IEEE transactions on technology and society最新文献_第6页

Analyzing the Impact of Demographic and Operational Variables on 1-to-Many Face ID Search 分析人口统计学变量和操作变量对一对多人脸 ID 搜索的影响

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3416344

Gabriella Pangelinan;Aman Bhatta;Haiyu Wu;Michael C. King;Kevin W. Bowyer

{"title":"Analyzing the Impact of Demographic and Operational Variables on 1-to-Many Face ID Search","authors":"Gabriella Pangelinan;Aman Bhatta;Haiyu Wu;Michael C. King;Kevin W. Bowyer","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3416344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3416344","url":null,"abstract":"Concerns related to the proliferation of automated face recognition technology with the intent of solving or preventing crimes continue to mount. The technology being implicated in wrongful arrest following 1-to-many face identification has heightened scrutiny in the media and spawned lawsuits. We analyze the accuracy of 1-to-many face identification across African-American and Caucasian demographic groups and in the presence of blur and reduced resolution in the probe image, as might occur in “surveillance camera quality” images. Because of the high accuracy of modern face recognition algorithms with “government ID quality” images and the size of available datasets, we use the following indirect metrics to assess the relative propensity for false positive identifications: (1) the traditional d-prime statistic between mated and non-mated score distributions, (2) absolute score difference between thresholds in the high-similarity tail of the non-mated distribution and the low-similarity tail of the mated distribution, and (3) distribution of (mated – non-mated rank-one scores) across the set of probe images. We find that demographic variation patterns in 1-to-many accuracy largely, but not perfectly, follow that observed in 1-to-1 accuracy. We show that, different from the case with 1-to-1 matching accuracy, demographic comparison of 1-to-many accuracy can be affected by different numbers of identities and images across demographics. We also show that increased blur or reduced resolution of the face in the probe image can significantly increase the false positive identification rate. This point is important because the reputation of modern face recognition algorithms for high accuracy in 1-to-many face identification comes from statistics based on analyzing “government ID quality” rather than “surveillance camera quality” images.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 2","pages":"217-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society Publication Information 电气和电子工程师学会《技术与社会》杂志出版信息

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3421490

引用次数: 0

Generative AI, Ingenuity, and Law 生成式人工智能、智慧与法律

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3413591

Joseph R. Carvalko

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Editorial IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society Editorial Board Profiles 编辑 IEEE《技术与社会》杂志编辑委员会简介

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3423208

Katina Michael

{"title":"Editorial IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society Editorial Board Profiles","authors":"Katina Michael","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3423208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3423208","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2023, IEEE TTS underwent its first Periodicals Review and Advisory Committee (PRAC) with the Technical Activities Board (TAB). It was successful in its demonstration of key indicators as required by the Institute. It now embarks on a growth period where it has invited new board members that have been successful through a competitive application process with clear demonstration to dedication in the field. This paper provides an overview of Editorial Board members and their respective profiles. We celebrate the appointment of new board members, and thank those who have completed their terms. We also appreciate the ongoing support of members who have stayed on to continue participation for a second term with the publication, given their role in the Society on the Social Implications of Technology (IEEE SSIT), and recognized standing in the international community of interdisciplinary scholars. It is important to note, the criteria for choosing board members was stipulated in September 2023 IEEE TTS issue and required a holistic demonstration to the field of technology and society, prior evidence of service to the field, as previous reviewers, authorship in IEEE TSM/IEEE TTS or other related publications, participation at conferences sponsored by the Society on Social Implications of Technology or related societies, requirements to satisfy diversity as understood by IEEE, and more as specified. In this paper we present a summary of the PRAC results related to the editorial board between 2020–2023, and include a complete list of profiles for the Editorial Board of IEEE TTS.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 2","pages":"119-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10632876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who is Going to Help? Detecting Social Media Influencers to Spread Information About Missing Persons 谁来帮忙？检测社交媒体上传播失踪人员信息的影响者

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3395175

Victor Stroele;Lorenza Leão Oliveira Moreno;Jorão Gomes;Thalita Thamires de Oliveira Silva;Enayat Rajabi;Jairo Francisco de Souza

{"title":"Who is Going to Help? Detecting Social Media Influencers to Spread Information About Missing Persons","authors":"Victor Stroele;Lorenza Leão Oliveira Moreno;Jorão Gomes;Thalita Thamires de Oliveira Silva;Enayat Rajabi;Jairo Francisco de Souza","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3395175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3395175","url":null,"abstract":"Although the disappearance of individuals is not a recent phenomenon, it remains a prevalent issue that inflicts significant emotional distress upon the families of the missing. Unfortunately, state action about this matter is lacking in several countries. One promising approach to address this problem involves appealing for information and reaching out to a wider network of individuals who may possess the ability to assist in locating the missing person. Social media platforms, such as Twitter, have proven to be particularly effective in disseminating information. However, the effectiveness of information dissemination is crucial to raise awareness within the community as a whole. This paper presents a method for identifying influential individuals on Twitter, with a focus on their geographic location, to maximize the diffusion of information about missing persons. Given the significance of the social circles and communities associated with the disappeared individuals, incorporating location data becomes an essential feature in the missing person domain. The contribution of this paper is threefold: (i) a novel method to identify location-aware influencers on Twitter based on an operational research model, (ii) an analysis of the information dissemination using publicly available missing person data collected from Brazilian non-governmental organizations and state websites, and (iii) a new missing person dataset that can serve as a valuable resource for further research.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 2","pages":"242-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explaining and Exploring Ethical and Trustworthy AI in the Context of Reinforcement Learning 解释和探索强化学习背景下符合道德和值得信赖的人工智能

