{"title":"The practical consequences of research in arteriosclerosis.","authors":"M R Tyrrell, J H Wolfe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the impressive volume of work that has been undertaken, the successful medical therapy of arteriosclerosis continues to elude us--preventive measures and surgical treatment of its complications persist as the primary modalities of treatment. While research into the fundamental pathophysiology surrounding arteriosclerosis is not complete and our understanding is plagued by the current plethora of confusing and contradictory reports, the cellular mechanisms underlying this process are gradually being clarified. As yet, this basic research has had limited impact for vascular surgical patients, who have benefited more as a result of epidemiological studies. For instance, we are more diligent in looking for occult disease, less ready to operate on obvious lesions, and more persuasive in our attempts to alter the patient's lifestyle--particularly smoking habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"555 ","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13347777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interferons.","authors":"G V Alm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interesting and complex biology of the interferon (IFN) system is briefly reviewed. Some encouraging results from the application of IFNs to therapy of human disease, as well as therapeutic problems are also pointed out. It is likely that increased knowledge of the functions of the IFN system will facilitate development of more efficient therapeutic strategies, involving e.g., mobilization of the patient's own ability to produce IFN, new combination therapies and circumvention of side effects such as development of antibodies neutralizing IFNs and autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"549 ","pages":"35-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13613009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms of thromboembolism.","authors":"B Risberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The first section of this review describes the hemostatic balance as it is regulated at the blood-tissue interface. Endothelial cells have a nonthrombogenic surface during resting conditions. In diseased states, such as trauma or infection, the endothelial cells become perturbated and the anticoagulant activity is transformed into a procoagulant activity. Recent data have demonstrated that endothelial cells have surface receptors and the capacity for initiating coagulation and propagating the coagulation cascade. The second part of this review discusses the role of the fibrinolytic system in thromboembolism. Defects in the system have been found to be pathogenetic factors in postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Several studies have indicated that this surgical sequela does not occur in patients with an active fibrinolytic system. These results suggest that screening patients for fibrinolytic abnormalities may identify those persons at high risk for the development of postoperative deep vein thrombosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"550 ","pages":"104-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13794259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological response modifiers in treatment of cancer with special reference to GI cancer: present status and future aspects. 1988 Oncology Symposium. Göteborg, Sweden, March 13-17.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"549 ","pages":"1-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14064572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectives on hybridoma technology in radioimmunodetection and therapy.","authors":"T Stigbrand","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"549 ","pages":"40-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13790717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of anesthesia on leg blood flow in vascular surgical patients.","authors":"H Haljamáe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies suggest that epidural anesthesia has advantages over general anesthesia in patients with occlusive atherosclerotic disease undergoing vascular surgery in the lower limb. Epidural anesthesia allows maintenance of good hemodynamic stability and elicits no stress reactions. In addition, it does not compromise blood flow to the lower limb. Local anesthetic agents may exert potentially beneficial effects on the production of prostacyclin by endothelial cells, blood cell aggregation, and blood viscosity. All of these factors influence graft patency and thus the success of vascular surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"550 ","pages":"81-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13793286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined epidural and general anesthesia versus general anesthesia in patients having colon and rectal anastomoses.","authors":"P Ryan, S Schweitzer, B Collopy, D Taylor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three retrospective studies were conducted at St. Vincent's Hospital to compare the outcomes of colorectal anastomoses, with and without resections, with respect to anesthetic technique. Operations were performed upon patients anesthetized with either combined regional (epidural) and general anesthesia (CRAG) or general anesthesia alone (GA). Postoperative pain relief was achieved with either continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) in the CRAG group or with postoperative narcotics in the GA groups (GA/PN). In one group, a different regimen was introduced: combined epidural and general anesthesia with postoperative epidural morphine (CRAG/EDM). Overall, anastomotic leak rates and death rates were lower in the CRAG group, and the lowest incidence of anastomotic leak was reported in the patients receiving CEA. Thus the reduced leak rate was associated more with the postoperative analgesia regimen than with the anesthetic technique. An increased incidence of wound dehiscence occurred with postoperative epidural morphine analgesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"550 ","pages":"146-9; discussion 149-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13852863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}