Faculty reviews最新文献_第2页

BAR-domain proteins and host membrane remodeling in bacterial invasion 细菌入侵过程中BAR结构域蛋白与宿主膜重构

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-15

Lisa Sanchez, Camila Valenzuela, J. Enninga

引用次数: 0

Advances in hemodialysis therapy. 血液透析疗法的进展。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-05-16 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-12

Bijin Thajudeen, Dany Issa, Prabir Roy-Chaudhury

{"title":"Advances in hemodialysis therapy.","authors":"Bijin Thajudeen, Dany Issa, Prabir Roy-Chaudhury","doi":"10.12703/r/12-12","DOIUrl":"10.12703/r/12-12","url":null,"abstract":"End-stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to be a disease process with a high rate of hospitalization and mortality. There has been little innovation in nephrology over the last few decades compared to revolutionary high-tech advancements in other areas like oncology and cardiovascular medicine. Kidney transplantation, the only available alternative to renal replacement therapy, is limited in its availability. It is essential to have advances in this field to improve the efficiency of currently available treatments and devise new therapies. The current description of renal replacement therapy is inappropriate as it only replaces the filtration function of the failed kidney without addressing its other vital metabolic, endocrinologic, and immunologic roles and portability. Hence, it is critical to have newer therapies focusing on total replacement and portability, not just clearance. This review will address the developments in hemodialysis therapy. Advances in hemodialysis therapy include hemodiafiltration, portable machines, wearable artificial kidneys, and bioartificial kidneys. Although promising, newer technologies in this direction are still far from clinical application. Several organizations and enterprises including the Kidney Health Initiative and Kidney X: The Kidney Innovation Accelerator, as well as The Advancing American Kidney Health Initiative, are working in tandem to develop new therapies that could customize the treatment of ESRD.","PeriodicalId":73016,"journal":{"name":"Faculty reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10241346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bending actin filaments: twists of fate. 弯曲肌动蛋白丝：命运的扭曲

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-7

Mitsutoshi Nakamura, Justin Hui, Susan M Parkhurst

{"title":"Bending actin filaments: twists of fate.","authors":"Mitsutoshi Nakamura, Justin Hui, Susan M Parkhurst","doi":"10.12703/r/12-7","DOIUrl":"10.12703/r/12-7","url":null,"abstract":"In many cellular contexts, intracellular actomyosin networks must generate directional forces to carry out cellular tasks such as migration and endocytosis, which play important roles during normal developmental processes. A number of different actin binding proteins have been identified that form linear or branched actin, and that regulate these filaments through activities such as bundling, crosslinking, and depolymerization to create a wide variety of functional actin assemblies. The helical nature of actin filaments allows them to better accommodate tensile stresses by untwisting, as well as to bend to great curvatures without breaking. Interestingly, this latter property, the bending of actin filaments, is emerging as an exciting new feature for determining dynamic actin configurations and functions. Indeed, recent studies using in vitro assays have found that proteins including IQGAP, Cofilin, Septins, Anillin, α-Actinin, Fascin, and Myosins-alone or in combination-can influence the bending or curvature of actin filaments. This bending increases the number and types of dynamic assemblies that can be generated, as well as the spectrum of their functions. Intriguingly, in some cases, actin bending creates directionality within a cell, resulting in a chiral cell shape. This actin-dependent cell chirality is highly conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates and is essential for cell migration and breaking L-R symmetry of tissues/organs. Here, we review how different types of actin binding protein can bend actin filaments, induce curved filament geometries, and how they impact on cellular functions.","PeriodicalId":73016,"journal":{"name":"Faculty reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10111394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9385011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell cycle exits and U-turns: Quiescence as multiple reversible forms of arrest. 细胞周期的退出和U型转弯：作为多种可逆停滞形式的静止。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-03-08 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-5

Martha Sharisha Johnson, Jeanette Gowen Cook

引用次数: 0

Vascular therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). 杜氏肌营养不良症（DMD）的血管疗法。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-02-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-3

