Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)最新文献

{"title":"Fitness and therapeutic potential of intermittent hypoxia training: a matter of dose.","authors":"T V Serebrovska,&nbsp;Z O Serebrovska,&nbsp;E Egorov","doi":"10.15407/fz62.03.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz62.03.078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of different methods of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) into fitness, sports, military\u0000and medical practice has raised a lot of questions about the most beneficial regimens of such treatment\u0000and their optimal instrumental implementation. Low doses of hypoxia might not be sufficient stimuli to\u0000mobilize adaptive mechanisms, while severe or prolonged hypoxia may provoke dangerous pathological\u0000processes. In this review, we pay attention to narrow practical question of the most effective and convenient\u0000technology of IHT implementation, notably the inhalation of hypoxic gas mixtures. Data strongly suggest\u0000that in humans the training with 15-13% inhaled oxygen (FiO2) at various time characteristics does not\u0000provide marked positive changes. Short-term daily sessions consisting 3-4 bouts of 5-7 min exposures to\u000012-10% FiO2 alternating with equal durations of normoxia for 2-3 weeks have been shown as a most\u0000beneficial without maladaptive consequences for fitness and treatment of some diseases. More severe or\u0000longer intermittent hypoxia protocols must be accompanied by strict monitoring of blood oxygen saturation\u0000(SpO2), electrocardiogram, breathing pattern and arterial blood pressure in order to avoid unexpected\u0000undesirable individual reactions. For sports purposes, the reduction of oxygen content to individually\u0000tolerable level for some minutes is justified as far as it maximizes benefits. However, such regimen requires\u0000preliminary diagnostics of individual hypoxic tolerance and cardio-respiratory reactivity as well as rigorous\u0000monitoring of vital functions during IHT and good feedback device. The use of oxygen concentrations below\u000012% for treatment of diseases, especially in children and the elderly, are required substantial additional\u0000research. Recently, a new mode of adaptive training was explored, which combines periods of hypoxia\u0000(12-10% FiO2) and hyperoxia (30-35% FiO2). Limited evidences suggest that such regime can reduce the\u0000time of recovery periods, that is shorten the duration of sessions. However, there is still no strong comparative\u0000evidence for humans that this method is much more efficient than hypoxic-normoxic mode. We appeal to all\u0000scientists working in the field of IHT not to hide their negative results but publish all observations in the open\u0000press. It will make a significant contribution in developing of common guidelines for IHT implementation\u0000to improve public health of our Planet.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"62 3","pages":"78-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35940406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ELITE ATHLETES IN DIFFERENT AGING GROUPS.","authors":"L G Korobeynikova,&nbsp;M Yu Makarchuk,&nbsp;G V Korobeynikov,&nbsp;V S Mischenko,&nbsp;O B Zapovitryana","doi":"10.15407/fz62.06.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz62.06.081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influences of aging peculiarities in elite athletes on the psychophysiological states on the stage of the maximum capacity were studied. Three groups of athletes with different age were studied. The first group was composed of the athletes aged 18-20, the second one included athletes aged 21-25, the third group included athletes aged 26-34, and were the members of the team of Ukraine in Greco-Roman wrestling. We revealed that elite athletes of older age group were significantly different from the younger by the presence of a large fatigue with the decline of autonomy when forming strategies of sports activities and more perfect the mechanism of autonomic reactions. The aging deterioration of perception of visual information in elite athletes of older age group manifested in a significant decrease of productivity, efficiency and speed for comparison with the groups of younger athletes. Also, in elite athletes older age group there is a significantly higher level of tension of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm compared with young athletes and the presence of more optimal activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"62 6","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40526545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ALLOCATION OF ZINC, MAGNESIUM AND COPPER IN GRANULOCYTES AND SERUM OF RABBITS WHILE INTRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES THAT CHANGE THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF ADRENAL CORTEX AND THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM].","authors":"N V Grigorova","doi":"10.15407/fz61.02.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.02.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was investigate the content of zinc, magnesium and copper in granulocytes and blood serum of the rabbits, that were injected with substances, that change the functional state of adrenal cortex, sympathetic-adrenal and parasympathetic nervous systems. It has been found that adrenaline, prednisolone and pilocarpine caused the multidirectional changes of these metals content in cells and in extracellular space. In this significant increase of zinc concentration by 33 - 42%, magnesium--by 33 -50%, and also decrease of copper content by 25-50% was observed in granulocytes of animals after adrenal hormones injections. Under the influence of cholinomimetics content of zinc and magnesium were essential decreased in granulocytes of the rabbits, by 58% and by 33% respectively, and content of copper was risen by 43% (P < 0.001). The opposite pattern was observed in serum. Adrenaline and prednisolone prescription caused a significant decrease of zinc concentration by 20-24%, magnesium--by 22-33%, and increase of copper content by 36-43%. Pilocarpine injection caused a decrease of zinc and magnesium content by 28 and 33% (P < 0.01) respectively, and an increase of copper concentration by 43% (P < 0.001). The obtained results also indicate a synergistic relationship between zinc and magnesium in cells, but antagonistic--these metals with copper.