Fungal systematics and evolution最新文献

{"title":"Species diversity in <i>Pseudocercospora</i>.","authors":"J Z Groenewald, Y Y Chen, Y Zhang, J Roux, H-D Shin, R G Shivas, B A Summerell, U Braun, A C Alfenas, A H Ujat, C Nakashima, P W Crous","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of <i>Pseudocercospora</i> are commonly associated with leaf and fruit spots on diverse plant hosts in sub-tropical and tropical regions. <i>Pseudocercospora</i> spp. have mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs, but represent a distinct genus in <i>Mycosphaerellaceae</i> (<i>Mycosphaerellales</i>, <i>Dothideomycetes</i>). The present study adds a further 29 novel species of <i>Pseudocercospora</i> from 413 host species representing 297 host genera occurring in 60 countries and designates four epitypes and one lectotype for established names. This study recognises 329 species names, with an additional 69 phylogenetic lineages remaining unnamed due to difficulty in being able to unambiguously apply existing names to those lineages. To help elucidate the taxonomy of these species, a phylogenetic tree was generated from multi-locus DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and intervening 5.8S nuclear nrRNA gene (ITS), partial actin (<i>actA</i>), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>tef1</i>), as well as the partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (<i>rpb2</i>) gene sequences. Novel species described in this study include those from various countries as follows: <b>Australia</b>, <i>Ps. acaciicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Acacia</i> sp., <i>Ps. anopter</i> from leaf spots on <i>Anopterus glandulosus</i>, <i>Ps. asplenii</i> from leaf spots on <i>Asplenium dimorphum</i>, <i>Ps. australiensis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus gunnii</i>, <i>Ps. badjensis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus badjensis</i>, <i>Ps. erythrophloeicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Erythrophleum chlorostachys</i>, <i>Ps. grevilleae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Grevillea</i> sp., <i>Ps. lophostemonigena</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lophostemon confertus</i>, <i>Ps. lophostemonis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lophostemon lactifluus</i>, <i>Ps. paramacadamiae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Macadamia integrifolia</i>, <i>Ps. persooniae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Persoonia</i> sp., <i>Ps. pultenaeae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Pultenaea daphnoides</i>, <i>Ps. tristaniopsidis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Tristaniopsis collina</i>, <i>Ps. victoriae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus globoidea</i>. <b>Brazil</b>, <i>Ps. musigena</i> from leaf spots on <i>Musa</i> sp<i>.</i> <b>China</b>, <i>Ps. lonicerae-japonicae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lonicera japonica</i>, <i>Ps. rubigena</i> leaf spots on <i>Rubus</i> sp. <b>France (Réunion)</b>, <i>Ps. wingfieldii</i> from leaf spots on <i>Acacia heterophylla</i>. <b>Malaysia</b>, <i>Ps. musarum</i> from leaf spots on <i>Musa</i> sp. <b>Netherlands</b>, <i>Ps. rhododendri</i> from leaf spots on <i>Rhododendron</i> sp. <b>South Africa</b>, <i>Ps. balanitis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Balanites</i> sp<i>.</i>, <i>Ps. dovyalidicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Dovyalis zeyheri</i>, <i>Ps. encephalarticola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Encephalartos</i> sp<i>.</i> <b>South Korea</b>, <i>Ps. grewiana</i> from leaf","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the detection of <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>Rugonectria wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> on <i>Quercus</i> in Australia.","authors":"C Trollip, A J Carnegie, C Anderson, M J Priest, B Gorrie, A Daly","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we report on the detection and surveillance response to two <i>Rugonectria</i> species found in Sydney, Australia, in 2015. Both <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>R. wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> were found in association with cankers on <i>Quercus robur</i> (English oak). The fungi were initially found to be localised on amenity trees in northern Sydney, New South Wales, and as they were new detections for Australia, eradication was considered. Ongoing surveillance across the Sydney basin, regional New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory, however, indicated that they were already well established. Species identities were confirmed through morphological examination and molecular barcoding, with the subsequent analysis undertaken to classify <i>R. wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> This study provides the first records of <i>Rugonectria</i> found in association with canker on Oak trees in Australia. <b>Citation:</b> Trollip C, Carnegie AJ, Anderson C, Priest MJ, Gorrie B, Daly A (2024). Response to the detection of <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>Rugonectria wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> on <i>Quercus</i> in Australia. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 123-130. