F&S science最新文献

{"title":"Integrative Machine Learning Models to Unravel Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Functional Disruption in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","authors":"Geetika Devi Kaliappa, Hema Palanisamy, Subramanian Vidyalakshmi","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study gut microbial diversity and metabolic pathway disruptions in women with PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) compared to healthy controls, and to evaluate the diagnostic potential of microbiome-driven machine learning models.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case-controlled metagenomic data analysis SUBJECTS: Gut metagenomic data from women diagnosed with PCOS and age-matched healthy female controls EXPOSURE: Presence of PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measures will include gut microbial alpha and beta diversity indices, microbial taxon abundance, functional pathway profiles, predicted metabolite levels, microbe-functional pathway-metabolite interaction networks, and the diagnostic accuracy of microbiome-based machine learning models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed marked gut microbial dysbiosis in women with PCOS, despite comparable species richness to healthy controls. Differential abundance analysis identified 41 significantly altered microbial species, including enrichment of pro-inflammatory taxa such as Bacteroides vulgatus and Ruminococcus gnavus, and depletion of beneficial commensals including Roseburia hominis and Prevotella copri. These compositional shifts indicate a pro-inflammatory microbial community structure in PCOS. Functional profiling demonstrated the upregulation of pathways involved in nucleotide turnover, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, potentially contributing to metabolic and neuroendocrine disruption. Network analysis revealed fragmented and unstable microbial-metabolite associations in PCOS compared with cohesive networks in controls. Microbiome based machine learning models achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 84.25% (AUC 0.93), underscoring their predictive potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The gut microbiome in PCOS is characterized by a pro-inflammatory community structure and disrupted metabolic pathways. These findings demonstrate the diagnostic potential of microbiome-based models and underscore the gut microbiome as a promising target for therapeutic interventions in the management of PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of MED-12 Mutations in Uterine Leiomyomas of Nigerian Women.","authors":"Oluwakemi A Rotimi, Joy O Chionuma, Oluwatosin D Koyejo, Esther A Salami, Adebusola Shakunle, Victor Okebalama, Oladimeji Makinde, Solomon O Rotimi","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify, characterize and determine the frequency of MED-12 exon 2 mutations in the uterine leiomyomas (ULs) of Nigerian women. MED-12 mutations are the most common molecular subtype of uterine leiomyomas and have been linked with ULs in Western populations. The frequency of MED-12 mutations among Nigerian women has not been established.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Nigerian women with uterine leiomyomas undergoing myomectomy.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>Fibroid weight and other characteristics such as age, weight, BMI, parity and age at menarche. Identification and frequency of MED-12 mutations. DNA was extracted from the fibroid and adjacent myometrial tissues, and the MED-12 gene (exon 2) was amplified by PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sequencing data showed that 54.9% (56/102) of the fibroid tissues had MED-12 mutations compared with the adjacent myometrium. Of this percentage, 49.01% was found in codon 44, and c.131 G>A was the most frequent (24.51%), followed by c.130 G>C (5.88%). Other mutations were found in codons 43 (c.128 A>C) and 36 (c.107 T>G). Three samples had a mutation at intron 1 (c.100-8T>A). In summary, we identified 11 variants at four positions. Further computational prediction analysis showed that of the 11 variants, only 27.3% were tolerated, and all variants were either disease-causing, passenger mutations or probably damaging. However, there was no significant difference between the characteristics of the women whose ULs were MED-12 positive and negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study represents the first comprehensive analysis of MED-12 mutations in ULs of Nigerian women. This study indicates that analyzing MED-12 mutations in ULs of Nigerian women is essential for clinical practice and informing precision medicine for Nigerian women with ULs.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles released by uterine fibroid cells: modulation by omega-3 fatty acids and impact on recipient myometrial cells.","authors":"Stefania Greco, Rachele Agostin, Michela Battistelli, Giovanni Delli Carpini, Andrea Faragalli, Abel Duménigo González, Andrea Ciavattini, Michele Guescini, Pasquapina Ciarmela","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from primary myometrial and leiomyoma cells, as well as suitable cell lines, and to evaluate the release of EVs following omega-3 fatty acid treatment and their impact on fibronectin protein expression in recipient myometrial cells.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case-control laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>University institute and university hospital.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Patients with uterine fibroids.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Primary cells were obtained from uterine tissue samples (leiomyoma and healthy myometrium) of premenopausal women (41-49 years) undergoing surgery. Immortalized myometrial (A00-9) and leiomyoma (A00-10) cell lines were also used.