Foot & ankle specialist最新文献

{"title":"Limb Salvage by Means of Hindfoot Arthrodesis Utilizing Bulk Allograft and External Fixation.","authors":"Carl Brandon Lindberg, Rishika Lagisetti, Amol Saxena","doi":"10.1177/19386400241251519","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19386400241251519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FormatRetrospective Review.Length of follow-up18 months.ClassificationRearfoot and Ankle Reconstruction.MethodologyLevel 4 Retrospective Review.ProceduresA retrospective review was performed of 6 patients who had undergone limb salvage procedures between January 2016 and April 2019. Patients underwent surgery due to severe limb-threatening diagnosis including Charcot and/or osteomyelitis. Salvage arthrodesis was performed with bulk femoral head allograft incorporation using a hexapod external fixation system. The external fixation was retained for an average of 16 weeks. All patients were followed for a postoperative period of 16 months.ResultsSuccessful rearfoot arthrodesis and limb salvage was achieved in ⅚ (83%) of patients.DiscussionThis review demonstrates that limb salvage and arthrodesis are possible using femoral head allograft incorporation by external fixation alone. The involved patients had resolution of the osteomyelitis and Charcot deformity, salvage arthrodesis of the rearfoot and avoidance of a major limb amputation.Levels of Evidence:IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"231-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Antibiotic-Impregnated Cement for Infection or Mechanical Support in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kaissar Yammine, Jad Mansour, Joeffroy Otayek, Bilal Alqaysi, Jimmy Daher, Chahine Assi","doi":"10.1177/19386400241274624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400241274624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDiabetic foot infections are difficult to eradicate and could lead to serious complications such as multiple surgeries, amputation and mortality. Culture-based IV antibiotics and particularly amputation are usually the available options. Only few studies articles reported the use of cement impregnated with antibiotics to fill temporarily or permanently a bone defect, but with no evidence synthesis yet. Therefore, this study aims at assessing the outcomes of the use of antibiotic-impregnated cement for infection or mechanical support in diabetic foot osteomyelitis.MethodsA systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. We searched multiple electronic databases using the terms \"osteomyelitis AND cement AND diabetic AND foot.\" The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal Tool.ResultsSix studies met the inclusion criteria combining 82 patients with 85 procedures. With a mean follow-up period of 22 ±14.6 months, the meta-analytical results were as follows: (1) the weighted healing rate was 85.2%, (2) 63.6% of cement were kept in place, (3) 8.2% of cement had to be exchanged, (4) 24.4% of placed cement had to be removed, (5) minor amputation following cement placement was 13.4%, and (6) the rate of secondary surgery was 18.7%, with arthrodesis being the most common (94%).ConclusionThere are limited studies available detailing the outcomes of cement use in diabetic foot osteomyelitis. In the case of the difficult-to-heal osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot and whenever a peripheral bone rim could be preserved, filling the void within to deliver local infection control and to assure mechanical resistance for ambulation could be a non-radical limb preserving option.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":"19 3","pages":"309-316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Structures at Risk in Percutaneous Distal Bunionette Correction.","authors":"Shrey Nihalani, Mila Scheinberg, Matthew McCrosson, Matthew T Yeager, Robert W Rutz, Mathew Hargreaves, Zuhair J Mohammed, Swapnil Singh, Ashish Shah","doi":"10.1177/19386400241256705","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19386400241256705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bunionette deformity is an incredibly pervasive issue in our society with almost a quarter of individuals being affected by it. As it is so common, there are numerous techniques and approaches to correct the deformity. Currently, there is a growing trend that favors percutaneous osteotomy of the bunionette. As there are multiple osteotomy sites, there are anatomical considerations that must be made at each one. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomic structures at risk during distal osteotomy of bunionette deformity using a Shannon burr. Using 11 fresh cadaver specimens, the fifth metatarsal was accessed through a carefully marked portal. A Shannon burr was employed for the osteotomy. Dissections were performed to assess potential damage to critical structures, including the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve (LDCN), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Measurements were taken from the osteotomy site to each structure. The distal osteotomy site was on average greater than 8 mm from the EDL and ADM, whereas it was 1.64 mm from the LDCN. The Shannon burr made contact with and transected the LDCN on 2 occasions. However, previous studies have highlighted potential anatomical variations of the LDCN that arise distally. The study underscored the challenges posed by minimally invasive approaches to treating bunionette deformity and highlighted the need for cautious consideration when using percutaneous methods.