Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum最新文献

{"title":"Is femoropopliteal bypass surgery indicated for the treatment of intermittent claudication?","authors":"H O Myhre","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"555 ","pages":"39-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13517029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the actual need for vascular surgery and how do we obtain the required resources?","authors":"H O Myhre, O D Saether","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"555 ","pages":"83-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13517032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enoxaparin prophylaxis in elective hip surgery.","authors":"A G Turpie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to determine the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery was performed. Prophylaxis, with enoxaparin in a dose of 30 mg subcutaneously twice daily, was begun post-operatively and continued for 14 days. Deep vein thrombosis occurred in 6 (12%) of 50 patients in the enoxaparin group and 21 (42%) of 50 patients in the placebo group (p = 0.0007). Proximal vein thrombosis occurred in two (4%) of the enoxaparin group and 10 (20%) of the placebo group (p = 0.014). Two patients in the placebo group and two in the enoxaparin group developed haemorrhagic complications. This study indicates that fixed-dose enoxaparin begun post-operatively is effective and safe for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip replacement.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"556 ","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Once-daily dosing of enoxaparin (a low molecular weight heparin) in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement.","authors":"A Planès,&nbsp;N Vochelle,&nbsp;M Fagola,&nbsp;M Bellaud,&nbsp;J Feret,&nbsp;C Salzard,&nbsp;M Planès","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main results of three successive prospective clinical trials which represent the successive steps in the definition of once-daily dosing of enoxaparin in elective hip surgery are demonstrated. In the first trial, a dose of 40 mg/day (4000 anti-Factor Xa IU), in one or two subcutaneous injections, was preferred to a dose of 60 mg because it gave the same efficacy with a better tolerance. In a second, randomized double-blind trial, the two modes of administration of a dose of 40 mg, in one or two injections daily, were found to be equivalent with regard to tolerance and efficacy. In a third prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind multicentre trial, once-daily dosing of enoxaparin at the dose of 40 mg was found superior to 5000 IU of unfractionated heparin tds with regard to tolerance and efficacy. It is concluded that the dose of 40 mg/day, begun 12 h pre-operatively, gives the best benefit:risk ratio in elective hip surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"556 ","pages":"108-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of established venous thromboembolism with enoxaparin: preliminary report.","authors":"Y Huet,&nbsp;G Janvier,&nbsp;P H Bendriss,&nbsp;S Winnock,&nbsp;G Dugrais,&nbsp;G Freyburger,&nbsp;P Boisseras","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unfractionated heparin is effective in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism but may lead to significant side-effects (bleeding complications and thrombocytopenia). Low molecular weight heparin fragments have been shown to be as effective as unfractionated heparins during prophylaxis with a once-daily injection regimen. The aim of this open study was to assess the tolerance and the efficacy of enoxaparin in established venous thromboembolism. The study included 36 consecutive patients (mean age 60 years) (range 13-87) with recent deep vein thrombosis (less than 5 days) documented by venography. All patients received enoxaparin twice daily at a fixed dosage of 2 mg/kg/day. The efficacy was assessed by the evolution of Arnesen venographic score. Seventeen patients showed a moderate improvement (less than 35%) and 17 patients had a marked improvement (over 35%). Two patients were not evaluated for efficacy because they displayed bleeding complications. No relationship was found between anti-Factor Xa level and regression of venographic score. In conclusion, subcutaneous administration of enoxaparin proved to be an effective antithrombotic therapy. A fixed dosage of 2 mg/kg/24 h should be the basis of the randomized controlled study ongoing at the present time.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"556 ","pages":"116-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of enoxaparin (Clexane) and unfractionated heparin.","authors":"J Dawes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pharmacokinetics of enoxaparin (Clexane) and unfractionated heparin were compared by crossover study in healthy volunteers, using three different assays. After intravenous administration, unfractionated heparin was cleared with a half-life of 35 min, irrespective of assay methods. However, the concentration of enoxaparin, measured by competitive binding assay, declined with the longer half-life of 60 min, and its anti-Factor IIa and anti-Factor Xa activities had half-lives of 40 and 275 min, respectively. These data may reflect more rapid clearance of longer chain molecules with anti-Factor IIa activity, or release by enoxaparin of an endogenous compound with anti-Factor Xa activity. Following subcutaneous injection, the bioavailability of enoxaparin was 3-fold greater than that of unfractionated heparin; unlike unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin was almost completely absorbed. Peak plasma concentrations occurred 3 h after injection. The pharmacokinetic parameters of enoxaparin were not affected by dose; by contrast, the half-life of unfractionated heparin was highly dose-dependent. The pharmacokinetics of both unfractionated heparin and enoxaparin did not display circadian variation, and neither preparation crossed the human placenta.</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"556 ","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphincter of Oddi motility.","authors":"P Funch-Jensen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a short introduction (chapter 1), anatomy is described in chapter 2. The sphincter of Oddi (SO) can be divided into the choledochal, pancreatic and ampullar sphincter in addition to the intermediate fibres. In anatomic studies the pancreatic and ampullar sphincters are described in only one third and sixth respectively. This is in disaccordance with manometric studies where SO activity always is registered in the pancreatic sphincter after total biliary sphincterotomy. Chapter 3 discusses whether or not the SO is a true sphincter. Activity simultaneous with the duodenum occurs in the interdigestive phase III, but more often duodenal and SO activity is dissociated. It is concluded that the vast evidence supports the SO as a true sphincter. Chapter 4 concerns methods for investigation of the SO activity. The manometric methods are divided into direct and indirect studies, and advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The direct manometric method employing a perfusion system is highlighted, and interpretation of tracings and artifacts described. In chapter 5 physiological aspects are considered. Slow waves are present in the SO, and the activity related to the migrating motor complexes of the duodenum. Apart from interdigestive variation the food stimulated pattern is mentioned. Nervous and hormonal control as well as the relation to other parts within and outside the pancreatico-biliary system is outlined. The SO receives nervous fibres from both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic system. The alfa- and cholinergic neurons stimulate whereas the beta-neuron inhibits the SO. Furthermore inhibitory non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurons are present. Cholecystokinines inhibitory action on the SO are brought about via a stimulation of inhibitory neurones since the peptide has a direct stimulatory action on the SO muscle. The most important reflex regulation of the SO is elicited by gallbladder pressure increase with inhibition of the SO. Probably a similar reflex relationship exists between the common bile duct and the SO. The SO is considered important in the regulation of biliary flow, and probably also pancreatic flow, although the latter is only poorly studied. Furthermore the SO is believed to play a role in the prevention of reflux from the duodenum. In chapter 6 studies in normals, controls and patients with diseases in the biliary and pancreatic system are surveyed. In patients with gallbladder stones no changes in SO activity has been disclosed. In patients with common bile duct stones some have found increased antiperistalsis, others not.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"553 ","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13337378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular grafts in the 1990s: lessons from the past.","authors":"R M Greenhalgh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"555 ","pages":"249-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13347775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms be advocated?","authors":"D Bergqvist,&nbsp;H Bengtsson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"555 ","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13347780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of prophylaxis in general surgery.","authors":"A N Nicolaides","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7309,"journal":{"name":"Acta chirurgica Scandinavica. Supplementum","volume":"556 ","pages":"25-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13438494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}