European burn journal最新文献

{"title":"The Potential Use of Fibrin Sealants in Burn Wound Management: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies.","authors":"Christina Nikolaou, Maximos Frountzas, Emmanouil I Kapetanakis, Dimitrios Stefanoudakis, Nikolaos A Papadopulos, Stylianos Kykalos, Dimitrios Schizas, Dimitrios Iliopoulos","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020032","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibrin sealants have been implemented in the management of burn wounds. They can be used either in combination with skin grafts for full-thickness burns or alone for treating superficial and deep dermal burns. The aim of this review was to provide critical insights regarding the efficacy of fibrin sealants in enhancing wound healing, improving graft adherence, and reducing complications. Therefore, evidence from experimental models and clinical trials was synthesized, underscoring the transformative role of fibrin sealants in modern burn care. This comprehensive review includes recent evidence on the potential benefits of fibrin sealants in the management of superficial and deep dermal or full-thickness burn injuries. Clinical and experimental evidence underscores some benefits in utilizing fibrin sealants in the management of superficial and deep dermal burn injuries, or in combination with skin grafts in full-thickness burns. Furthermore, fibrin sealants diminish postoperative pain and facilitate quick recovery for daily activities; however, controversy regarding their cost still remains. This review concludes that fibrin sealants could serve as a safe and effective therapeutic option for burn wound management. The safety and efficacy of their utilization, along with their wide availability and easiness to use, could make them an alternative treatment choice when a specialized plastic surgery service is not available, or in the emergency setting across different healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory-Generated Autologous Skin Substitutes for Burn Treatment in Europe: Narrative Review, Experts' Opinion, and Legal Considerations.","authors":"Celine Auxenfans, Rocio G Valencia, Philippe Abdel-Sayed, Miguel Alaminos, Jean-François Brunet, Fernando Campos, Jesus Chato-Astrain, Gloria Carmona, Anthony de Buys Roessingh, Stephanie Droz-Georget, Melinda Farkas, Ana Fernandez Gonzalez, Enikö Gönczi, Fredrik Huss, Bernd Hartmann, Barbara Heusi, Alexandra Karström, Naiem Moiemen, Giulia Sartoris, Antje Spranger, Marina Trouillas, Claudia Rosas, Jyrki Vuola, Vivienne Woodtli, Clemens Schiestl, Sophie Böttcher","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020030","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autologous skin substitutes represent a promising advancement in the treatment of burn injuries, offering personalized solutions for patients with extensive skin loss. This white paper synthesizes the current knowledge on laboratory-generated autologous skin substitutes in Europe, incorporating expert opinions and legal considerations. The white paper examines the scientific principles underlying autologous skin substitute development, including cell sourcing, bioengineering techniques, and clinical applications. The regulatory framework governing the production and use of these advanced therapies in Europe is also examined, highlighting challenges in standardization, safety, and approval pathways. The text features expert insights that offer a real-world perspective on the clinical viability and translational hurdles of autologous skin substitutes. The findings highlight the potential of autologous skin substitutes to improve burn treatment outcomes while emphasizing the need for harmonized regulations to facilitate clinical implementation. Despite technological advancements, significant challenges persist, including production costs, scalability, and long-term efficacy. Another focus of this white paper are the legal changes, which have significantly impacted the production and availability of these technologies. The review concludes that while autologous skin substitutes hold great promise, further research, regulatory refinement, and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to optimize their integration into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmetic Outcomes of the First Bodybuilder Using a Low-Cost Modified Culture Technique for Burn Wound Coverage: A Case Report and Long-Term Follow-Up.","authors":"Wayne George Kleintjes, Tarryn Kay Prinsloo","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020029","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cultured epidermal autografts (CEAs) serve as an alternative permanent skin replacement, though high costs often limit their use in resource-constrained settings and to life-saving cases. This case report presents the first documented cosmetic application of a modified CEA technique in a bodybuilder, demonstrating favorable aesthetic outcomes. A 28-year-old Black male with a 20% total body surface area burn sustained in a domestic fire exhibited superficial and deep partial-thickness burns to the face, arms, torso, and feet. Refusing grafts from visible donor sites, treatment using a low-cost modified CEA approach was employed to minimize donor site morbidity. Keratinocytes harvested from a groin biopsy were cultured on Cutimed Sorbact^® (Essity AB, BSN Medical (Pty) Ltd., Pinetown, RSA) dressings with autogenous plasma and hydrogel supplementation and incubated at 37 °C for two weeks. Xenografts provided temporary coverage before CEA transplantation. Graft take was 85%, with minor (15%) loss at 21 days, requiring small autograft coverage. At two months, the Vancouver Scar Scale score was 4, indicating optimal pigmentation, smoother texture, and minimal scarring. These findings align with limited studies on CEAs for cosmetic applications, suggesting this cost-effective technique may broaden the scope of CEAs beyond life-saving interventions to include aesthetic reconstruction, reducing both donor site morbidity and scarring.