<b>Level of Clinical Evidence:</b> 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guided Percutaneous Hallux Valgus Surgery: Advancing Into the Future With the Fourth-Generation Technique. Outcomes and Complications.","authors":"David Campillo-Recio, Inés Farré-Galofré, Eduardo Quezada-Peralta, Glòria Albertí-Fitó, Juan-Antonio Calle-García","doi":"10.1177/19386400251382286","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19386400251382286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe aim of this study is to describe the surgical technique, outcomes, and complications associated with fourth-generation percutaneous hallux valgus correction using a guided system.MethodsProspective case series of 28 patients, aged 16 and older (5 men and 23 women), averaging 56.89 years, who underwent surgery for hallux valgus with at least 12 months of follow-up.ResultsThe preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS)-hallux score increased from 63.8 to 89.7 (P < .001) at 12 months post-surgery. The visual analog scale (VAS) score decreased from 6 to 0.16 (P < .001) in the same period. The preoperative intermetatarsal angle (IMA) decreased from 13.38° to 2.72° (P < .001) post-surgery, while the Hallux valgus angle (HVA) decreased from 23.01° to 5.2° (P < .001). There were 3 complications including 1 superficial wound infection, 1 malpositioning of the screws and 1 hypertrophic non-union.ConclusionThe described percutaneous hallux valgus surgery appears to be reliable, with consistent improvements in clinical outcomes and radiological results. The guided technique is promising in order to reduce common complications.Level of Evidence:Level IV, prospective case series.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"325-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadaveric Evaluation of Calcaneal Autograft Harvest: Can We Optimize Bone Harvesting?","authors":"Cameron Meyer, Orlando Martinez, Lauren Christie, Isaac Wilmot, David Calderwood, Jaeyoon Kim, Mark A Prissel, Terrence M Philbin","doi":"10.1177/19386400261441130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261441130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone autografts are commonly used to augment arthrodesis sites and enhance the biologic environment necessary for successful fusion. Autogenous bone may be harvested from several donor locations, including the anterior and posterior iliac crest, proximal and distal tibia, and notably the calcaneus. Complication rates of calcaneal graft harvest have varied widely in the literature with several different techniques from open to percutaneous methods. The purpose of this study was to assess optimal zones of graft volume while minimizing donor-site morbidity. Twenty, ten matched-pairs, fresh-frozen cadaveric below-knee specimens were used for this study. The posterior tuber of the calcaneus was measured in height and equally divided into 3 distinct zones. A 7-mm Medline bone graft harvester was inserted perpendicular to the lateral calcaneal wall and advanced in a single pass to obtain cancellous autograft from the calcaneus. Graft volume as well as distance to adjacent structures at risk were measured. We found no statistical significance in graft volume among the three zones; however, we did note a significant difference in distance from the sural nerve between zones 1 and 2, and between zones 1 and 3. We found an average volume of 0.59, 0.41, and 0.61 grams³ for zones 1, 2, and 3, respectively. These findings suggest calcaneal bone graft harvest remains a safe procedure and enables to obtain consistent graft volume. Further clinical studies are recommended to confirm these results and guide future surgical practices.<b>Level of Evidence:</b> <i>Level IV: Cadaveric study</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261441130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Tests in Identifying Structural Change in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Wesley Matthews, Richard Ellis, James Furness, Evelyne Rathbone, Wayne Hing","doi":"10.1177/19386400261434148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261434148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWith the development of a consensus agreement on the essential clinical diagnostic criteria for Achilles tendinopathy (AT), there is scope to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests, their relationship to structural changes observed on ultrasound imaging (USI), and the potential role of USI in the clinical diagnosis of AT. Objectives. To evaluate the relationship between clinical tests and tendon structure via USI.MethodsA pilot cross-sectional study of 23 individuals (14 male, and 9 female) with unilateral, symptomatic AT were recruited from physiotherapy clinics. Assessment included subjective measures and patient-reported outcome measures (pain with loading, stiffness, self-reported function, Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles [VISA-A], Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and 12-Item Short Form Survey). Objective tests included