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":" ","pages":"34-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34086685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ROLE OF THROMBOXANE AND LEUKOTRIENES IN MECHANISMS OF CONTRACTILE REACTIONS OF PORTAL VEIN, INDUCED BY ACETYLCHLINE AND PHENYLEPHRINE].","authors":"O O Vinogradova,&nbsp;P I Yanchuk,&nbsp;O M Pasichnichenko","doi":"10.15407/fz61.03.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.03.070","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of picotamide and zileuton on tonic contractile activity of the rat portal vein preparations, induced by acetylcholine (2.10(-5) mol/1) and phenylephrine (5.10(-7) mol/1) were investigated. Conversion of arachidonic acid products (prostaglandins, leukotrienes) synthesized by endothelial cells, plays an important role in the local regulation of vascular tone. The compounds formed in a cascade of enzymatic transformations can modulate the effect of other vasoactive factors. Picotamide (6,5.10(-5) mol/1) - thromboxane receptor and thromboxane -synthase blocker - depress acetylcholine-induction tonic contraction of isolated segments of portal vein with intact endothelium by 29% and norepinephrine-induction reduction of 45% relative to the control values. The obtained results indicate a participation of thromboxane and/or endoperoxide H2 in this reaction. Partial inhibition of the contractions by 5-lipoxygenase blocker zileuton(4,2.10(-5) mol/1) at 23% relative to control values suggests, that products of lipoxigenase pathways of arachidonic acid conversion are involved in mechanisms of specified reactions. These data indicate complex mechanisms of regulation of vascular tone of the portal vein, which play an important role eicosanoids. Further study of these mechanisms is necessary for the formation of basic knowledge, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms of occurrence and development of pathological conditions of vessels and the development of methods of their correction.","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 3","pages":"70-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34283408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote ischemic preconditioning versus intermittent hypoxia training: a comparative analysis for cardioprotection.","authors":"T V Serebrovska,&nbsp;V B Shatilo","doi":"10.15407/fz61.03.099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.03.099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an adaptive phenomenon that occurs after one or more short periods of ischemia/reperfusion, and consists in increasing the tolerance of an organ or tissue to the damaging effect of a long period of ischemia/reperfusion. Although IPC was shown to have a protective effect in animal models or during operative interventions, the obvious difficulties involved in subjecting the heart to direct IPC restrict its potential clinical applications. In this perspective, the phenomenon of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC: ischemia/reperfusion cycles in the arm or leg) appears extremely encouraging. Intermittent hypoxic training (IHI, periodic exposure of an organism to hypoxic gas mixtures, or stay in the chamber or altitudes) also has powerful adaptogenic effect increasing the resistance to subsequent episodes of severe hypoxia/ischemia. This review discusses main mechanisms and clinical applications of RIPC in cardiology versus IHT technologies. Benefits and disadvantages of both methods are under consideration. Positive and negative effects of hypercapnia during the RIPC technology are also examined. We wish to stimulate a comprehensive understanding of such a complex physiological phenomenon as intermittent hypoxia and ischemic preconditioning in order to prevent or reduce their harmful consequences, while maximize their potential utility as an effective therapeutic tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 3","pages":"99-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34179886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS MELATONIN ON BONE REMODELING].","authors":"V A Berezovskyi,&nbsp;I G Litovka,&nbsp;S P Veselskyi,&nbsp;R V Janko,&nbsp;U A Zhernoklev","doi":"10.15407/fz61.03.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.03.064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was investigated in spring 28-day experiment the administration of pharmacological doses (5 mg/kg) of melatonin to 3-month male rats with high and low levels of energy metabolismat remodeling of bone tissue. It was shown the decrease in activity of osteoblast and increase of osteoclast activity regardless of energy metabolism intensity, increase in concentration of glycosaminoglycans and free amino acids. This indicates the inhibition of physiological bone remodeling and helps to maintain the integrity of the organic matrix and the inorganic component of the fixation of the connective tissue - hydroxyapatite crystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 3","pages":"64-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34283407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vascular endothelial growth factor during physical loads with different mechanism of energy's providing of muscular work].","authors":"Ju D Vinnichuck,&nbsp;L M Gunina","doi":"10.15407/fz61.01.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.01.063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the article the results of investigation of vascular endothelial growth factor's (VEGF) maintenance changes at the oxidative stress caused by physical activities and associated tissue hypoxia, for the representatives of types of sport with the different mechanisms of energy providing of muscular work are presented. The highest VEGF concentration of serum was marked in sports with representatives of aerobic energy supply mechanism of muscle activity--from 122.8±3.4 to 126.2±4.1 pg·ml(-1), intermediate values in VEGF marked in a mixed mechanism energy--102.4±4.91 pg·ml(-1). Anaerobic muscle activity observed providing the lowest of VEGF value (78.5±5.2 pg·ml(-1)). Initial VEGF concentration in athletes even before the current load is higher than in the healthy untrained people. A statistically significant positive correlation between the degree of antioxidant protection and the VEGF concentration has been found. It is concluded, that angiogenesis is one of the mechanisms of adaptation to tissue hypoxia during physical activities. Scientific Institute of the National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kiev.