Ethique & sante最新文献

{"title":"Est-ce qu’il souffre ? Enjeux éthiques de l’introduction d’un dispositif d’hétéroévaluation du confort en fin de vie","authors":"C. Prod’homme","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Éviter à un patient en fin de vie toute souffrance est un objectif central dans la démarche palliative qui engage les soignants au quotidien au chevet des patients et de leurs proches. Néanmoins, un tel objectif se confronte à de nombreuses limites, liées à la fois à la définition même de la souffrance, à la difficulté d’évaluer la souffrance de l’autre, et enfin aux solutions de prise en charge envisageables. Pour essayer d’en déplier quelques aspects, nous abordons les enjeux de l’évaluation de la souffrance en soins palliatifs, à travers l’autoévaluation, l’hétéroévaluation et les mesures physiologiques. Nous présentons un outil technique construit à des fins de monitoring de la douleur dans le cadre de l’anesthésie réanimation. Les questions éthiques que soulève l’extension de son usage au sein de la clinique des soins palliatifs se rapportent aussi bien à sa validation, qu’à ce que donne à voir ou non l’outil, et à la question de la fixation de son seuil. Il s’agit de repenser la place laissée à la technique dans le travail du <em>care</em> en soin palliatifs et à la manière dont on construit avec elle l’accompagnement. Nous ouvrirons des perspectives en esquissant la place que peut prendre la recherche en soins palliatifs pour explorer ces enjeux.</p></div><div><p>Avoiding suffering for patients at the end-of-life is a central objective of the palliative care, which engages caregivers on a daily basis at the bedside of patients and their families. However, there are many limits to this objective, linked to the definition of suffering, to the difficulty of assessing the suffering of others, and finally to the solutions available for its management. In an attempt to unravel some of these issues, we address the challenges of assessing suffering in palliative care, through self-evaluation, hetero-evaluation and physiological measurements. We present a technical tool designed for pain monitoring in intensive care anesthesia. The ethical issues raised by the extension of its use to the palliative care relate to its validation, to what the tool does or does not show, and to the question of setting its threshold. It is a question of rethinking the place left to technique in the work of <em>care</em> in palliative care, and the way in which we construct support with it. We will open up perspectives by outlining the role that palliative care research can play in exploring these issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enjeux éthiques liés à la prise en charge médicamenteuse de la dysfonction érectile chez les patients détenus","authors":"T. de Bonneval ,&nbsp;A. Lagarrigue","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In France, one man out of five suffers from erectile dysfunction. Yet it is still a taboo subject, because erectile dysfunction undermines the symbol of virility in our phallocentric society. In the collective imagination, erectile dysfunction is commonly associated with impotence and weakness.This pathology seems even more taboo in prison environment. Perhaps because it's a closed environment governed by the law of the strongest.The fact remains, however, that this dysfunction can lead to profound somatic and/or psychological uneasiness, so that therapeutic treatment appears legitimate or necessary. However this legitimacy is limited by the patient's status as a prisoner.This work has neither the vocation nor the pretention to provide specialized content on any particular discipline. On the contrary, it promotes a multidisciplinary approach based on philosophy, medicine, history and law. The main aim of this article is therefore to lay the foundations for an ethical reflection on the therapeutic management of convicts suffering from erectile dysfunction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Éthique et intégrité dans la production scientifique: une analyse approfondie de l’autoplagiat","authors":"C.G. Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cet article entreprend une analyse méticuleuse du phénomène de l’autoplagiat dans le contexte universitaire, intégrant une investigation étymologique et abordant le sujet à travers une approche systémique qui prend en compte des normes éthiques, des pratiques académiques et des considérations juridiques. En utilisant une méthodologie qualitative, l’étude implique une analyse documentaire rigoureuse ainsi qu’une revue bibliographique, distinguant essentiellement l’autoplagiat du plagiat. De plus, il explore plusieurs facettes de l’autoplagiat, y compris la publication en double, la publication redondante et le « <em>saucissonnage</em> » (<em>salami-slicing</em>), et évalue les points de vue d’experts concernant l’intersection de l’autoplagiat avec les droits d’auteur. Adoptant une approche analytique rigoureuse, l’étude examine également l’autoplagiat au sein de l’écosystème plus large des pratiques de recherche et de publication, soulignant l’importance de reconnaître que l’autoplagiat peut être symptomatique de la pression du « <em>publier ou périr</em> ». Grâce à cette approche intégrée, l’article met l’accent sur la primauté de l’intégrité intellectuelle et la nécessité de traiter la question de l’autoplagiat avec une responsabilité éthique. Dans l’ensemble, l’étude contribue à une compréhension plus complète de l’autoplagiat, de ses caractéristiques distinctives par rapport au plagiat, et de ses implications pour l’intégrité académique et les droits d’auteur.