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cylindrocladiella</i> species from <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation soils in southwestern China.","authors":"Y Liu, S F Chen","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> are saprobic or plant pathogenic, and widely distributed in soil in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Limited information is available about the species diversity and distribution of <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> in China. The aim of this study was to identify the <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> isolates from soils collected in a <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation in the Yunnan Province of southwestern China. Species identification was based on DNA phylogeny of <i>his3</i>, ITS, <i>tef1</i> and <i>tub2</i> regions, combined with morphological characteristics. Isolates obtained were identified as <i>Cylindrocladiella longistipitata</i> and a novel species, described here as <i>C. yunnanensis sp. nov</i>. Further studies are required, however, to elucidate the lifestyles of these taxa<i>.</i> <b>Citation:</b> Liu Y, Chen SF (2024). <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> species from <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation soils in southwestern China. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 143-152. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host specificity in the fungal plant parasite <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> (<i>Anthracoideaceae</i>, <i>Ustilaginales</i>) reveals three new species and indicates a potential split in the host plant <i>Carex sempervirens</i>.","authors":"M Kemler, T T Denchev, A Feige, C M Denchev, D Begerow","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The smut fungal genus <i>Anthracoidea</i> contains more than 100 species that parasitize hosts predominantly in the sedge genus <i>Carex</i>. <i>Anthracoidea</i> species are mainly found in the boreal zones of the Northern Hemisphere and many species have an arctic-alpine distribution. Recent re-organization of the taxonomy of the main host genus <i>Carex</i> questions current understanding of host associations in <i>Anthracoidea</i>. Host specificity for many of the species in this genus is considered to be quite broad and a host spectrum of over 10 host species is common. One aim of the study is to understand the potential influence that host taxonomy has on the evolutionary patterns of <i>Anthracoidea</i>. Additionally, by including more specimens, we clarify host specificity and species delimitation in <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i>, a prevalent species occurring on different host species in different <i>Carex</i> subgroups using molecular data. Host colonization patterns within <i>Anthracoidea</i> are complex, and different subclades of <i>Carex</i> have been colonized several times independently, whereas clades of related <i>Anthracoidea</i> species often occur on <i>Carex</i> species from the same host clade. Parasites previously thought to be <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> occurring on the different <i>Carex</i> host are shown to be at least four distinct species that are restricted to individual host species. Three new species, <i>Anthracoidea ferrugineae</i> on <i>Carex ferruginea</i> from the Alps and the Carpathians<i>, A. firmae</i> on <i>Carex firma</i> from the Alps<i>,</i> and <i>A. kitaibelianae</i> on <i>Carex kitaibeliana</i> from mountains in the Balkan Peninsula, are described and illustrated. An emended description of <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> is also provided. <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> in its emended circumscription consists of two clades that correspond to respective clades within <i>Carex sempervirens</i>. The study shows that host colonization in <i>Anthracoidea</i> is more complex than current host taxonomy suggests. Further, including several specimens per host species results in a much higher diversity within <i>Anthracoidea</i> than previously assumed. <b>Citation:</b> Kemler M, Denchev TT, Feige A, Denchev CM, Begerow D (2024). Host specificity in the fungal plant parasite <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> (<i>Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginales</i>) reveals three new species and indicates a potential split in the host plant <i>Carex sempervirens</i>. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 91-110. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two novel <i>Pleosporales</i> species isolated from the bark of <i>Acer saccharum</i>.","authors":"J N Mack, A Sproule, S W Shields, K A Seifert, M Smith, D P Overy","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During a survey of culturable microfungi from the bark of sugar maple (<i>Acer saccharum</i>), <i>Atrocalyx glutinosus</i> and <i>Nigrograna rubescens</i>, two novel species of <i>Pleosporales</i> (<i>Dothideomycetes</i>) were isolated from several locations in eastern Ontario, Canada. Formal species descriptions are presented based on unique colony phenotypes and micromorphological characteristics and supported using multi-locus molecular phylogenetic comparisons with similar species. Both <i>A. glutinosus</i> and <i>N. rubescens</i> produce pycnidial asexual morphs in culture. As their names imply, under specific culture conditions, <i>A. glutinosus</i> excretes large amounts of the glutinous polysaccharide pullulan and <i>N. rubescens</i> produces a dark red naphthoquinone pigment that diffuses in the culture medium. <b>Citation:</b> Mack JN, Sproule A, Shields SW, Seifert KA, Smith M, Overy DP (2024). Two novel <i>Pleosporales</i> species isolated from the bark of <i>Acer saccharum . Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 1-14. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov.</i>, a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle, and its detection by quantitative PCR.","authors":"D L Wertman, J B Tanney, R C Hamelin, A L Carroll","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A taxonomically comprehensive perspective on the fungal associates of bark beetles (<i>Coleoptera</i>: <i>Curculionidae</i>: <i>Scolytinae</i>), and powerful molecular tools for detection of these fungi, are imperative to understanding bark beetle impacts on forest ecosystems. The most common filamentous fungi living alongside bark beetles in infested trees are ophiostomatoids (<i>Ascomycota</i>: <i>Ophiostomatales</i> and <i>Microascales</i>), yet an undescribed species of <i>Neonectria</i> (<i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i>; <i>Ascomycota</i>: <i>Hypocreales</i>) was recently identified cohabitating with the alder bark beetle, <i>Alniphagus aspericollis</i>, in red alder, <i>Alnus rubra</i>. The hardwood-infesting alder bark beetle is found throughout the range of its red alder host in the Pacific Coast region of North America and is associated with <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. The aim of this study was to describe and name <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> and to develop a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to enable rapid detection of <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> from individual adult alder bark beetles and to define the distribution of the fungus. <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> was phylogenetically and morphologically determined to represent a distinct species closely related to <i>N. ditissima</i> and is described herein as <i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov. Neonectria bordenii</i> was reliably detected from individual whole-beetle DNA extractions using a probe-based qPCR assay targeting multi-copy internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The qPCR assay amplified the fungus from 87.8 % (36/41) of individual alder bark beetle samples and was highly sensitive to <i>N. bordenii</i>, with a lower limit of detection of 1 × 10^-6 ng/μL of culture DNA (or ~262 genome copies). Application of the qPCR assay developed in this study will expedite future research evaluating <i>N. bordenii</i> as a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle. <b>Citation:</b> Wertman DL, Tanney JB, Hamelin RC, Carroll AL (2024). <i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov.</i>, a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle, and its detection by quantitative PCR. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 15-28. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> partially overlap on asymptomatic and symptomatic tissues of <i>Anacardiaceae</i> in agroecosystems and conservation areas in northern South Africa.","authors":"B Slippers, E Ramabulana, M P A Coetzee","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> are well-known endophytes and stress-related pathogens. We recently characterised the diversity of <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> in healthy tissues of three tree species in the <i>Anacardiaceae</i>, namely <i>Sclerocarya birrea</i>, <i>Mangifera indica</i> and <i>Lannea schweinfurthii</i>. Here we ask how that diversity compares with the <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> diversity associated with dieback on those tree species. Samples were collected from agroecosystems (Tshikundamalema and Tshipise in Limpopo) and conservation areas (Nwanedi and the Mapungubwe National Park in Limpopo and the Kruger National Park in Mpumalanga) ecosystems. Species were characterised using multigene sequence data and morphological data. <i>Diplodia allocellula</i>, <i>Dothiorella brevicollis</i>, <i>Do. viticola</i>, <i>Lasiodiplodia crassispora</i>, <i>L. mahajangana</i> and <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> occurred on both asymptomatic and symptomatic samples<i>. Dothiorella dulcispinea</i>, <i>L. gonubiensis</i> and <i>L. exigua</i>, as well as a previously unknown species described here as <i>Oblongocollomyces ednahkunjekuae sp. nov</i>, only occurred in asymptomatic branches. An interesting aspect of the biology of <i>O. ednahkunjekuaeae</i> is that it appears to be adapted to higher temperatures, with an optimum growth at 30 °C, and faster growth at 35 °C than at 25 °C. <i>Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae</i> only occurred in symptomatic branches. <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> was notably absent from conservation areas, and in agroecosystem it was most common on <i>M. indica</i>. Only <i>L. crassispora</i> and <i>L. mahajangana</i> overlapped on all three tree species and were the dominant species associated with dieback. These results show that not all <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> occurring asymptomatically in an area contribute equally to disease development on a related group of hosts, and that environmental disturbance plays a significant role in the distribution of <i>N. parvum</i>. <b>Citation:</b> Slippers B, Ramabulana E, Coetzee MPA (2024). <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> partially overlap on asymptomatic and symptomatic tissues of <i>Anacardiaceae</i> in agroecosystems and conservation areas in northern South Africa. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 131-142. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Mjuua agapanthi gen. et sp. nov</i>., a biotrophic mycoparasite of <i>Fusarium</i> spp.","authors":"P W Crous, J Dijksterhuis, M Figge, M Sandoval-Denis","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Fusarium agapanthi</i> is newly reported from the centre of origin of <i>Agapanthus</i> in South Africa, where it is associated with dead flower stalks of <i>Agapanthus praecox</i>. <i>Mjuua agapanthi</i>, a rare hyphomycete with a morphology corresponding to asexual morphs of <i>Pyxidiophora</i>, was isolated as mycoparasitic on <i>F. agapanthi</i>, along with bacteria that co-occurred in synnematal heads of <i>M. agapanthi.