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Cross-sectional in vitro study comparing untreated and omega-3-treated primary and immortalized myometrial and leiomyoma cells. EVs were isolated after 48 hours of treatment, characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and then used to treat myometrial cell lines. Fibronectin expression was measured in recipient cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EVs were isolated and fractionated into small (s) and large (l) EVs. sEVs release was significantly induced by EPA treatment (p<0.05). EVs derived from leiomyoma cells showed a trend toward increased fibronectin expression in recipient myometrial cells, whereas EVs from omega-3-treated leiomyoma cells showed attenuated effects. EVs from myometrial cells, treated or untreated, did not alter fibronectin expression. Results were consistent across biological replicates (n=3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>(s): These data suggest that leiomyoma-derived EVs contribute to fibrotic changes in surrounding myometrium and that omega-3 fatty acids can modulate EV release and EVs-mediated pro-fibrotic signaling. This may represent a potential proof-of-concept strategy for managing fibroid-associated fibrosis, though further in vivo validation is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOXO1 and Progesterone Receptor expression in endometrial epithelial cells at embryo transfer time: case-control and mechanistic study.","authors":"Wilder Alberto Palomino, Felipe Argandona, Maria Paz Rivas, Steven L Young, Maria Cecilia Johnson, Ricardo Francalacci Savaris","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the nuclear expression of transcription factor FOXO1 and progesterone receptor (PGR) loss in the endometrial epithelial cells (EEC) at embryo transfer time, in assisted reproduction cycles (ART) and to study the effect of elevated estradiol concentration on serum glucocorticoid/kinase-1 (SGK1) cytoplasmic increase and FOXO1 nuclear reduction using primary EEC.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case control observational study and mechanistic study by in vitro assay using cell culture of primary EEC. FOXO1 and PGR protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and quantified by Digital score. PGR mRNA levels were measured in Laser Capture Microdissected (LCM) EECs, using qRT-PCR. Primary EEC (p-EEC) were incubated with varying estradiol (E2) concentrations to assess Serum/Glucocorticoid Kinase-1 (SGK1) and FOXO1 nuclear expression. FOXO1 expression was analyzed using multiple linear regression with E2, progesterone (P4), and PGR as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>(Cases): Infertile women subjected to IVF or expecting frozen thawed embryo transfer (FET). (Controls): Fertile women during the mid luteal phase of natural cycles.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF or hormonal replacement therapy for frozen thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET). Cell culture of p-EEC with different estradiol concentrations.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>FOXO1 and PGR protein expression and PGR mRNA levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistical difference among groups was found related to age, BMI, or endometrial thickness. FOXO1 expression was significantly higher in controls compared to IVF and HRT groups (p=0.0006). PGR expression was lower in controls compared to IVF and HRT cases (p<0.0001). PGR mRNA levels from LCM-EEC were lower in controls versus IVF and HRT (p=0.0029). Multiple linear regression showed higher E2 levels strongly associated with lower FOXO1 levels (p=0.002). In vitro, elevated E2 increased cytoplasmic SGK1 and concomitantly decreased nuclear FOXO1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fertile implantation window is characterized by nuclear FOXO1 expression and PGR loss in EECs. In ART cycles, supraphysiological E2 levels appear to disrupt this profile, likely via SGK1 upregulation, resulting in retained PGR and reduced nuclear FOXO1, potentially compromising receptivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silymarin Mitigates Chemotherapy Induced Testicular Injury by Enhancing Antioxidant Defense and Preserving Reproductive Function in Male Mice.","authors":"Dhafer Jawad, Abdulrhman Khalifa, Sally Hussein, Hayder Abed","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfss.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study ameliorative effects of silymarin on hormonal balance, oxidative stress markers, sperm quality and testicular histopathology in male mice exposed to cyclophosphamide (CP).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Controlled experimental animal-study.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Eighty adult male mice were randomly assigned to five groups (N = 16 for each group) as untreated control, CP-only, silymarin (100 mg/kg) + CP, silymarin (200 mg/kg) + CP and last groups as silymarin-only.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Silymarin was given orally for 28 consecutive days while a single intraperitoneal dose of CP (200 mg/kg) was administered on day 22 to induce testicular injury.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Body and testicular weights were recorded at sacrifice and serum concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were quantified. Testicular tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress parameters (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH), sperm-characteristics including (count, motility, morphology) and histopathological change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cyclophosphamide (CP) showed significantly decreased body and testicular-weights, reduced testosterone levels and impaired sperm-parameters accompanied by rising in MDA and depletion of antioxidant-enzymes along with severe histopathological-changes. Co-administration of silymarin mitigated these adverse effects in a dose-dependent pattern. High-dose silymarin markedly restored hormonal levels, sperm quality, antioxidant balance and normal testicular-architecture to near-control levels. Silymarin alone produced no detrimental effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that silymarin mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity by enhancing antioxidant defenses, stabilizing hormonal function and preserving spermatogenesis in male mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147679071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular fluid per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, metabolomics, and live birth after in vitro fertilization: a pilot study.","authors":"Elvira S Fleury, Emily L Silva, Elizabeth Peebles, Anna S Young, Catherine E Mullins, Douglas I Walker, Zifan Wang, Daniel W Cramer, Allison F Vitonis, Kathryn L Terry, Bo Rueda, Shruthi Mahalingaiah","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in follicular fluid (FF) and live birth after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and characterize the FF metabolome in relation to both.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Thirty-six women who underwent IVF treatment at 1 of the 3 centers in Eastern Massachusetts between 1999 and 2003.