<.001) about health. During supportive supervision, these CHWs were rated as excellent in their interaction with mothers and excellent or very good in using the application. The CHW and her community reported their satisfaction with the application and wanted its delivery regularly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sehat Ghar is a simple, easy-to-use digital application for CHWs and is acceptable to the community. Mothers appreciate the content and presentation and are ready to incorporate its messages into their daily practices. The real-world effectiveness of the innovation tested on 250 mother-infant pairs will be important for its proof of effectiveness. With its usefulness and adaptability, and the rapidly spreading use of mobile phones and internet technology, thi","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e48213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review of “Human Brucellosis in Iraq: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis From 2007-2018”","authors":"","doi":"10.2196/60433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/60433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “Human Brucellosis in Iraq: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis From 2007-2018”","authors":"Ali Hazim Mustafa, H. Khaleel, Faris H. Lami","doi":"10.2196/60194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/60194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"203 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Brucellosis in Iraq: Spatiotemporal Data Analysis From 2007-2018.","authors":"Ali Hazim Mustafa, Hanan Abdulghafoor Khaleel, Faris Lami","doi":"10.2196/54611","DOIUrl":"10.2196/54611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis is both endemic and enzootic in Iraq, resulting in long-term morbidity for humans as well as economic loss. No previous study of the spatial and temporal patterns of brucellosis in Iraq was done to identify potential clustering of cases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to detect the spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in Iraq and identify any changes that occurred from 2007 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Surveillance Section at the Communicable Diseases Control Center, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health in Iraq. The trends of cases by sex and age group from 2007 to 2018 were displayed. The seasonal distribution of the cases from 2007 to 2012 was graphed. We calculated the incidence of human brucellosis per district per year and used local Getis-Ord Gi* statistics to detect the spatial distribution of the data. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and GeoDa software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 51,508 human brucellosis cases were reported during the 12-year study period, with some missing data for age groups. Human brucellosis persisted annually in Iraq across the study period with no specific temporal clustering of cases. In contrast, spatial clustering was predominant in northern Iraq.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were significant differences in the geographic distribution of brucellosis. The number of cases is the highest in the north and northeast regions of the country, which has borders with nearby countries. In addition, people in these areas depend more on locally made dairy products, which can be inadequately pasteurized. Despite the lack of significant temporal clustering of cases, the highest number of cases were reported during summer and spring. Considering these patterns when allocating resources to combat this disease, determining public health priorities, and planning prevention and control strategies is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e54611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Tissue Density in Healthy Children Based on Radiological Data: Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Aleksey Reshetnikov, Natalia Shaikhattarova, Margarita Mazurok, Nadezhda Kasatkina","doi":"10.2196/56759","DOIUrl":"10.2196/56759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Information about the range of Hounsfield values for healthy teeth tissues could become an additional tool in assessing dental health and could be used, among other data, for subsequent machine learning.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of our study was to determine dental tissue densities in Hounsfield units (HU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The total sample included 36 healthy children (n=21, 58% girls and n=15, 42% boys) aged 10-11 years at the time of the study. The densities of 320 teeth tissues were analyzed. Data were expressed as means and SDs. The significance was determined using the Student (1-tailed) t test. The statistical significance was set at P<.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The densities of 320 teeth tissues were analyzed: 72 (22.5%) first permanent molars, 72 (22.5%) permanent central incisors, 27 (8.4%) second primary molars, 40 (12.5%) tooth germs of second premolars, 37 (11.6%) second premolars, 9 (2.8%) second permanent molars, and 63 (19.7%) tooth germs of second permanent molars. The analysis of the data showed that tissues of healthy teeth in children have different density ranges: enamel, from mean 2954.69 (SD 223.77) HU to mean 2071.00 (SD 222.86) HU; dentin, from mean 1899.23 (SD 145.94) HU to mean 1323.10 (SD 201.67) HU; and pulp, from mean 420.29 (SD 196.47) HU to mean 183.63 (SD 97.59) HU. The tissues (enamel and dentin) of permanent central incisors in the mandible and maxilla had the highest mean densities. No gender differences concerning the density of dental tissues were reliably identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evaluation of Hounsfield values for dental tissues can be used as an objective method for assessing their densities. If the determined densities of the enamel, dentin, and pulp of the tooth do not correspond to the range of values for healthy tooth tissues, then it may indicate a pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":73558,"journal":{"name":"JMIRx med","volume":"5 ","pages":"e56759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}