Infectious microbes & diseases最新文献_第4页

Bicarbonate Effects on Antibacterial Immunity and Mucus Glycobiology in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung: A Review With Selected Experimental Observations. 碳酸氢盐对囊性纤维化肺的抗菌免疫和粘液糖生物学的影响:部分实验观察的综述。

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/im9.0000000000000101

Ruth Siew, Tzung-Lin Ou, Samira Dahesh, Kathryn Akong, Victor Nizet

{"title":"Bicarbonate Effects on Antibacterial Immunity and Mucus Glycobiology in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung: A Review With Selected Experimental Observations.","authors":"Ruth Siew, Tzung-Lin Ou, Samira Dahesh, Kathryn Akong, Victor Nizet","doi":"10.1097/im9.0000000000000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/im9.0000000000000101","url":null,"abstract":"The primary defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) is abnormal chloride and bicarbonate transport in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) epithelial ion channel. The apical surface of the respiratory tract is lined by an airway surface liquid layer (ASL) composed of mucin comprising mainly MUC5A and MUC5B glycoproteins. ASL homeostasis depends on sodium bicarbonate secretion into the airways and secretion deficits alter mucus properties leading to airway obstruction, inflammation, and infections. Downstream effects of abnormal ion transport in the lungs include altered intrinsic immune defenses. We observed that neutrophils killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa more efficiently when it had been exposed to sodium bicarbonate, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by neutrophils was augmented in the presence of increasing bicarbonate concentrations. Physiological levels of bicarbonate sensitized P. aeruginosa to the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37, which is present in both lung ASL and in NETs. Sodium bicarbonate has various uses in clinical medicine and in the care of CF patients, and could be further explored as a therapeutic adjunct against Pseudomonas infections.","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 3","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9928163/pdf/nihms-1827705.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing the New Versions of Chinese Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 新冠肺炎中国诊疗方案新版本介绍

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1097/im9.0000000000000099

Qiong Zhang

{"title":"Introducing the New Versions of Chinese Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19","authors":"Qiong Zhang","doi":"10.1097/im9.0000000000000099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/im9.0000000000000099","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first outbreak of COVID-19 in January 2020, the pandemic has lasted already for 21⁄2 years, causing 564,126,546 confirmed infections and 6,371,354 confirmed deaths worldwide by July 22, 2022. In addition to the large number of deaths caused by the disease, the COVID-19 pandemic has also had a huge impact on the world economy. Not only have the transportation, tourism, catering, cultural and entertainment industries, and other personnel-intensive industries been directly impacted, but also a large number of people have been isolated and controlled or accepted home office work, which in turn affected all walks of life. According to the World Economic Outlook Report released by the International Monetary Fund in October 2021, the world economy has declined by 3.1% year-on-year in 2020, of which developed economies has declined by 4.5% and emerging market and developing economies by 2.1%. In the process of containing the COVID-19 epidemic, different countries have adopted different antiepidemic strategies, and the results achieved have been variable. China's antiepidemic containment strategies have proven highly effective. Wuhan, as the city where the outbreak was first reported, faced the rapid dissemination of an unknown pathogen. After the initial chaos, the situation was quickly stabilized with the support of personnel and materials from all over the country. Under the organization of the Chinese National Health Commission, the experience and lessons of epidemic prevention and control and clinical treatment have continuously been summarized and updated in national guidelines. Between January 16 and March 3, 2020, eight versions (the Trial Versions 1 to 7 and the Revised Trial Version 5) of theDiagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 have been released and updatedwithin a short period","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"83 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43347147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Early Warning and Monitoring of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Using Baidu Search Index and Baidu Information Index in Guangxi, China 基于百度检索索引和百度信息索引的2019冠状病毒病预警与监测