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Twenty-four PFAS were measured in FF retrieved from the first follicle aspirated during the first treatment cycle. The 8 PFAS detected in >90% of samples were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We analyzed the FF metabolome using untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. We used linear regression to estimate associations between FF PFAS and metabolic feature intensities, and logistic regression to estimate associations of FF PFAS and metabolites with live birth, adjusting for age and infertility type. We subsequently conducted pathway enrichment analyses and used a meet-in-the-middle approach to screen for overlapping metabolic pathways associated with FF PFAS and live birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher FF perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS) was associated with lower odds of live birth (odds ratio = 0.42 [95% confidence interval: 0.15-0.97]). All other FF PFAS, except perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), were also inversely associated with live birth, although confidence intervals included the null value. We evaluated 27,903 features detected in >25% of participant samples. For PFAS-feature associations, the top 5% of features for each PFAS were enriched for bile acid biosynthesis. Thirty-eight FF metabolic pathways enriched for features associated with live birth (yes/no) overlapped with pathways enriched for features associated with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), PFHpS, or perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS). These included pathways related to lipid (n = 11), carbohydrate (n = 9), and vitamin and cofactor metabolism (n = 6), among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher FF PFAS concentrations were associated with lower odds of achieving live birth, although most 95% confidence intervals included the null. Metabolic pathways enriched for features associated with live birth overlapping with those associated with FF PFAS were related to lipid, carbohydrate, vitamin, and cofactor metabolism. Although our sample size was small, our findings align with other studies characterizing environmental exposures in reproductive organs and using the metabolome to assess their impact on fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of goat whey protein hydrolysate and vitamin-D₃ in combating D-galactose-induced sperm senescence in male mice.","authors":"Satish Kumar, Ramandeep Kaur, Vishvas Gohil, Fathima Jasmin A T, Ashutosh, Sunita Meena","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the therapeutic synergistic effect of goat whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) and vitamin-D₃ (Vit-D₃) in mitigating the adverse effects of D-galactose-induced sperm senescence in male mice (effects on sperm quality and reproductive health of male mice).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Controlled experiment animal study conducted on male Swiss albino mice to assess the synergistic effects of WPH and Vit-D₃ against D-galactose-induced sperm senescence.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>The present in vivo study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of WP, WPH, and Vit-D₃ on sperm function and motility in male mice. In this study, 48 male Swiss albino mice were randomly assigned to eight groups.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>To induce aging in mice, a solution of 0.9% saline containing D-galactose (150 mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally for 8 weeks. In this experiment, 48 male Swiss albino mice were randomly categorized into eight groups (I: control; II: D-Galactose (150 mg/kg body weight), Group III: Vit-C (300 mg/kg body weight), Group IV: WP (800 mg/kg body weight), Group V: WPH (800 mg/kg body weight), Group VI; Vit-D₃ (2 ng/μL oral), Group VII; WP+ Vit-D₃, and Group VIII; WPH+Vit-D_3. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluation of sperm quality parameters: sperm survival, sperm progressive motility, hypo-osmotic swelling test analysis, and testosterone level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicate a significant increase in the ratio of sperm survival, sperm progressive motility, and testosterone level by supplementation of WP, WPH, and Vit-D₃. These exposures, including dietary supplementation, have demonstrated promising results in mitigating the effects of aging on the reproductive health of mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study contributes to enhanced male reproductive health by diminishing the impact of senescence-induced male infertility and could be considered a potential therapeutic approach for healthy male reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of letrozole alone or combined with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on inflammation, folliculogenesis, and estrogen levels in a rat model of peritoneal endometriosis.","authors":"Sena Bekdemir, Nefise Nazlı Yenigül, Alperen Aksan, Sabire Güler","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of letrozole alone and in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on inflammatory cytokines, folliculogenesis, and hormonal profiles in a rat model of surgically induced peritoneal endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, controlled experimental laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Twenty-eight adult female Wistar albino rats randomly assigned to four groups (n = 7 each): sham, untreated endometriosis, letrozole, and letrozole plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Endometriosis was induced by autologous uterine tissue transplantation onto the pelvic peritoneum. After a 28-day lesion development period, intraperitoneal letrozole or combined letrozole plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy was administered for 30 days.