Sangharsha Thapa, Shaymaa Elhadidy, Atsushi Asakura

{"title":"Vascular therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).","authors":"Sangharsha Thapa, Shaymaa Elhadidy, Atsushi Asakura","doi":"10.12703/r/12-3","DOIUrl":"10.12703/r/12-3","url":null,"abstract":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease characterized by the wasting of the muscles that eventually lead to difficulty moving and, ultimately, premature death from heart and respiratory complications. DMD deficiency is caused by mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin, which prevents skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and other cells from producing the functional protein. Located on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, dystrophin serves as a component of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC), mechanically reinforces the sarcolemma, and stabilizes the DGC, preventing it from contraction-mediated muscle degradation. In DMD muscle, dystrophin deficiency leads to progressive fibrosis, myofiber damage, chronic inflammation, and dysfunction of the mitochondria and muscle stem cells. Currently, DMD is incurable, and treatment involves the administration of glucocorticoids in order to delay disease progression. In the presence of developmental delay, proximal weakness, and elevated serum creatine kinase levels, a definitive diagnosis can usually be made after an extensive review of the patient's history and physical examination, as well as confirmation through muscle biopsy or genetic testing. Current standards of care include the use of corticosteroids to prolong ambulation and delay the onset of secondary complications, including respiratory muscle and cardiac functions. However, different studies have been carried out to show the relationship between vascular density and impaired angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of DMD. Several recent studies on DMD management are vascular targeted and focused on ischemia as a culprit for the pathogenesis of DMD. This review critically discusses approaches-such as modulation of nitric oxide (NO) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-related pathways-to attenuate the dystrophic phenotype and enhance angiogenesis.","PeriodicalId":73016,"journal":{"name":"Faculty reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9979239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10845007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances towards the complete in vitro life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii. 研究弓形虫完整体外生命周期的进展。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-02-13 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-1

David Warschkau, Frank Seeber

引用次数: 0

From Translation to Treatment. 从翻译到治疗。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-9

Xuemin Wang, Christopher G Proud

引用次数: 0

ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in adults. 成人alk阳性间变性大细胞淋巴瘤。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-21

Matthew J Gromowsky, Christopher R D'Angelo, Matthew A Lunning, James O Armitage

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the understanding and psychological treatment of social anxiety disorder. 社交焦虑障碍的认识与心理治疗的最新进展。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-8

Kate Wolitzky-Taylor, Richard LeBeau

引用次数: 2

Recent advances in electroconvulsive therapy in clinical practice and research. 电休克治疗的临床实践与研究进展。

Faculty reviews Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.12703/r/12-13

Fahad Mukhtar, William Regenold, Sarah H Lisanby

{"title":"Recent advances in electroconvulsive therapy in clinical practice and research.","authors":"Fahad Mukhtar, William Regenold, Sarah H Lisanby","doi":"10.12703/r/12-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12703/r/12-13","url":null,"abstract":"Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the oldest somatic therapy still in use in psychiatry today, remains one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for a wide variety of psychiatric disorders. In this article, we review some of the recent advances in ECT that are currently being researched and implemented in clinical practice. We explore recent studies that point to the potential therapeutic benefit and safety of ECT in COVID-19-related neuropsychiatric complications and special populations (such as the elderly and pregnant persons) that are generally at higher risk of having adverse effects from psychotropic medications. We highlight studies that performed a head-to-head comparison of ECT and ketamine, which has shown promise for treatment-resistant depression and acute suicidality. Researchers continue to explore different ways of using ECT by modifying the treatment parameters to maintain efficacy and decrease side effects. Neurocognitive side effects remain one of the major drawbacks to its use and contribute to the negative stigma of this highly effective treatment. In this regard, we describe attempts to improve the safety of ECT by modifying dosing parameters, novel electrode placements, and the addition of augmenting agents with the aim of decreasing side effects and improving efficacy. This review identifies some of the recent advances in the last few years in ECT research while also highlighting areas where further research is needed.","PeriodicalId":73016,"journal":{"name":"Faculty reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10259509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9988700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0