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000100

Yihong Xie, Wanwan Zhou, Jinhui Zhu, Y. Ruan, Xiaoming Wang, Tengda Huang

{"title":"Early Warning and Monitoring of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Using Baidu Search Index and Baidu Information Index in Guangxi, China","authors":"Yihong Xie, Wanwan Zhou, Jinhui Zhu, Y. Ruan, Xiaoming Wang, Tengda Huang","doi":"10.1097/IM9.0000000000000100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IM9.0000000000000100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease, and it is important to detect early and monitor the disease trend for policymakers to make informed decisions. We explored the predictive utility of Baidu Search Index and Baidu Information Index for early warning of COVID-19 and identified search keywords for further monitoring of epidemic trends in Guangxi. A time-series analysis and Spearman correlation between the daily number of cases and both the Baidu Search Index and Baidu Information Index were performed for seven keywords related to COVID-19 from January 8 to March 9, 2020. The time series showed that the temporal distributions of the search terms “coronavirus,” “pneumonia” and “mask” in the Baidu Search Index were consistent and had 2 to 3 days' lead time to the reported cases; the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.81. The Baidu Search Index volume in 14 prefectures of Guangxi was closely related with the number of reported cases; it was not associated with the local GDP. The Baidu Information Index search terms “coronavirus” and “pneumonia” were used as frequently as 192,405.0 and 110,488.6 per million population, respectively, and they were also significantly associated with the number of reported cases (rs > 0.6), but they fluctuated more than for the Baidu Search Index and had 0 to 14 days' lag time to the reported cases. The Baidu Search Index with search terms “coronavirus,” “pneumonia” and “mask” can be used for early warning and monitoring of the epidemic trend of COVID-19 in Guangxi, with 2 to 3 days' lead time.","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"168 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45717982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translation: Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Revised Trial Version 8) 《新冠肺炎诊疗方案(试行修订第8版)》

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-07-28 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000094

Anonymous

引用次数: 2

An Epidemiologic Analysis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Antifungal Susceptibilities 外阴阴道念珠菌感染及耐药性的流行病学分析

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000095

Fadile Gaye Hösükoğlu, F. Ekşi, Mehmet Erinmez, M. Uğur

{"title":"An Epidemiologic Analysis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis and Antifungal Susceptibilities","authors":"Fadile Gaye Hösükoğlu, F. Ekşi, Mehmet Erinmez, M. Uğur","doi":"10.1097/IM9.0000000000000095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IM9.0000000000000095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Inflammation of the vagina and vulva caused by Candida is called vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Risk factors for VVC include pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, frequent oral sexual intercourse, and the use of tight synthetic underwear and systemic antibiotics. Candida albicans, which belongs to the normal flora of the vagina, is the most common cause of VVC. However, an increase in VVC episodes caused by non-albicans Candida species, including Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis, has been reported. In this study, a total of 100 Candida isolates obtained from patients with vaginitis symptoms were evaluated. The susceptibility of the Candida strains to amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin was investigated using the reference broth microdilution method. Risk factors and demographic characteristics of the patients and the identified Candida species were also investigated. Among the 100 Candida strains isolated from vaginal samples, 47 (47%) were C. albicans, 43 (43%) C. glabrata, 5 (5%) C. kefyr, 2 (2%) C. krusei, 2 (2%) C. tropicalis and 1 (1%) was Candida guilliermondii. The incidences of Candida susceptibility to caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole and amphotericin B were 75%, 35%, 27%, 80%, 97% and 100%, respectively. Also, there was a significant difference in antifungal susceptibility among patients belonging to certain risk groups, such as patients previously using antibiotics and recurrent cases. Prevalence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance, especially against azoles, are both increasing, and certain risk factors should be monitored strictly.","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"131 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47603171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Translation: Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial Version 9) 《新冠肺炎诊疗方案(试行版9)》

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000093

S. van der Veen

{"title":"Translation: Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID-19 (Trial Version 9)","authors":"S. van der Veen","doi":"10.1097/IM9.0000000000000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IM9.0000000000000093","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the β-genus coronaviruses. It has an envelope, and the virus particle is round or oval, with a diameter ranging from 60 to 140 nm. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 contains five essential genes, which encode four structural proteins, namely, the nucleoprotein (N) protein, the envelope (E) protein the matrix protein (M), and the spike (S) protein and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The RNA genome is wrapped in the N protein, forming a nucleocapsid surrounded by lipid bilayer membrane, in which the E protein, theMprotein and the S protein are embedded. The S protein interacts with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter cells. When isolated and cultured in vitro, SARS-CoV-2 can be found in human respiratory epithelial cells in approximately 96 hours; nevertheless, it takes approximately 4–6 days for the virus to be found if isolated and cultured in Vero E6 and Huh-7 cell lines. Similar as observed for other viruses, mutations can occur in the genome of SARS-CoV-2, some ofwhichmay result in changes in the biological characteristics of the virus, thus attracting extensive attention. For instance, changes in the affinity of the S protein for ACE2 can affect the ability of the virus to invade host cells, the ability to replicate and spread, the production of antibodies in convalescent patients and vaccinated people, and the neutralization ability of antibody drugs. Five variants of concern, namely, alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron, have been proposed by the World HealthOrganization. At present, the omicron variant has replaced the delta variant as the main epidemic variant. Evidence has shown that compared with the delta variant, the omicron variant displays stronger transmissibility and weaker pathogenicity. For the omicron variant, the diagnostic accuracy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"94 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42197429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Nitroxoline Drug Combinations Are More Active Than Lyme Antibiotic Combination and Can Eradicate Stationary-Phase Borrelia burgdorferi 硝基喹啉药物联用比莱姆病抗生素联用更有效，可根除静止期伯氏疏螺旋体