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explosion-Related Polytrauma from Illicit Pyrotechnics: Two Case Reports and a Public Health Perspective.","authors":"Maria Fueth, Simon Bausen, Sonja Verena Schmidt, Felix Reinkemeier, Marius Drysch, Yonca Steubing, Jannik Hinzmann, Marcus Lehnhardt, Elisabete Macedo Santos, Christoph Wallner","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020031","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firework-related injuries remain a serious public health issue in Germany, especially during New Year's Eve. While many injuries are minor, the misuse of illegal or homemade fireworks can cause severe trauma resembling military combat injuries and can heavily burden emergency services. Notably, injury rates declined during the COVID-19 firework bans, underscoring the impact of preventive measures. We report two cases of young males with severe injuries from illicit fireworks. The first is a case of a 16-year-old that detonated an illegal Polish firework ball bomb, sustaining 9% total body surface area (TBSA) burns (second- to third-degree), hand fractures, compartment syndrome of the hand, and soft-tissue trauma. He underwent multiple surgeries, including fasciotomy, osteosynthesis, and skin grafting. The other case presented is a 19-year-old man who was injured by a homemade device made of bundled firecrackers, suffering deep facial and bilateral hand burns. He required prolonged ventilation, surgical debridement, and treatment with Kerecis^® fish skin and Epicite^® dressings. Both required intensive ICU care, interdisciplinary management, and lengthy rehabilitation. Total hospital costs amounted to €58,459.52 and €94,230.23, respectively, as calculated according to the standardized German DRG. These cases illustrate the devastating impact of illegal fireworks. The devastating consequences of explosive trauma are often difficult to treat and may lead to long-term functional and psychological impairments. Prevention through public education, stricter regulations, and preparedness is essential. Pandemic-era injury reductions support sustained policy efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Data to Decisions: Leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation to Balance Citation Bias in Burn Management Literature.","authors":"Ariana Genovese, Srinivasagam Prabha, Sahar Borna, Cesar A Gomez-Cabello, Syed Ali Haider, Maissa Trabilsy, Cui Tao, Antonio Jorge Forte","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020028","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Burn injuries demand multidisciplinary, evidence-based care, yet the extensive literature complicates timely decision making. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) synthesizes research while addressing inaccuracies in pretrained models. However, citation bias in sourcing for RAG often prioritizes highly cited studies, overlooking less-cited but valuable research. This study examines RAG's performance in burn management, comparing citation levels to enhance evidence synthesis, reduce selection bias, and guide decisions. (2) Two burn management datasets were assembled: 30 highly cited (mean: 303) and 30 less-cited (mean: 21). The Gemini-1.0-Pro-002 RAG model addressed 30 questions, ranging from foundational principles to advanced surgical approaches. Responses were evaluated for accuracy (5-point scale), readability (Flesch-Kincaid metrics), and response time with Wilcoxon rank sum tests (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (3) RAG achieved comparable accuracy (4.6 vs. 4.2, <i>p</i> = 0.49), readability (Flesch Reading Ease: 42.8 vs. 46.5, <i>p</i> = 0.26; Grade Level: 9.9 vs. 9.5, <i>p</i> = 0.29), and response time (2.8 vs. 2.5 s, <i>p</i> = 0.39) for the highly and less-cited datasets. (4) Less-cited research performed similarly to highly cited sources. This equivalence broadens clinicians' access to novel, diverse insights without sacrificing quality. As plastic surgery evolves, RAG's inclusive approach fosters innovation, improves patient care, and reduces cognitive burden by integrating underutilized studies. Embracing RAG could propel the field toward dynamic, forward-thinking care.