JCPP advances最新文献

{"title":"Reliability, validity, and change over time in disinhibited and disruptive behaviors assessed with the age-adapted disruptive behavior diagnostic observation schedule in children aged 5-12 years with ADHD.","authors":"Margreet Bierens, Annick Huberts-Bosch, Verena Ly, Walter Matthys, Jan Buitelaar, Catharina A Hartman, Nanda Rommelse","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has shown that the disruptive behavior diagnostic observation schedule (DB-DOS) is a valid and reliable clinic-based assessment of disinhibited and disruptive behaviors in preschoolers. We adapted the DB-DOS for use in children aged 5-12 years, examined its psychometric properties, and evaluated its ability to capture change over time across repeated assessments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children (<i>N</i> = 212; baseline age <i>M</i> = 8.5 years, SD = 2.0; 75.8% boys) with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD participated between 2015 and 2021. Follow-up data were available for 97% (<i>N</i> = 206) at 5 weeks and 75% (<i>N</i> = 160) at 1 year. Blinded videotaped sessions were coded by five trained psychologists who had no knowledge of the child, treatment condition, or timing of the observation. Psychometric properties were examined using principal component analysis (PCA), inter-item correlations, correlations with validated parent and teacher reports, internal consistency estimates, and intraclass correlation coefficients. DB-DOS change scores at 5 weeks and 1 year were examined in relation to change scores based on parent and teacher reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCA indicated that the correlational structure was captured by two components: Behavioral Regulation (BR; e.g., \"Talks excessively,\" \"Difficulty waiting\") and Anger Modulation (AM; e.g., \"Noncompliance,\" \"Verbal aggression\"). Inter-item correlations and associations between DB-DOS scores and parent and teacher reports provided partial support for validity, particularly in the parent context (PC). Internal consistency ranged from acceptable to good, and interrater reliability was excellent. Psychometric properties at 5 weeks and 1 year were broadly comparable to those at baseline. Changes in disinhibited and disruptive behaviors observed with the DB-DOS, particularly in the PC, showed modest associations with changes reported by parents and teachers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The age-adapted DB-DOS showed acceptable to good reliability and provided partial support for validity as a clinic-based observational tool for assessing disinhibited and disruptive behaviors in children aged 5-12 years with ADHD. Preliminary evidence suggests that the DB-DOS may capture change over time, particularly in the PC, although change cannot be attributed uniquely to intervention effects. This standardized clinic-based assessment method holds promise for supporting diagnostic assessment and intervention research in school-aged children with disinhibited and disruptive behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":" ","pages":"e70149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure to replicate effects of parent-delivered early language intervention: Evidence from a randomised controlled trial with implications for universal language intervention","authors":"Kelly Burgoyne,&nbsp;Laura Boundy,&nbsp;Paivi Eerola,&nbsp;Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Jochen Einbeck,&nbsp;Helen Cramman,&nbsp;Vic Menzies","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parent-led, preschool language interventions may help to mitigate the risk of poor language and literacy outcomes associated with lower socioeconomic status. This study builds on two previous evaluations of a parent-led early language teaching programme, which demonstrated mixed findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A two-armed randomised controlled trial was conducted with 372 families and their children aged 3–4 years, recruited from 43 schools across the North-West of England. Families were randomly allocated to either the programme group (<i>N</i> <i>=</i> 186) who delivered the 20-min programme 5 days a week for 30 weeks, or the control group (<i>N</i> <i>=</i> 186) who received storybooks at the end of nursery. Language and early literacy outcomes were assessed at baseline (<i>t</i>1), immediately after the 30-week programme (<i>t</i>2) and 10 months later (<i>t</i>3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Families delivered on average 65% (20/30 weeks) of the intended sessions. There were no significant group differences in language outcomes at immediate (Hedges' <i>g</i> = −0.05 to 0.11) or delayed post-test (<i>g</i> = −0.13 to 0.10). Further, no significant group differences were found on measures of early literacy (<i>g</i> = −0.11 to 0.12), the Home Learning Environment (<i>g</i> = −0.07) and School Readiness (<i>g</i> = −0.15). Effects of the programme on language skills were stronger at higher dosage (<i>g</i> = 0.33 for those completing &gt;90% sessions) and for those with weaker language skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings showed no significant effects of intervention. Reasons for null findings are discussed with implications for universal interventions. Recommendations for future trials evaluating interventions of this nature, including targeting of families and children most in need of support, are discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This trial was pre-registered with the ISRCTN registry [ISRCTN52533968 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN52533968] on 13/07/2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13337129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are sensory processing difficulties in infancy predictive of child mental health at 5-years? Findings from the Etude Longitudinale Francaise depuis l'Enfance French national birth cohort","authors":"Emma