</i> Germinating conidia of <i>M. agapanthi</i> were observed to parasitise germinating conidia of <i>F. agapanthi</i>. Although <i>M. agapanthi</i> could not be cultivated on its own, the association with <i>Fusarium</i> proved to not be restricted to <i>F. agapanthi</i>, as it could also be cultivated with other <i>Fusarium</i> spp. <i>Mjuua agapanthi</i> is a member of <i>Pyxidiophorales</i>, an order of obligate insect parasitic microfungi. The exact role of the bacteria in synnematal heads of <i>M. agapanthi</i> remains to be further elucidated, although one bacterium, <i>Alsobacter metallidurans</i>, appeared to cause lysis of the synnematal conidial cell walls<i>.</i> This discovery suggests that many unculturable obligate biotrophic microbes can probably be cultivated if co-cultivated with their respective hosts. <b>Citation:</b> Crous PW, Dijksterhuis J, Figge M, Sandoval-Denis M (2024). <i>Mjuua agapanthi gen. et sp. nov</i>., a biotrophic mycoparasite of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 153-161. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new <i>Paecilomyces</i> from wooden utility poles in South Africa.","authors":"C M Visagie, E M Cruywagen, T A Duong","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During a survey of fungi on electricity utility poles in South Africa, a diverse range of fungi were discovered. <i>Paecilomyces</i> was frequently isolated, with five species identified using ITS and β-tubulin (<i>BenA</i>) sequences. These were <i>P. brunneolus</i>, <i>P. dactylethromorphus</i>, <i>P. lecythidis</i>, <i>P. paravariotii</i> and a potential new species. The genomes of 30 of these strains were subsequently sequenced and used in a phylogenomic analysis with 45 previously published genomes of the genus. Phylogenetic analyses were also conducted using ITS, <i>BenA</i>, calmodulin (<i>CaM</i>), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (<i>RPB2</i>), RNA polymerase II largest subunit (<i>RPB1</i>), the genes coding for the theta subunit of the TCP-1 chaperonin complex (<i>Cct8</i>), and for a putative ribosome biogenesis protein (<i>Tsr1</i>). Both phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses supported the 15 <i>Paecilomyces</i> species currently accepted and confirmed the novelty of the new species, which we describe as <i>P. lignorum</i>. The latter is the sister species of <i>P. brunneolus</i> and belongs to a clade also containing <i>P. variotii</i> and <i>P. paravariotii</i>. Morphologically, the new species produces longer ellipsoidal conidia and grows more restricted on malt extract agar at 30 °C compared to its closest relatives. <b>Citation:</b> Visagie CM, Cruywagen EM, Duong TA (2024). A new <i>Paecilomyces</i> from wooden utility poles in South Africa. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 163-181. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A diverse range of <i>Phytophthora</i> species from botanical gardens in South Africa, including the novel Clade 5 species, <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>.","authors":"T Paap, F Balocchi, T I Burgess, T Bose, M J Wingfield","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> The genus <i>Phytophthora</i> contains many destructive and globally important plant pathogens. In the last decade, targeted sampling efforts have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of known species, as well as a better understanding of their global distribution. Routine activities undertaken in botanical gardens, combined with great numbers of local and international visitors, place botanical gardens at risk to the accidental introduction and establishment of pathogens such as <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. In this study, the occurrence of <i>Phytophthora</i> was investigated in two botanical gardens in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. Symptomatic collar and stem tissues were collected, and root and rhizosphere soil samples were taken from trees exhibiting symptoms of decline. Standard baiting techniques and direct plating of symptomatic tissues revealed the presence of seven species of <i>Phytophthora</i> residing in four phylogenetic clades. Five of these species, <i>P. cinnamomi, P. citrophthora, P. multivora, P. parvispora</i> and the informally designated taxon <i>Phytophthora</i> sp. stellaris were known to be present in South Africa and <i>P. aquimorbida</i> was recorded for the first time. Of these, <i>P. citrophthora</i> represented a novel host-pathogen association causing bleeding cankers on indigenous <i>Celtis africana</i>. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, <i>βtub, cox1</i> and <i>hsp90</i> sequences showed the presence of an undescribed species belonging to the <i>Phytophthora</i> ITS Clade 5. This species is described here as <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>. This study highlights the importance of monitoring botanical gardens for the detection and discovery of pathogens and emphasises their value as sites for the discovery of novel host-pathogen associations. <b>Citation:</b> Paap T, Balocchi F, Burgess TI, Bose T, Wingfield MJ (2024). A diverse range of <i>Phytophthora</i> species from botanical gardens in South Africa, including the novel Clade 5 species, <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 111-122. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}