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33356563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of uncoupling proteins in mechanisms of protection from oxidative stress].","authors":"Iu V Hoshovs'ka","doi":"10.15407/fz61.01.091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.01.091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uncoupling proteins, UCPs, are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and catalize proton leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane. While UCP1 from brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy of proton gradient as heat mediating process of thermogenesis, the function of cardiac isoforms of UCPs is still debated. Since the content of UCPs in heart tissue is much lesser then in BAT mild uncoupling of respiratory chain by UCPs might regulate membrane potential of cardiac mitochondria, preventing excessive production of reactive oxygen species. The review is focused on own and literature evidences suggesting the protective role of UCPs activation from oxidative stress under ischemia-reperfusion conditions and aging. Participation of UCPs in endogenous mechanisms of cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 1","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33356567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE INFLUENCE OF EXTRACT FROM EMBRYONIC CHICKEN TISSUE ON THE DYNAMIC CHANGES OF MICE BLOOD SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND CYTOKINES AFTER γ-IRRADIATION].","authors":"M S Pogorelaya","doi":"10.15407/fz61.02.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.02.087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of preparations from embryonic chicken tissue on the dynamic changes in the levels of interleukins: 1β (IL-1 β), 6 (IL-6), 4 (IL-4) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were investigated in vivo, in the blood serum of white female laboratory mice exposed to single total γ-irradiation in a dose of 5 Gy. The experiments found that during the first days after the action of γ-radiation the indices of resistance of the organism undergoe significant destabilizing changes. These changes are manifested by an increase in IL-1β proinflammatory cytokine in response to external influences. However, the rapid decline in its level during the first days after irradiation reflects alterations in its production. The content of the serum IL-4 in all time points was higher than in the intact group. Moreover, the dynamics of its level during the first days after the irradiation was observed. An increased level of CRP was detected 6 hours after the exposure, indicating the dynamic changes of the severity of the inflammatory process. Administration of preparations from embryonic chicken tissue causes a considerable increase in the content of IL-1β and IL-6 in 3 and 6 hours after the r-irradiation, with stabilization after 12 hours. When using the preparations before an irradiation, a significantly lower level of CRP was detected in comparison to animals that did not get the preparations. When using the embryonic preparations, the stimulation of synthesis of IL-4 was observed, whose level increased in every time of taking blood samples. Possibility for induction of row of cytokines, in particular, IL-1β and IL-6, plays an important role in stimulation of hematopoiesis and provides a basis to consider this substance as an immunomodulator in pathologic immunosuppressive states. The decrease of serum CRP level can indicate the ability to reduce the severity of radiation injury. In the experimental conditions, an embryonic preparation exhibits inertness relative to the healthy organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":" ","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34019179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Genotoxic stress and the pathways of thymus cell death and lymph nodes of mice in conditions of immunocomplex pathology].","authors":"N G Grushka,&nbsp;S I Pavlovych,&nbsp;T M Bryzgina,&nbsp;V S Sukhina,&nbsp;N V Makogon,&nbsp;R I Yanchiy","doi":"10.15407/fz61.01.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/fz61.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There were performed the studies of genotoxic stress and the ways of immunocompetent cells death (apoptosis and necrosis) in the modeling of immune system damage by immunization of CBA mice with the bovine serum albumin. Immunofluorescence studies of immunized mice were established the fixation of immune complexes in liver tissue, spleen, kidney and the aorta. Histological studies of these organs showed vascular system affection and, to a lesser extent, parenchyma. It has been shown that DNA comets index increases in 1,4 time in the lymph node cells and in 1,5 time in the thymus cells in the presence of BSA immunization. We also observed an increase in the number of cells with maximum damage DNA thymus preparations (3.4 fold) and lymph nodes (3.3-fold), respectively, indicating strong genotoxic stress. There were shown the reduce of live ICC number and their death increase, including the pro-inflammatory and immunogenic necrotic way. In that way, data which were obtained on the experimental model is evidenced that generalized immunecomplex pathologic process leads to DNA damage and ICC death both central and peripheral organs of the immune system. ICC genotoxic stress and their death amplification by the necrotic way may play a significant role in the immunecomplex deseases development. These factors of peripheral blood lymphocytes can serve as a prospective test system for assessing the severity of autoimmune and immune complex diseases and their treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":73031,"journal":{"name":"Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994)","volume":"61 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33238284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}