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000096

Hector Alvarez-Manzo, Yumin Zhang, Ying Zhang

{"title":"Nitroxoline Drug Combinations Are More Active Than Lyme Antibiotic Combination and Can Eradicate Stationary-Phase Borrelia burgdorferi","authors":"Hector Alvarez-Manzo, Yumin Zhang, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1097/IM9.0000000000000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IM9.0000000000000096","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lyme disease (LD), caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and Europe. Despite the standard 2–4 weeks' antibiotic treatment, approximately 10%–20% of patients will develop posttreatment LD syndrome, a condition that is poorly understood. One of the probable causes is thought to be the presence of B. burgdorferi persister forms that are not effectively killed by the current LD antibiotics. In this study, we evaluated nitroxoline, an antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections, for its activity against a stationary-phase culture enriched with persister forms of B. burgdorferi. Nitroxoline was found to be more active than doxycycline and equally active as cefuroxime (standard LD antibiotics) against B. burgdorferi. Importantly, the nitroxoline two-drug combinations nitroxoline + cefuroxime and nitroxoline + clarithromycin, as well as the nitroxoline three-drug combination nitroxoline + cefuroxime + clarithromycin, were as effective as the persister drug daptomycin-based positive control three-drug combination cefuroxime + doxycycline + daptomycin, completely eradicating stationary-phase B. burgdorferi in the drug-exposure experiments and preventing regrowth in the subculture study. Future studies should evaluate these promising drug combinations in a persistent LD mouse model.","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"124 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47478654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management 将NAFLD更名为MAFLD：诊断、病理生理学、治疗和管理方面的优势和潜在变化

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000089

F. Rui, Hongli Yang, Xinyu Hu, Q. Xue, Yayun Xu, Junping Shi, Jie Li

引用次数: 3

Advances in HIV Eradication Strategies 艾滋病毒根除战略进展

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000088

Qingmin Mei, Wei Wang, Jianjun Wu, Yong Gao

引用次数: 0

An Approach to the Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Liver Cancer Using Quantum Dot Nanoprobes 利用量子点纳米探针同时检测多种生物标志物用于肝癌早期诊断的方法

Infectious microbes & diseases Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000084

Ningtao Cheng, Jing Fu

{"title":"An Approach to the Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Liver Cancer Using Quantum Dot Nanoprobes","authors":"Ningtao Cheng, Jing Fu","doi":"10.1097/IM9.0000000000000084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IM9.0000000000000084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biomarker-based early diagnosis of liver cancer is of high clinical value for reducing the mortality rate. However, it has been challenging to establish early detection methods with a single biomarker such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) because of limited diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, developing multiplexed biomarker detection assays is crucially important for early diagnosis. Yet, simultaneous detection methods involving three or more biomarkers have been scarce. Here we suggest employing the serological biomarker panel of glypican-3 (GPC3), dickkopf-1 (DKK1), and AFP for liver cancer detection. We present a rapid simultaneous detection approach for the biomarker panel labeled with three fluorescent quantum dot nanoprobes (emission wavelengths at 565 nm, 605 nm, and 655 nm). As a proof-of-concept, simultaneous fluorescence detection of the biomarker panel was demonstrated using mixed reference samples containing human recombinant GPC3, DKK1, and AFP antigens. Our simultaneous detection approach conferred a linear range of 0.625-2.5 ng•mL-1 for the entire biomarker panel, which merits further clinical validation for the simultaneous and accurate determination of the biomarker panel in human serum samples.","PeriodicalId":73374,"journal":{"name":"Infectious microbes & diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":"34 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46699471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2