Butler,&nbsp;Michelle Spirtos,&nbsp;Mary Clarke","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People with neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions have been demonstrated to have elevated rates of sensory processing (SP) difficulties in research and practice but the temporal order of this relationship is unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study sought to investigate whether SP difficulties in infancy predicted mental health at 5-years as measured by the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Sensory group in infancy was determined by latent class assignment from behavioural indicators proposed by patient and participant involvement. Data from 10,735 5-year-olds from a French birth cohort, recruited at birth were analysed using regression techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately 1 in 10 infants experienced ‘definite’ sensory difficulties This group had significantly higher rates of clinical mental health symptoms at 5-years (14.8% compared to 5.1% and 5.5% in the ‘typical’ and ‘possible’ sensory groups respectively) <i>x</i>² = 166.35, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001. In fully-adjusted models (controlling for cumulative sociodemographic risk, sex, history of maternal psychological difficulties), the odds of being in the group experiencing clinical levels of mental health symptoms at 5-years increased by odds ratio 2.9 (95% confidence interval: 2.4–3.6) for children in the ‘definite’ sensory difficulties group compared to the ‘typical’ sensory group. There was no significant difference in odds between the ‘typical’ and ‘possible’ sensory groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infants with significant sensory difficulties have much higher rates of mental health symptoms by 5-years. Sensory difficulties may be prognostic of later child mental health and thus should be addressed in early intervention. Future research in child mental health should include standardised measures of SP as a potential transdiagnostic marker for preventative intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13337138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of early adversity on perceived support from parents and friends in preadolescence: Do genetic predispositions and timing of exposure matter?","authors":"Christina Y. Cantave,&nbsp;Marthe de Roo,&nbsp;Charlotte Vrijen,&nbsp;Tina Kretschmer","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perceived social support contributes to youth resilience, but perceptions of support differ substantially between youth. Genetic predispositions and early life adversity are potential sources for this variation, but research has yet to test gene-environment interplay comprehensively. We examined how early adversity and genetic predispositions for educational attainment, internalizing, and externalizing behaviours uniquely and jointly predict parents and friends support at age 11 and explored associations for different timing of adversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were drawn from TRAILS, a longitudinal study of Dutch adolescents. Adversity was measured during the perinatal period (pregnancy to 1-month postdelivery) and childhood (ages 0–11) through Preventive Child Healthcare records and parental interviews at age 11. Participants' genotype data were used to derive polygenic scores. Perceived social support from mothers (<i>n</i> = 1634), fathers (<i>n</i> = 1609) and friends (<i>n</i> = 1634) were self-reported at age 11.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic predispositions for internalizing and externalizing problems were associated with higher childhood adversity and were indirectly related to lower perceived social support. Exposure to perinatal adversity was related to higher maternal support during adolescence, while childhood adversity was associated with less paternal support. These associations further varied based on specific subtypes of adversity, but not according to adolescents' genetic predispositions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents' genetic liabilities to internalizing and externalizing behaviours predicted early adversity, which correlated with parental but not friends' support. These associations were found to vary based on the timing and nature of adversity, underscoring the need for future studies to more consistently account for these factors and to examine their underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of child emotional and behavioural difficulties before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a longitudinal UK cohort","authors":"Nicky Wright,&nbsp;Daphne Kounali,&nbsp;Elise Paul,&nbsp;Alex S. F. Kwong,&nbsp;Daniel Major-Smith,&nbsp;Ilaria Costantini,&nbsp;Deborah A. Lawlor,&nbsp;Kapil Sayal,&nbsp;Helen Bould,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Timpson,&nbsp;Kate Northstone,&nbsp;Melanie Lewcock,&nbsp;Kate Tilling,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Pearson","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are substantial age-related changes in emotional and behavioural problems over childhood. In order to establish the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on child emotional and behavioural problems, longitudinal designs which take into account age-related trends are needed. This study examined trajectories of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties both before and during the pandemic in a prospective birth cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were from 708 children from the third generation of a birth cohort study; the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in England. The study population comprised of 708 children (median age at COVID data collection was 2.75 years [interquartile range 0.8, 4.4]) whose parents provided pre-pandemic surveys and a survey between 26 May and 5 July 2020. Multi-level mixed effects models with random intercepts and