palpation, arc sign, Royal London Hospital Test, single-leg heel raise, and hopping. USI subcategorized tendon structure as normal or abnormal. Diagnostic accuracy (positivity rates, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value [PPV], negative predictive value [NPV]), receiver operating characteristic analysis, area under the curve (AUC), and effect sizes were calculated.ResultsStiffness and pain on palpation demonstrated high positivity rates (82.6%). Hopping pain demonstrated high positivity rates (78.3%). Pain on palpation and pain during hopping had high sensitivity (0.94) and PPV (0.84) for detecting structural abnormalities. VISA-A and self-reported function had excellent AUC (0.89) for detecting structural change. No test distinguished the degree of structural change.ConclusionsPain on palpation and hopping pain are promising indicators of structural tendon pathology. Patient-reported outcome measures may aid in imaging decisions. Further studies are needed to validate findings.Level of Evidence<i>Level IV</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261434148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147730783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landmarking an Extra-Capsular Position for Minimally Invasive Transverse First Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Reconstruction: A Cadaveric Study.","authors":"Siyum Mohiuddin, William Mayer, Erin Bigney, Hirbod Abootalebi, Xiuming Shi, Madeline Power, Kyra Holt, Jacob Matz","doi":"10.1177/19386400261439172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261439172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundMinimally invasive hallux valgus reconstruction is a technique that has been undergoing refinements since its inception. The fourth-generation technique differentiates itself with a transverse metatarsal osteotomy. The location of this osteotomy is a key consideration. It is desirable for this osteotomy to be as distal as possible while remaining extra-capsular and preserving the blood supply to the capital fragment. Limited guidance exists for identifying this position intraoperatively. This cadaveric investigation aims to identify an extra-capsular location for a transverse metatarsal osteotomy for fourth-generation hallux valgus reconstruction and assess the effects of this osteotomy on the blood supply to the capital fragment.MethodsTen clinical-grade cadaveric specimens were injected with radiopaque contrast to define the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint capsule. Measurements from the metatarsal head and the sesamoids to the proximal edge of the capsule were recorded from the radiographic images. Using fluoroscopic guidance, a transverse minimally invasive osteotomy was performed near the capsule border. Anatomic dissections assessed capsular integrity and vascular supply to the distal first metatarsal.ResultsRadiographic measurements showed that the distance between the articular surface and proximal edge of the capsule was 27.3 mm. Mean distance from the articular surface of the metatarsal head to the osteotomy was similar at 27.3 mm. Distances from the medial and lateral sesamoids to the proximal edge of the capsule were 3.8 mm and 3.9 mm, respectively. An osteotomy at 29.5 mm from the articular surface would be extra-articular in 80% of specimens. Dissections confirmed extra-capsular osteotomy placement and preserved vascular integrity in all specimens.ConclusionInsertion of the first MTP joint capsule varies among specimens. A transverse osteotomy performed at 29.5 mm from the articular surface achieves an extra-capsular position in 80% of our specimens without compromising vascular supply to the capital fragment. These values provide reproducible intraoperative guidance.Level of Evidence(5) Clinical Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261439172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of Failed Ankle Arthrodesis to Total Ankle Arthroplasty Using a Novel Custom Fibula in a Global Pes Cavus Deformity.","authors":"Anthony Schwab, David Siegel, Sara Glessner, Richard Derner","doi":"10.1177/19386400261441125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261441125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to maintain lateral ankle stability when performing a total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), there must be a lateral strut from an intact and competent distal fibula. The aim of the present case report is to describe an alternative approach to failed ankle arthrodesis with a staged custom fibular implant and subsequent TAA. At final follow-up of 36 months from index procedure, there was no reported nonunion about the hindfoot complex with adequate seating of the total ankle arthroplasty components and pain free patient ambulation. We hope this novel approach will add to the current body of literature and guide colleagues with broadened surgical options while approaching ankle arthrodesis.Level of Clinical Evidence: 5-Case study.