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Peritoneal interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations; serum estradiol, CA-125, and antimüllerian hormone levels; and histological counts of ovarian follicle subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Untreated endometriosis increased peritoneal interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, as well as serum estradiol and CA-125 levels, reduced antimüllerian hormone concentrations, and disrupted folliculogenesis with higher atretic follicle counts compared with controls. Letrozole alone and combination therapy significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines, estradiol, and CA-125, and decreased atretic follicle numbers. Antimüllerian hormone levels and most follicular subtypes did not differ among treatment groups. No significant advantage of combination therapy over letrozole monotherapy was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Letrozole alone and combined therapy effectively attenuate inflammatory activity and reduce follicular atresia in experimental peritoneal endometriosis. No significant advantage of combination therapy over letrozole monotherapy was observed. However, direct comparisons between regimens should be interpreted with caution because of the different letrozole doses used across treatment arms and the inherent limitations of the experimental animal model.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence unlocks oocyte competence: MAGENTA outperforms clinical predictors and boosts euploidy modeling.","authors":"Amanda Setti, Daniela Braga, Maite Del Collado, Jullin Fjeldstad, Assumpto Iaconelli, Edson Borges","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study whether an artificial intelligence (AI)-derived oocyte morphology score (MAGENTA) predicts fertilization, embryo development, and euploidy, and whether integrating MAGENTA with clinical and embryological variables improves the performance of euploidy prediction models.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>A total of 2,196 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) between January 2020 and May 2024, with 13,370 oocytes analyzed, in a single university-affiliated IVF center. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was performed on 3,514 embryos from 1,147 cycles.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>All oocytes underwent standardized imaging and MAGENTA scoring before ICSI. Outcomes included fertilization, blastulation, top-quality blastocyst formation, and euploidy after PGT-A. Multivariable models assessed determinants of MAGENTA. Three predictive frameworks, MAGENTA-only, robust (MAGENTA + blastocyst quality), and full (MAGENTA + embryo morphology + 9 clinical variables), were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, calibration, Brier scores, permutation importance, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Association of MAGENTA scores with fertilization, blastulation, blastocyst quality, embryo euploidy, and clinical pregnancy. Performance of XGBoost machine learning for euploidy prediction and multivariate modeling of factors influencing MAGENTA scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MAGENTA scores increased progressively across embryological milestones. Female age was the strongest negative determinant of MAGENTA (B = -0.063/y). The MAGENTA-only model predicted euploidy with modest discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] 0.542; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.505-0.579). Incorporating blastocyst morphology improved the AUC to 0.607 (95% CI 0.573-0.641). The full model achieved the highest performance (AUC 0.666; 95% CI 0.632-0.700), with significantly better discrimination than the MAGENTA-only and robust models. Calibration metrics improved in parallel, with Brier scores decreasing from 0.237 to 0.227 and calibration slopes increasing from 0.259 to 0.645. Feature importance and SHAP analyses confirmed MAGENTA as a major contributor to predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MAGENTA was independently associated with fertilization, blastulation, blastocyst quality, and euploidy. Integrating MAGENTA with embryo morphology and pre-ICSI clinical variables significantly improved discrimination and calibration of euploidy prediction compared with MAGENTA or embryo morphology alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147460956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenomyosis is associated with proliferative endometrial disorders.","authors":"Francesco La Torre, Yannick Hurni, Elisa Farsi, Carlotta Campatelli, Eleonora Nardi, Silvia Vannuccini, Flavia Sorbi, Massimiliano Fambrini, Francesca Castiglione, Felice Petraglia","doi":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xfss.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of proliferative endometrial disorders in women with histologically confirmed adenomyosis and to evaluate the independent association between adenomyosis and each lesion type.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study SUBJECTS: Consecutive patients undergoing hysterectomy between January 2021 and August 2024, excluding those with histologically confirmed gynecological malignancies (n = 734).</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>None. Histological and clinical records were reviewed to identify adenomyosis and coexisting endometrial disorders.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Primary outcome was the prevalence of endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with histologically confirmed adenomyosis. Secondary outcome included the independent association between adenomyosis and each endometrial disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adenomyosis was identified in 34.7% (255/734) of cases. Proliferative endometrial disorders were more prevalent among patients with adenomyosis (37.6% vs. 25.1%). In multivariable analysis, adenomyosis was independently associated with these conditions overall (aOR 1.87, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.65), including endometrial polyps (aOR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.79), endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (aOR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.21), and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (aOR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.66). After adjustment for established clinical risk factors for endometrial cancer (obesity, menopause, nulliparity and abnormal uterine bleeding), adenomyosis remained in the predictive model for EIN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study identified an independent histopathological association between adenomyosis and proliferative endometrial disorders, including endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, the lesion with the highest malignant potential. When coexisting with other risk factors, adenomyosis may contribute to a risk profile warranting targeted endometrial assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73012,"journal":{"name":"F&S science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}