slopes examined whether children's trajectories of emotional and behavioural difficulties during the pandemic differ from those expected pre-pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children's emotional and behavioural difficulties trajectories pre-pandemic increased during infancy peaking around the age of 2 and then declined throughout the rest of childhood. Pre-pandemic, decline in difficulties scores after age 2 was 0.6 points per month; but reduced by 35% during the pandemic. This slower decline in scores translated to older children having difficulty scores higher than would be expected, during the pandemic. By age 8.5, there is a 9.5-point difference in pre- and during-pandemic scores (95% CI: 4.5–14.5). This represents an average 48% increase from scores expected at this age (pre-pandemic mean score = 20; 95% CI: [15–25]). Results remained similar although somewhat attenuated after adjusting for parental anxiety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with greater persistence of emotional and behavioural difficulties after the age of 2 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A counterfactual and random intercept cross-lagged panel analysis of the effects of reading frequency on adolescent mental health in a large longitudinal study","authors":"Aja Murray,&nbsp;Patrick Errington,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Helen Wright,&nbsp;Daniel Mirman,&nbsp;Ingrid Obsuth,&nbsp;Tom Booth,&nbsp;Denis Ribeaud,&nbsp;Manuel Eisner","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reading has been proposed as a protective factor in mental health; however, evaluating this is challenging due to a lack of trials and the possibility of confounding in observational studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used the complementary approaches of covariate balancing propensity score weighting and random intercepts cross-lagged panel models in the large longitudinal Zurich Project on Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood study. Outcomes were measured from age 13 to 20 for anxiety and depression and at age 20 for psychosis-like symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After accounting for potential confounding there were no significant effects of reading frequency on adolescent mental health across either approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing reading frequency without considering motivation, content and style of reading engagement is not a promising protective factor in adolescent mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal exploration of self-perception, mental images of the self, and depression in young people","authors":"Rebecca L. Dean,&nbsp;Victoria Pile,&nbsp;Ellen J. Thompson,&nbsp;Kathryn J. Lester,&nbsp;Faith Orchard","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70095","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cognitive theories suggest that negative self-perception is central to the development and maintenance of depression. One way self-perception is represented is through mental imagery of the self. Despite its theoretical importance, the role of mental images of the self in depression has not been systematically examined. This study investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between self-perception, mental images of the self, and depressive symptoms in young people.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 796 young people (aged 12–24) recruited from school and university populations completed surveys at two timepoints, 1 month apart. Measures included the Harter Self-perception Profile Global Self-Worth subscale, the Mental Imagery Questionnaire for Youths and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Short Version.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Self-perception was negatively associated with depressive symptoms both cross-sectionally and longitudinally (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $b$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = −2.57, 95% CI [−2.87, −2.27]; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $b$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = −0.83, 95% CI [−1.22, −0.45]). Positive and negative mental images of the self were associated with depressive symptoms (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = −5.61; &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 10.73). Frequency of positive and negative images of the self were associated with self-perception (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $b$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = −0.57, 95% CI [−0.76, −0.39]; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $b$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.38 95% CI [0.18, 0.58]) and depression (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $b$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.12, 95% CI [0.09, 0.16]; &lt;s","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced occurrence of alpha waves during resting state predicts high attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits in young adults","authors":"Julio Rodriguez-Larios,&nbsp;Ümit Aydin,&nbsp;Gráinne McLoughlin","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with significant cognitive and social impacts. Identifying reliable biomarkers for ADHD is crucial for developing personalised therapies. Electroencephalography (EEG) alpha oscillations (8–12 Hz) have been suggested as a potential biomarker, but findings have been inconsistent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate whether alpha oscillations in young adulthood are associated with high ADHD traits using EEG data from a large twin sample (<i>N</i> = 556) enriched with participants with ADHD and autism. We assessed whether alpha oscillations during rest were associated with high ADHD traits. In addition, we used twin modelling to estimate the heritability of EEG alpha measures and their relationship with ADHD