</p></div><div><p>This article undertakes a meticulous analysis of the phenomenon of self-plagiarism in the academic context, incorporating an etymological investigation and addressing the subject through a systemic approach that takes into account ethical standards, academic practices, and legal considerations. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, the study involves a rigorous documentary analysis as well as a literature review, essentially distinguishing self-plagiarism from plagiarism. Furthermore, it explores various facets of self-plagiarism, including duplicate publication, redundant publication, and “<em>salami-slicing</em>”, and assesses expert viewpoints regarding the intersection of self-plagiarism with copyright. Adopting a rigorous analytical approach, the study also examines self-plagiarism within the broader ecosystem of research and publication practices, highlighting the importance of recognizing that self-plagiarism can be symptomatic of the “<em>publish or perish</em>” pressure. Through this integrated approach, the article emphasizes the primacy of intellectual integrity and the necessity to address the issue of self-plagiarism with ethical responsibility. Overall, the study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of self-plagiarism, its distinctive features compared to plagiarism, and its implications for academic integrity and copyright.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1765462923000995/pdfft?md5=eabe75895dacd99c78f4cc30240c2a72&pid=1-s2.0-S1765462923000995-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139966575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Alain de Broca","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Page 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139685638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De humani corporis fabrica","authors":"C. Draperi","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Page 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139877356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Alain de Broca","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 170-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141090204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sommaire","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1765-4629(23)00114-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1765-4629(23)00114-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"20 4","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1765462923001149/pdfft?md5=4b986c3f1a53d3430c7e064c5599d6f7&pid=1-s2.0-S1765462923001149-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La reconnaissance au cœur du soin","authors":"C. Draperi","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 215-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annonce diagnostique aux urgences : perception des patients","authors":"W. Abdelghaffar ,&nbsp;K. Anane ,&nbsp;W. Bahria ,&nbsp;N. Haloui ,&nbsp;M. Ben Othmen ,&nbsp;R. Rafrafi ,&nbsp;N. Nouira","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Aux urgences, le médecin et le patient se rencontrent pour la première fois sans relation préalable. Le médecin doit répondre au droit du patient à avoir une information de qualité. En Tunisie, peu d’études se sont intéressées à la relation soignant-soigné. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer la qualité de l’annonce diagnostique aux urgences du point de vue des patients.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Une étude descriptive, transversale a été menée au service des urgences de l’hôpital Mongi Slim, La Marsa. L’enquête s’est déroulée auprès d’un échantillon pris au hasard de patients. Les données ont été recueillies du mois de décembre 2020 jusqu’au mois de mars 2021 à l’aide d’un questionnaire élaboré par les auteurs, basé sur la littérature et un pré-test.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Pour cette étude, 121 participants ont été choisis au hasard. Le taux de satisfaction de la communication était de 42,1 % et celui de la prise en charge était de 44,6 %. Ces deux variables étaient statistiquement liées (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0,001). La satisfaction de la communication était associée à l’empathie perçue du médecin, au fait que le médecin se présente, à la durée de l’annonce suffisante, au discours facile, au délai d’attente court, à la disponibilité du matériel, ainsi qu’au fait d’avoir bénéficié d’examens complémentaires et soins.