F&S science最新文献

{"title":"Genetics of the preimplantation embryo","authors":"Nathan R. Treff Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9900311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer of the fittest: using preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy to select embryo(s) most likely to lead to live birth","authors":"Jenna S. Hynes M.D.,&nbsp;Eric J. Forman M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy<span><span> (PGT-A) was developed to identify euploid embryos from a cohort of embryos with unknown ploidy produced during an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. In recent years, the ability of PGT-A to improve IVF outcomes has come into question. The goal of this review was to summarize the major </span>randomized controlled trials<span><span> (RCTs) and nonselection studies evaluating the benefit of PGT-A to improve the live birth rates (LBRs). We argue that the LBR per transfer is more relevant to the individual patient than the cumulative LBR as a means to minimize the burden of IVF by reducing futile transfers, pregnancy losses, and ongoing aneuploidy. The early RCTs demonstrate improved implantation rates and LBRs with PGT-A for embryo selection vs. traditional morphology. However, these studies are limited by the small sample size and a bias toward good-prognosis patients. Further studies using next-generation sequencing found more variable results but did confirm an improvement in the LBRs per transfer in an older population with a higher baseline risk of aneuploidy. The largest RCT to date showed similar cumulative LBRs in the PGT-A and control groups after biopsy and sequential transfer of up to 3 </span>blastocysts with a significant reduction in the cumulative clinical pregnancy loss rate in the PGT-A group. Nonselection studies evaluating pregnancy outcomes after transfer of euploid vs. aneuploid embryos demonstrate near-perfect negative predictive value for an aneuploid result to predict live birth. Putative mosaic embryos had similar LBRs compared with euploid embryos. The available RCTs and nonselection studies support the practice of using PGT-A to identify euploid embryos for transfer, especially in an older population, while simultaneously selecting against aneuploid embryos, without negative impact on the total reproductive potential of the cycle.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diminishing oocyte quality with advancing age is associated with deficiency of nitric oxide synthase cofactors, tetrahydrobiopterin, and zinc, in mouse oocytes","authors":"Olivia G. Camp M.S. ,&nbsp;Anuradha P. Goud Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Pravin T. Goud M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;David Bai B.S. ,&nbsp;Awoniyi Awonuga M.D. ,&nbsp;Husam M. Abu-Soud Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To study the implications of decreased zinc and tetrahydrobiopterin (H₄B) associated with chronological aging on oocyte quality using a mouse model. H₄<span>B and zinc are essential cofactors for nitric oxide synthase<span><span> (NOS), because they aid in electron transfer and dimeric stability, and their bioavailability is crucial in regulating NOS coupling. We have previously shown that sufficient levels of </span>nitric oxide (NO) are essential for maintaining oocyte quality and activation, and NO levels decrease in the oocyte as a function of age. Thus, it is plausible that zinc and H</span></span>₄<span>B may decrease as a function of age, resulting in NOS dysfunction with subsequent depletion of NO. Additionally, increased production of reactive oxygen species from the monomeric form can further disrupt oocyte quality and NO bioavailability.</span></p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Experimental laboratory study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Laboratory.</p></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><p>B6D2F1 mice.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention(s)</h3><p>Sibling oocytes were retrieved from super-ovulated B6D2F1 mice from 3 age groups: 8–14 weeks (young breeders [YBs]), 48–52 weeks (retired breeders [RBs]), and 80–84 weeks (old animals [OAs]).</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3><p><span><span>Oocytes were scored for ooplasmic/spindle microtubule (MT) morphology, chromosomal alignment, and cortical granule (CG) intactness using </span>immunofluorescence<span> and confocal microscopy with 3 dimension image reconstruction and subjected to an high-performance liquid chromatography assay to measure the concentrations of H</span></span>₄<span>B and its metabolites, as well as the zinc measurement using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.</span></p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3><p>Oocyte scoring showed a reduction in “good” quality oocyte percentage as age increases, with YB having the highest percentage of quality oocytes followed by RB and OA. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed a significant progressive decrease in total H₄<span>B in RB and OA (0.00098 picogram (pg)/oocyte and 0.00069 pg/oocyte, respectively) compared with YB (0.00125 pg/oocyte). Atomic absorbance spectrophotometry revealed a significant progressive decrease in zinc concentration in RB and OA compared with YB (8.45 pg/oocyte and 5.82 pg/oocyte vs. 10.05 pg/oocyte, respectively).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><p>Age-related diminution in oocyte quality is paralleled by a decline in the levels of H₄<span>B and zinc. The resultant deficiency in the oocytes can lead to the inability of NOS to maintain dimerization. Consequent uncoupling of NOS generates superoxide instead of NO, which participates in a multitude of reactions contributing to oxidative stress. Therefore, dysfunction of NOS secondary to zinc and H</span>₄B loss is a major mechanism inv","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid analysis in preimplantation genetic testing","authors":"Carmen Maria García-Pascual Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Luis Navarro-Sánchez Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ianae Ichikawa-Ceschin M.A. ,&nbsp;Dany Bakalova M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Lucia Martínez-Merino B.Sc ,&nbsp;Carlos Simón M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Carmen Rubio Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detection of chromosomal aneuploidies<span><span><span> and monogenic disorders in </span>preimplantation embryos<span><span> is essential for selecting the best embryo for transfer during in vitro fertilization to achieve a healthy pregnancy. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is typically performed on preimplantation embryos to select a genetically normal embryo for transfer. A trophectoderm biopsy is necessary for PGT; this is an invasive procedure to the embryo that requires specialized equipment and highly trained embryologists, resulting in high costs associated with in vitro fertilization treatment<span>. Moreover, the biopsy procedure may increase the likelihood of developing </span></span>pregnancy complications, such as </span></span>preeclampsia<span><span> and hypertensive disorders. Therefore, there is a need for noninvasive embryo screening strategies. The presence of cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid in the embryo culture medium presents an opportunity to screen for genetic abnormalities. Cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid is released by embryos in the latter stages of preimplantation development, and its analysis has been proposed as a noninvasive approach for PGT. Here, we review studies reporting the concordance rates between cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid and trophectoderm biopsies, or whole </span>blastocysts, in couples undergoing PGT. Noninvasive PGT results are promising for aneuploidy detection, with some early evidence of successful clinical application. Further research is required to explore its application for the detection of structural rearrangements and monogenic disorders.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9530321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editor-In-Chief","authors":"William H. Catherino M.D., Ph.D. (Editor-in-Chief, F&S Science)","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9502119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonerythroid hemoglobin promotes human cumulus cell viability and the developmental capacity of the human oocyte","authors":"Reeva B. Makhijani M.D. ,&nbsp;Alison F. Bartolucci Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Cindy A. Pru M.S. ,&nbsp;James K. Pru Ph.D. ,&nbsp;John J. Peluso Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the relationship between the levels of cumulus cell<span> (CC) hemoglobin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and the developmental potential of the associated oocyte and whether hemoglobin protects the CCs from oxidative stress–induced apoptosis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Laboratory-based study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>University laboratory and university-affiliated in vitro fertilization center.</p></div><div><h3>Patient(s)</h3><p>Cumulus cells from the oocytes of patients who underwent in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection with and without preimplantation genetic testing between 2018 and 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention(s)</h3><p><span>Studies on individual and pooled CCs collected at the time of oocyte retrieval or cultured under 20% or 5% O</span>₂.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3><p><span>Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of individual and pooled patient CC samples were used to monitor the hemoglobin mRNA levels. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction arrays were used to assess genes that regulate oxidative stress in CCs associated with </span>aneuploid<span><span> and euploid blastocysts. Studies were conducted to assess the effect of oxidative stress on the rate of apoptosis, level of </span>reactive oxygen species, and gene expression in CCs in vitro.</span></p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3><p>Compared with CCs associated with arrested and aneuploid blastocysts, the mRNA levels encoding the alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin increased by 2.9- and 2.3-fold in CCs associated with euploid blastocysts, respectively. The mRNA levels encoding the alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin also increased by 3.8- and 4.5-fold in CCs cultured under 5% O₂ vs. 20% O₂, respectively, and multiple regulators of oxidative stress were overexpressed in cells cultured under 20% O₂ compared with those under 5% O₂. However, the rate of apoptosis and amount of mitochondrial reactive oxidative species increased by 1.25-fold in CCs cultured under 20% O₂ compared with those under 5% O₂<span>. Variable amounts of the alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin were also detected within the zona pellucida and oocytes.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><p>Higher levels of nonerythroid hemoglobin in CCs are associated with oocytes that result in euploid blastocysts. Hemoglobin may protect CCs from oxidative stress–induced apoptosis, which may enhance cumulus-oocyte interactions. Moreover, CC-derived hemoglobin may be transferred to the oocytes and protect it from the adverse effects of oxidative stress that occurs in vivo and in vitro.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9521863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress response and the regulation of endometrial interferon-beta production","authors":"Ramya Sethuram M.D. ,&nbsp;Melissa Bukowski B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Francis Hernandez B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Yuan You B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Puscheck M.D. ,&nbsp;Gil Mor M.D. ,&nbsp;Pancharatnam Jeyasuria Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Condon Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2023.