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Face and Neck Burns on Respiratory Complications and Mortality.","authors":"Rares-Adrian Giurgiu, Eliza-Maria Bordeanu-Diaconescu, Andreea Grosu-Bularda, Adrian Frunza, Sabina Grama, Raducu-Andrei Costache, Carina-Ioana Cristescu, Tiberiu-Paul Neagu, Ioan Lascar, Cristian-Sorin Hariga","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020027","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Face and neck burns present significant clinical challenges due to their proximity to the airway, predisposing patients to inhalation injuries and subsequent respiratory complications. In our cohort of 206 patients, facial and neck burns were associated with a markedly higher incidence of inhalation injury (34.8% vs. 2.8%), necessitating more frequent endotracheal intubation (51.9% vs. 14.1%). Furthermore, respiratory infections were significantly more common in patients with facial and neck burns (26.7% vs. 7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with respiratory secretion cultures revealing a predominance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (39.58%), Acinetobacter baumanii (18.75%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.25%). In contrast, patients without facial and neck burns primarily exhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50%) in their cultures. These complications translated into a significantly increased mortality rate in patients with facial and neck burns (31.1% vs. 12.7%), with a reduced mean survival period (66.7 days vs. 84.3 days) and a 2.8-fold increase in the hazard of mortality. Additionally, older age emerged as a significant determinant for the development of respiratory infections. Multivariable model regression analysis revealed that only TBSA remained a consistent and independent predictor for adverse respiratory outcomes and increased mortality, while face and neck burns are more causally associated with TBSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wound and Short-Term Scar Outcomes of Meek Micrografting Versus Mesh Grafting: An Intra-Patient Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Danielle Rijpma, Karel Claes, Anouk Pijpe, Henk Hoeksema, Ignace De Decker, Jozef Verbelen, Matthea Stoop, Kimberly De Mey, Febe Hoste, Paul van Zuijlen, Stan Monstrey, Annebeth Meij-de Vries","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020026","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesh grafting and Meek micrografting are split-thickness skin graft expansion techniques. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Meek and Mesh expansion ratios 1:2 and 1:3 in smaller wounds. An intra-patient randomized controlled trial was conducted at two burn centers (the Netherlands and Belgium). Wound outcomes, e.g., take rate, re-epithelialization rate, and donor site size, were measured. At 3 months post-surgery, patient preference and scar quality were evaluated with the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), cutometer and dermaspectrometer. Seventy patients with a TBSA of 10 ± 10% (mean ± SD) were included. The take rate was 79 ± 25% vs. 87 ± 19% (<i>p</i> = 0.003), Meek vs. Mesh, respectively. At follow-up, a majority of observer and patient POSAS items were statistically significantly lower, corresponding with better scar quality for Mesh grafting compared to Meek micrografting. The scar elasticity was 0.37 ± 0.20 vs. 0.42 ± 0.21 (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and mean melanin 13.3 ± 8.3 vs. 12.1 ± 7.7 (<i>p</i> = 0.019) for Meek vs. Mesh, respectively, and the patient preference was 32%, 49%, and 19% for Meek, Mesh, and no preference. Other outcomes showed no statistically significant difference. In patients with smaller wounds, Mesh showed superiority on most wound and short-term scar results. Nevertheless, patient preference within the 1:3 expansion ratio group and donor site size were in favor of Meek.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dispositional Mindfulness and Mindfulness-Based Interventions on the Psychosocial Consequences of Burn Injuries: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Luca Simione","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020025","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burn injuries lead to significant physical and psychological consequences, including chronic pain, post-traumatic stress, depression, and social isolation. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been proposed as a holistic approach to address these challenges in burn rehabilitation. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of dispositional mindfulness and MBIs, including mindfulness meditation, yoga, and self-compassion training, in managing pain, emotional distress, and psychosocial adaptation in burn survivors. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through MEDLINE and Web of Science, covering studies up to February 2025, with additional papers retrieved from Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar. Studies were included if they reported quantitative data on the effects of MBIs in burn patients and/or their families, excluding opinion pieces, editorials, reviews, and qualitative studies. After screening 91 studies retrieved from the databases and adding a compelling paper retrieved from the other sources explored, 12 studies were included in the final pool, categorized into cross-sectional studies (<i>n</i> = 6), and intervention studies (<i>n</i> = 6). The extracted data included publication year, research design, sample characteristics, intervention details, main findings, and data for quality assessment. The synthesis of the results suggests that mindfulness is associated with reduced psychological symptoms, improved emotional regulation, and enhanced self-compassion, leading to better coping strategies and social reintegration. However, the long-term efficacy of MBIs remains inconclusive, and further research is needed to differentiate mindfulness-specific effects from those of general physical exercise. Evidence also suggests that mindfulness interventions may reduce anxiety and secondary trauma in children with burns and their caregivers. This review highlights the potential of MBIs as adjuncts to conventional burn rehabilitation programs, but further high-quality trials are needed to establish their sustained efficacy and to understand the specific benefits of mindfulness.