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>La satisfaction des patients de la prise en charge était liée à la satisfaction de la communication. Cela invite les soignants à une prise de conscience de l’importance de la communication dans la relation soignant-soigné. Par ailleurs, la formation médicale devrait promouvoir l’apprentissage des compétences en communication.</p></div><div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the emergency department, the physician and the patient have their first encounter without any prior relationship. The doctor must respect the patient's right to have high quality, clear and fair information. In Tunisia, few studies have focused on communication and the relationship between the physician and the patients. The objective of our study was to evaluate the quality of the delivery of the diagnosis in the emergency department from the patients’ and physicians’ perspectives.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We realized a descriptive, transversal, mono-centric study in the emergency department of the Mongi Slim hospital, La Marsa. The survey was conducted among a random sample of patients who were consulting the service. The data were collected from December 2020 to March 2021 using a questionnaire developed by authors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We collected 121 randomly selected participants. The satisfaction rate with communication was 42.1%. The rate of satisfaction with medical care was 44.6%. The satisfaction by communication and satisfaction by medical care were statistically associated (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0,001). Satisfaction with communicatio","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consultations d’éthique clinique : quels apports pour la pratique des soins primaires ?","authors":"A. Labrunie ,&nbsp;L. Wittke ,&nbsp;G. Durand","doi":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etiqe.2023.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Dans certains hôpitaux français, des personnes soignantes et non soignantes, membres de consultations d’éthiques cliniques, rencontrent des patients, des proches et des professionnels de santé confrontés à des dilemmes éthiques. Par leurs regards citoyens et l’utilisation des principes communs de l’éthique, ils apportent une réponse singulière éclairant ces situations difficiles. Les soignants de premiers recours pourraient-ils bénéficier de dispositifs similaires ? L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer les apports d’une consultation d’éthique clinique en soins primaires.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Une étude qualitative par entretiens semi-dirigés a été réalisée entre mai et juin 2022 auprès de professionnels de santé d’une maison de santé pluriprofessionnelle du Loiret.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Treize professionnels de huit professions différentes ont été entendus. Ils expriment des difficultés lors de tensions entre le respect de l’autonomie et la bienfaisance, particulièrement si l’évaluation de l’autonomie est difficile, comme dans les troubles psychiatriques. Le travail en équipe coordonnée au sein de leur structure est un atout pour gérer ces situations, notamment par le partage de valeurs communes et l’inclusion des usagers. Ils sont favorables au développement d’une consultation d’éthique clinique de proximité s’intégrant à leur pratique actuelle qui permet le développement d’un langage commun.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Les professionnels de soins primaires sont confrontés à des dilemmes éthiques non identifiés et pouvant les mettre en difficulté. Les consultations d’éthique clinique constituent un outil citoyen d’ouverture et de réflexion pour mieux appréhender ces situations. L’émergence d’une activité collective coordonnée sur les territoires renforce le développement d’une culture d’éthique clinique en soins primaires.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In some French hospitals, caregivers and non-caregivers, members of clinical ethic consultations, meet patients, relatives and health workers confronted with ethical dilemmas. By their citizens’ eyes and the use of common ethical principles, they bring a singular answer enlightening those difficult situations. Could first resort caregivers benefit from a similar device? The aim of this study is to explore the contributions of clinical ethic consultations on primary care practice.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A qualitative study using semi-directive interviews has been conducted between May and June 2022 with health workers from a pluri-professional consultation center in Loiret.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen professionals from eight different professions had been interviewed. They express difficulties when then feel tensions between respect of autonomy and well-doing, especially when the autonomy's assessment is complicated, as in the case of psychiatric diseases. Teamwork within their institution is an asset t","PeriodicalId":72955,"journal":{"name":"Ethique & sante","volume":"20 4","pages":"Pages 260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}