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To gain an understanding of the potential role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the endometrial compartment during early pregnancy, a highly understudied area.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>This study examined the regulation of interferon-β (IFNβ) in response to ER stress in human decidualized and nondecidualized endometrial cells (human endometrial stromal cells<span> [HESCs]) in vitro. In vivo, we examined ER stress and the IFNβ levels locally in the mouse endometrium before and after implantation at embryonic day (E)1, E3, and E6.</span></p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>The study was performed in a reproductive sciences laboratory for Human Growth and Development.</p></div><div><h3>Patient(s)</h3><p>None.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention(s)</h3><p>None.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3><p>Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical analysis allowed us to test the action of endogenous ER stress activation in the endometrial compartment likely triggered by implantation and its ability to increase the endometrial IFNβ levels.</p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3><p><span>In vitro, we observed a significant difference in the IFNβ levels in HESCs, in response to ER stress activation, where decidualized HESCs exhibited a threefold increase in the IFNβ levels compared with nondecidualized HESCs. Apoptotic caspase-3 activation was also isolated to the decidualized cells as a result of ER stress–dependent suppression of nuclear factor-kappa beta–regulated antiapoptotic<span> factors, XIAP and MCL-1. In vivo, mouse endometrial IFNβ was present in F4/80-positive macrophages at all time points examined. After implantation (E6), the mouse luminal epithelial cells robustly coexpressed both IFNβ and the ER stress marker </span></span>immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><p>These analyses demonstrate that both in vivo and in vitro, differentiated and decidualized endometrial cells undergoing ER stress have the capacity to produce increased IFNβ levels; therefore, ER stress activation in the endometrial compartment may play a vital role in promoting successful implantation events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preimplantation apoptotic endometrial caspase-3–mediated phospholipase A2 activation: a potential component in programming uterine receptivity","authors":"Sicily E. Garvin M.D. ,&nbsp;Chandrashekara Kyathanahalli Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Sohail Soha B.S. ,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Condon Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Pancharatnam Jeyasuria Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine the activation and consequence of uterine apoptotic caspase-3 action on 1 day after coitus (dpc) in the pregnant mouse. We have previously demonstrated that in a pregnant uterus, caspase-3 activation from mid to late gestation isolated to the myometrial compartment is largely nonapoptotic and controls uterine quiescence. Additionally, we had demonstrated that apoptotic caspase-3 activation isolated to the endometrial compartment at term regulated endometrial prostaglandin synthesis.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Uteri were isolated from pseudopregnant and nonligated controls and unilateral and bilateral ligated uterine horn mouse models at 1, 3, and 6 dpc. Uteri were examined for apoptotic indices, such as caspase-3 activation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling staining. Immunohistochemical analysis identified the site of uterine apoptotic caspase-3 activation. The truncated form of phospholipase A2 was examined as a measure of apoptotic caspase-3–mediated calcium independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activation.</p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3><p>We identified the site and impact of uterine apoptotic caspase-3 activation using uteri isolated from nonpregnant control animals at estrous and diestrous and control pregnant mice at 1–19 dpc. Our analysis revealed that apoptotic caspase-3 and iPLA2 activation were limited to the endometrial compartments of the control and unilateral ligated uteri on 1 dpc and were not found in the pseudopregnant or bilateral ligated uterine horn or on 3 or 6 dpc in the control and unilateral ligated uteri.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><p>In this study, we determined that uterine caspase-3 activation on 1 dpc, which is endometrial and apoptotic in nature, may play a potential role in regulating the previously reported preimplantation surge in endometrial PGE2 synthesis through apoptotic caspase-3–mediated iPLA2 activation. Our data indicate that the presence of a conceptus on 1 dpc likely triggers an increase in endometrial apoptotic caspase-3–mediated iPLA2 activation. When activated, iPLA2 causes the hydrolysis of fatty acids, resulting in arachidonic acid release and PGE2 production, which has been demonstrated to act in a leutoprotective manner in early pregnancy, prolonging progesterone synthesis and promoting uterine receptivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing male gamete genome integrity to ameliorate poor assisted reproductive technology clinical outcome","authors":"Olena M. Kocur B.A.,&nbsp;Philip Xie B.Sc.,&nbsp;Sydney Souness B.Sc.,&nbsp;Stephanie Cheung M.Sc.,&nbsp;Zev Rosenwaks M.D.,&nbsp;Gianpiero D. Palermo M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the role of evaluating sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) as a tool to guide treatment in couples who achieved unexpectedly poor clinical outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>We identified couples with an unexpectedly suboptimal clinical outcome after ICSI who were then screened for SCF. Consequently, the same couples were counseled to undergo a subsequent ICSI cycle using either ejaculates processed by microfluidic sperm selection (MFSS) or spermatozoa retrieved from the testis, and clinical outcomes were compared between history and treatment cycles. To confirm the sole effect of a compromised male gamete, we compared the ICSI outcome in cycles where male gametes with abnormal SCF were used to inseminate autologous and donor oocytes. Finally, to eliminate an eventual confounding female factor component, we compared the clinical outcome of ICSI cycles using sibling donor oocytes injected with spermatozoa with normal or abnormal SCF.