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3406513

Theodore C. McCullough

{"title":"Explaining and Exploring Ethical and Trustworthy AI in the Context of Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Theodore C. McCullough","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3406513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3406513","url":null,"abstract":"An interdisciplinary approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is necessary to address issues arising from the overlap in the areas of Reinforcement Learning (RL), ethics, and the law. Some types of RL, due to their use of evaluative feedback in combination with function approximation, give rise to new strategies for problem-solving that are not easily foreseen or anticipated, and embody the monkey paw problem. This is the problem related to RL that grants what one asked for, and not what one should have asked for or in terms of what was intended. Sometimes these new strategies can be characterized as promoting a social good, but there is the possibility that they could give rise to outcomes that are not aligned with social goods. Control applications in the form of supervised learning (SL)-based solutions may be used to control for unaligned new strategies. These control applications, however, may introduce bias such that ethical and legal regimes may need to be put into place to solve for such biases. These ethical and legal regimes may be based upon generally agreed to social conventions as traditional ethical regimes in the form of utilitarianism and deontological ethics may provide an incomplete solution. Further, these social conventions may need to be implemented by people and ultimately the corporations instructing these people on how to perform their jobs.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 2","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Ethics of Employing Artificial Intelligent Automation in Military Operational Contexts 论在军事行动中使用人工智能自动化的伦理问题

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3405309

Wolfgang Koch;Dierk Spreen;Kairi Talves;Wolfgang Wagner;Eleri Lillemäe;Matthias Klaus;Auli Viidalepp;Camilla Guldahl Cooper;Janar Pekarev

{"title":"On the Ethics of Employing Artificial Intelligent Automation in Military Operational Contexts","authors":"Wolfgang Koch;Dierk Spreen;Kairi Talves;Wolfgang Wagner;Eleri Lillemäe;Matthias Klaus;Auli Viidalepp;Camilla Guldahl Cooper;Janar Pekarev","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3405309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3405309","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we explore the ethical dimension of artificial intelligent automation (often called AI) in military systems engineering, and present conclusions. Morality, ethics, and ethos, as well as technical excellence, need to be strengthened in both the developers and users of artificial intelligent automation. Only then can critical innovations like cognitive and volitive assistance systems or automated weapon systems be wielded efficiently and beneficially within the given legal constraints. Meaningful human control takes center stage here, which we understand in a broad sense as involving both technical controllability and accountability for outcomes. Explainable AI is essential for this task and requires rigorous testing to ensure deliberate decision making by the user. The military and industrial communities must work together to ensure adequate training for responsible use of AI-automation. Finally, these developments need to be accompanied by a politically supported open discourse, involving as many stakeholders from diverse backgrounds as possible. This serves as an extensive approach to both manage the risks of these new technologies and prevent exaggerated risk avoidance impeding necessary development.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 2","pages":"231-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Faculty Perspectives on Integrating Sustainable Development Into Engineering Education 教师对将可持续发展纳入工程教育的看法

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3403482

Maya Menon;Marie C. Paretti

{"title":"Faculty Perspectives on Integrating Sustainable Development Into Engineering Education","authors":"Maya Menon;Marie C. Paretti","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3403482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3403482","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering education for sustainable development (EESD) has gained increasing attention since the early 1990s, reflecting the broader integration of sustainable development (SD) principles in education worldwide. While SD has received global support and recognition, its adoption in engineering education (termed EESD – engineering education for sustainable development) varies by country; within the United States, it also varies widely by institution. To better support the widespread, sustainable implementation of EESD, this study examines factors influencing instructors’ involvement in EESD via a U.S.-based case study. Drawing upon Lattuca and Pollard’s model of instructor decision-making in curricular change, this research characterizes the perspectives of instructors at a large public U.S. university. Using the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to bound the study and operationalize SD, we explore the external, internal, and individual factors that influence engineering instructors in incorporating the SDGs into their courses. The findings reveal that all three levels of influence are present, but engagement in EESD at the case study site was driven primarily by individual factors, representing a bottom-up phenomenon with limited external and internal supports. Importantly, the findings indicate that while individuals can act as change agents in the absence of strong external and internal influences, their efforts alone may have limited sustained impact on the practice of EESD.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"5 3","pages":"316-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Ethics Framework for the Internet of Musical Things 音乐物联网的伦理框架

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3398423

James Brusseau;Luca Turchet

{"title":"An Ethics Framework for the Internet of Musical Things","authors":"James Brusseau;Luca Turchet","doi":"10.1109/TTS.2024.3398423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3398423","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Musical Things (IoMusT) is an emerging field of academic and industrial research that extends the Internet of Things to the musical domain. Scarce research has been conducted on the field’s ethical aspects, and to fill this gap we propose a framework for the ethical design and evaluation of IoMusT technologies and applications. Besides being ethically rigorous, the framework seeks to be accessible for information engineers, musicians, and the wider circle of participants in the IoMusT. The purpose is to facilitate and quicken the process of ethically designing and evaluating work at the intersection of network-based technology and musical creativity. Finally, we exemplify the framework by applying it to an IoMusT experimental performance. Beyond facilitating the ethical evaluation of technologically enhanced music, the framework also advances work in contemporary AI ethics in two ways. First, by introducing the principles of creativity and decentralization as critical to ethically exploring musical creativity. Second, by organizing the principles of AI ethics under a human-centric logic.","PeriodicalId":73324,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on technology and society","volume":"6 2","pages":"155-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10538251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to Regulate Large Language Models for Responsible AI 如何规范大型语言模型，实现负责任的人工智能

IEEE transactions on technology and society Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3403681

J. Berengueres

引用次数: 0