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile: Historical Overview and Future Directions.","authors":"Colleen M Ryan, Jeffrey C Schneider, Pengsheng Ni, Mary D Slavin, Amy Acton, Ananya Vasudevan, Allan Sosa-Ebert, Lewis E Kazis","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020023","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile was developed to assess long-term social participation outcomes for adult burn survivors. Traditional clinical burn recovery outcomes focus on early physical complications and psychosocial issues, but there is a growing need for quantitative measures of long-term recovery that assess experiences deemed relevant to burn survivors. The LIBRE Profile, co-produced with input from burn survivors and clinicians and grounded in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF) conceptual framework, addresses the measurement gap by focusing on six domains of social participation: social interactions, social activities, family and friends, work and employment, romantic relationships, and sexual relationships. The LIBRE Profile uses Item Response Theory (IRT) and computer adaptive tests (CAT) to minimize respondent burden while maintaining accuracy. Psychometric evaluations have validated the LIBRE Profile as a reliable and clinically useful tool that can help clinicians and burn survivors monitor recovery and inform personalized care. Future work includes LIBRE Profile development for pediatric populations, further international language translations, and the development of an APP for broader personal and clinical use. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the LIBRE Profile's development, psychometric foundations, and future directions, advocating for its adoption in clinical practice and burn survivor communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reconstruction of Various Complex Full-Thickness Skin Defects with a Biodegradable Temporising Matrix: A Case Series.","authors":"Julie van Durme, Thibaut Dhont, Ignace De Decker, Michiel Van Waeyenberghe, Kimberly De Mey, Henk Hoeksema, Jozef Verbelen, Petra De Coninck, Nathalie A Roche, Phillip Blondeel, Stan Monstrey, Karel E Y Claes","doi":"10.3390/ebj6020024","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ebj6020024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Traditionally, full-thickness skin defects (FTSDs) are covered with split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs). This usually provides an epidermal coverage but entails a high risk of hypertrophic scarring mainly due to the absence of the dermal layer. The Novosorb^® Biodegradable Temporising Matrix (BTM) is a novel synthetic dermal substitute that has been used for the reconstruction of various complex and/or large defects in our center. The aim of this article is to evaluate the clinical performance of the BTM as a synthetic dermal substitute for complex FTSD reconstruction in a European context.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This case series focused on the treatment of complex FTSDs with the BTM. After wound debridement, the BTM was applied according to a defined protocol. Once adequate vascularization was observed, the sealing membrane was removed and the neo-dermis was covered with STSGs. Patient demographics, comorbidities, wound defect localization and etiology, wound bed preparations, time of BTM application and removal, time to complete wound healing after STSG, complications, and HTS formation were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BTM was used to treat FTSDs in six patients with complex wounds from degloving (3), burns (1), ulcerations (1), and necrotizing fasciitis (1). Successful integration occurred in five cases (83%), with one partial integration. The BTM remained in situ for an average of 20.7 days before delamination and STSG coverage. No major complications occurred, though one case had hypergranulation with secondary STSG infection. Two patients were lost to follow-up, while the remaining four had excellent aesthetic and functional outcomes with good-quality scars.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limits of this small and heterogeneous case series, the BTM appears to be a promising option for the reconstruction of complex FTSDs of varying etiologies. Its successful integration in most cases and limited complication rate support its clinical potential. However, given this study's retrospective design and limited sample size, further prospective studies are required to validate these findings and assess long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72961,"journal":{"name":"European burn journal","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}