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Academic reproductive medicine center point of care.</p></div><div><h3>Patient(s)</h3><p>The patient population consisted of 76 couples with reproductively healthy and relatively young female partners and male partners with compromised semen parameters, but suitable for ICSI. In a subanalysis, we identified 67 couples with abnormal SCF who underwent ICSI cycle(s) with donor oocytes. Furthermore, we identified 29 couples, 12 with normal SCF and 17 with abnormal, uncorrected SCF, and 7 couples with abnormal, corrected SCF vs. a control, who used sibling donor oocytes for their ICSI cycle(s).</p></div><div><h3>Intervention(s)</h3><p>For couples who resulted in surprisingly low clinical outcomes after ICSI, despite semen parameters adequate for ICSI and a normal female infertility evaluation, a SCF assessment was performed on the semen specimen using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein-deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The couples then underwent a subsequent ICSI cycle with spermatozoa processed by MFSS or surgically retrieved. Moreover, cycles with donor oocytes were used to confirm the sole contribution of the male gamete.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3><p>Clinical outcomes, such as fertilization, embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy, delivery, and pregnancy loss rates were compared between history and treatment cycle(s) using ejaculated spermatozoa selected by MFSS or from a testicular biopsy, taking into consideration the level of SCF. In a subanalysis, we reported the clinical outcomes of 67 patients who used donor oocytes and compared them with cycles where their own oocytes were used. Furthermore, we compared the ICSI clinical outcomes between cycles using sibling donor oocytes injected with low or high SCF with or without sperm intervention aimed at correcting, or alleviating the degree of SCF.</p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10869223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruit and vegetable consumption, pesticide residue intake from consumption of fruits and vegetables, and risk of uterine fibroids","authors":"Colette P. Davis Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Nichole A. Garzia Ph.D ,&nbsp;Kara Cushing-Haugen M.S. ,&nbsp;Kathryn L. Terry Sc.D. ,&nbsp;Yu-Han Chiu M.D., Sc.D. ,&nbsp;Helena Sandoval-Insausti M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jorge E. Chavarro M.D., Sc.D. ,&nbsp;Stacey A. Missmer Sc.D. ,&nbsp;Holly R. Harris Sc.D","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>To examine the association between consumption of fruits and vegetables and pesticide residue intake from consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of ultrasound- or hysterectomy-confirmed fibroids. Only a few studies have evaluated the association of fruit and vegetable intake with </span>uterine fibroids, with inconsistent results. No studies have examined pesticide exposure through fruits and vegetables with fibroid risk.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p><span>Prospective cohort study. Cox </span>proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div><div><h3>Patient(s)</h3><p>A total of 81,782 premenopausal participants from the Nurses’ Health Study II cohort were followed from 1991 to 2009 for fruit and vegetable analysis, and 49,927 participants were followed from 1999 to 2009 for pesticide residue burden analysis. Their diet was assessed every 4 years with a food frequency questionnaire. Fruits and vegetables were classified into high- or low-pesticide residues using a validated method based on surveillance data from the US Department of Agriculture.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention(s)</h3><p>Not applicable.</p></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3><p>Cases of ultrasound- or hysterectomy-confirmed fibroids were identified from self-reports to validated questionnaires.</p></div><div><h3>Result(s)</h3><p>From 1991 to 2009, 9,706 incident cases of ultrasound- or hysterectomy-confirmed fibroids were reported, and 4,195 incident cases were identified from 1999 to 2009. No association was observed between total fruit and vegetable consumption and uterine fibroid risk. Participants with the highest intake of total fruits (≥4/day) were 10% less likely to develop uterine fibroids compared with participants who consumed &lt;1/day (95% CI = 0.80–1.01). No associations were observed with any other fruit or vegetable groups. An inverse association was observed between intake of high-pesticide-residue fruits and vegetables and fibroid risk (HR for 5^th vs. 1^st quintile = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.77–0.99), while no association with low-pesticide-residue fruits and vegetables was observed (HR for 5^th vs. 1^st quintile = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.95–1.23).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion(s)</h3><p>Our findings suggest that pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables are not associated with a higher risk of uterine fibroids. Furthermore, our results suggest that intake of fruits may be associated with a lower risk of fibroids. Future research in this area should focus on dietary exposures across the life course as well as assessment of class-specific pesticides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9375389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}