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261441125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peroneal Longus to Brevis Transfer Augmentation With TeKBrace Synthetic Graft.","authors":"Justin Daigre","doi":"10.1177/19386400261441082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261441082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPeroneal tendon disorders, encompassing tendinopathy, tears, subluxation, and instability, represent a significant source of lateral ankle pain and functional impairment, often exacerbated by underlying conditions such as cavovarus foot deformities or chronic lateral ankle instability. In cases of severe peroneus brevis degeneration or irreparable tears, peroneal longus to brevis tendon transfer is an effective technique to restore eversion strength and dynamic stability, though challenges persist in patients with poor tissue quality necessitating augmentation.PurposeTo present a novel case of peroneus longus-to-brevis transfer augmented with the TeKBrace synthetic graft for complex peroneal pathology. Case Presentation. A 31-year-old man presented with persistent lateral ankle pain following an inversion injury 6 months prior. Conservative management, including an orthopaedic boot, home exercises, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and a peroneal tendon steroid injection, provided limited relief. Physical examination revealed cavus foot posture, tenderness over the peroneal tendons and lateral ligaments and pain with eversion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed tears in both peroneal tendons and increased signal at the peroneal tubercle. Surgery involved lateral incision, excision of the torn peroneus brevis segment, side-to-side anastomosis of the peroneal longus to brevis, peroneal tubercle planing, and lateral ankle ligament imbrication using anchors. The anastomosis was reinforced with TeKBrace synthetic graft. Postoperative protocol included non-weight-bearing in a posterior splint for 1 week, short leg cast for 2 weeks, and full weight-bearing in a walking boot at 3 weeks.ResultsThe augmentation facilitated early mobilization and protected weightbearing, resulting in minimal muscle atrophy, shorter rehabilitation time, rapid return to activities, and no device-related complications (infection, foreign body reaction, or mechanical failure).ConclusionThis single case highlights the feasible use of TeKBrace augmentation in peroneal longus to brevis transfer, suggesting potential benefits for select patients with complex peroneal tendon reconstructions. Larger series with longer-term outcomes are needed to confirm durability, integration, and any advantage over nonaugmented transfers or other reinforcement options.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261441082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147730761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deltoid All-Inside Repair in SER IV Bimalleolar-Equivalent Ankle Fractures.","authors":"Tiago Soares Baumfeld, Matheus Kuffner, Daniel Soares Baumfeld, Gustavo Araujo Nunes, Alexandre Leme Godoy Dos Santos, Stefan Rammelt","doi":"10.1177/19386400261427776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19386400261427776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAnkle fractures are the second most common fractures of the lower limb. In supination-external rotation (SER) stage 4 injuries, the medial malleolus or the deltoid ligament is disrupted. The stability of the deltoid ligament is essential for the functionality, however, the need for surgical repair remains debated. The aim of this study is to assess deltoid stability in 12 ankle fractures treated with an all-inside repair technique.MethodsA prospective case series of 12 patients (8 men,4 women aged between 25 and 53 years who had a stage 4 LH SER ankle fracture with unstable deltoid ligament injury between September 2023 and February 2024. No patients in this study had an associated posterior malleolus fracture. All patients were treated with deltoid all-inside repair at the time of fracture fixation. Outcomes were measured using the VAS scales, radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and AOFAS scores are reported exclusively in the Supplementary Material for historical comparability, Stability was tested using stress and weight-bearing radiographs, measuring talar tilt (TT) and medial clear space (MCS).ResultsClinically, the patients had good results, with a mean VAS of 1.5 and AOFAS score of 87 at 6 months follow-up. There were no complications observed during the study period. MCS remained stable (P = .125), with means of 3.03 mm (postop), 2.87 mm (weight-bearing), and 3.38 mm (stress). Similarly, TT remained consistent (P = .597), with means of 1.17º (postop), 0.87º (weight-bearing), and 1.14º (stress). These findings confirm preserved joint alignment and ligament integrity postrepair.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, All-inside deltoid repair has been described; however, reports specifically within SER IV bimalleolar-equivalent fractures and short-term radiographic stability remain limited. The technique demonstrated favorable short-term functional outcomes and radiographic stability.ConclusionSER IV bimalleolar-equivalent ankle fractures, arthroscopic all-inside deltoid repair maintained radiographic reduction and yielded favorable short-term outcomes.Levels of EvidenceLevel IV, Case Series.</p>","PeriodicalId":73046,"journal":{"name":"Foot & ankle specialist","volume":" ","pages":"19386400261427776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147679143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}