traits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that relative alpha peak amplitude was a significant predictor of ADHD traits when controlling for other factors such as age, sex and autistic traits. Specifically, we found that for each unit decrease in relative alpha peak amplitude (<i>z</i>-scored), the likelihood of being in the high ADHD trait group increased by approximately 26%. Further analysis suggested that group differences were due to a reduced occurrence (but not amplitude) of oscillatory bursts in the alpha range. Finally, our twin modelling results suggested that although these alpha measures are heritable, the genetic factors contributing to individual differences in alpha measures and ADHD traits were largely independent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Together, these findings suggest that reduced alpha oscillations, particularly the occurrence of alpha bursts, may serve as a potential biomarker for ADHD. Our results may have implications for neuromodulation therapies targeting alpha rhythms in ADHD, such as neurofeedback and transcranial alternating current stimulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between play experiences and trajectories of preschoolers' mental health from April–July, 2020","authors":"Helen F. Dodd,&nbsp;Ella Patterson,&nbsp;Simona Skripkauskaite,&nbsp;Peter J. Lawrence","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Play provides an important foundation for a healthy childhood but longitudinal data exploring how play experiences relate to children's mental health over time is scarce. In this study, data on preschool-aged children's activities and mental health during Covid-19 related restrictions was used to explore how <i>where (inside/outside)</i> and <i>with whom</i> children played related to internalising and externalising problems over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UK based parents/carers (<i>n</i> = 1028) of preschool-aged children (2–5 years) completed an online survey at four time points between April and July 2020. The survey asked how much time in the previous week their child had spent: Playing inside; Playing outside; Playing alone; Playing with a parent; Playing with another child in their household; and their child's mental health (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire internalising and externalising scales). Four hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between <i>where</i> children play (inside/outside) and (1) internalising and (2) externalising symptoms, and <i>with whom</i> children play (with parent, other child, alone) and (3) internalising and (4) externalising symptoms. Effects of linear and quadratic time, and interactions between play and time were examined. Parent mental health, parent education, contact with nature and physical activity were included as covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both inside and outside play was associated with less severe internalising problems (beta = −0.23 [SE = 0.10]; beta −0.54 [SE = 0.19]) and, in statistical interaction with time, less time playing inside was associated with a stronger improvement in externalising problems over time (beta = 0.77 [SE = 0.23]). Further, more time playing with other children was associated with less severe internalising problems (beta = −0.50 [SE = 0.13]) whereas playing alone was associated with more severe internalising problems (beta = 0.28 [SE = 0.10]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Varied play opportunities are related to young children's mental health. Even during a pandemic response, children should be given opportunity to play with other children and play outdoors wherever possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining early inhibitory control and emotion regulation as predictors of childhood internalizing and externalizing problems: A longitudinal study","authors":"Lilja K. Jónsdóttir,&nbsp;Matilda A. Frick,&nbsp;Andreas Frick,&nbsp;Emma J. Heeman,&nbsp;Karin C. Brocki","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying predictors and mechanisms in the development of childhood internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) problems is crucial for early intervention. Inhibitory control has been linked to INT and EXT, with emotion regulation (ER) potentially mediating these associations. However, specific pathways between early inhibitory control, ER, and later INT and EXT remain unclear. Additionally, regulation of distinct emotions (anger, fear, sadness, joy) may play a role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample included 94 typically developing children from the EFFECT study, a longitudinal project on the development of self-regulation. At age 4, inhibitory control was measured using the Day/Night Stroop Task. At age 6, general ER, as well as regulation of specific emotions (anger, fear, sadness, and joy), were assessed using the Emotion Questionnaire (parent-report). INT and EXT at ages 9–10 were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parent-report). Correlational and path analyses were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No longitudinal associations were found between inhibitory control at 4 years and either INT or EXT at ages 9–10, or with ER at age 6. Consequently, we found no evidence of mediation by ER. General ER at 6 years emerged as a predictor of both INT and EXT at 9–10 years. While not statistically significant, effect sizes linking regulation of some specific emotions (anger, fear) with subsequent INT and EXT problems warrant further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results reflect the complexity of studying longitudinal effects of early inhibitory control. A modest sample size with attrition, and measurement constraints may have attenuated effects and limited generalizability. Meanwhile, our findings highlight ER as a target for intervention across both INT and EXT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}