Environmental science. Advances最新文献

{"title":"Hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL)-based magnetic adsorbents: the way forward to remediate water pollution","authors":"Divya Yadav, Karmjeet Nain, Divya Dhillayan, Rishi Mittal, Shafila Bansal and Santosh Bhukal","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00269A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00269A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this investigation, bare and hydrophobic IL-modified FeO nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized using microwave irradiation. Multiple characterization techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, and FESEM, were utilized to analyze the properties of the synthesized NPs. The primary objective was to examine the efficacy of NPs as adsorbents for removing dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. To evaluate the factors affecting the adsorption efficiency of the NPs, various variables including dye concentration, pH of the reaction medium, nanoparticle dosage, and reaction time were studied using the batch experiment method. The study demonstrated that the IL-modified NPs were more effective in removing CV and Cr(<small>VI</small>) dyes than unmodified NPs. Various adsorption isotherm intra-particle diffusion models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin, were elaborated to obtain insight into the adsorption behavior of the NPs. This study effectively synthesized bare and IL-modified NPs using a microwave irradiation method. The modified NPs showed promising potential as adsorbents for efficiently removing CV dye and Cr(<small>VI</small>) from aqueous solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00269a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139555841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of extracellular polymeric substances in selenite and tellurite reduction by waste activated and anaerobic sludge†","authors":"Sudeshna Saikia, Kannan Pakshirajan and Piet N. L. Lens","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00298E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00298E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigated the role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) extracted from waste activated sludge (WAS) and anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) on the reduction of selenite and tellurite. The tightly bound fraction of EPS (TB-EPS) from AGS gave the highest (&gt;95%) removal efficiency of selenite and tellurite. The EPS reduced these oxyanions to their elemental forms as either selenium (Se) or tellurium (Te) nanoparticles (NPs) in mono metalloid incubations as well as conjugated (Se–Te) NPs for bi-metalloid incubations. The NPs were treated with two detergents and two enzymes to remove portions of the EPS coating of the NPs. The capping material was quantified along with the measurement of parameters such as size, surface charge and polydispersity. The smaller size (24.7–123 nm) and higher negative zeta-potential (−33.5 mV) of Se–Te NPs in conjugated form indicates more structural integrity compared to the Se and Te NPs in their individual form. The intermolecular interactions of proteins and extracellular DNA (eDNA) provided enhanced colloidal stability. This work revealed the previously unexplored roles of EPS in selenite and tellurite reduction and the features of the respective NPs in individual and conjugated form.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00298e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling crystallisation and dissolution of biogenic CaCO3via dissolved magnesium cations†","authors":"Toby Morton-Collings, Minjun Yang and Richard G. Compton","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00362K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00362K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The surface of our oceans is teeming with single-cellular ‘plant’ organisms that biomineralise CaCO<small>₃</small> (coccoliths). Globally, an estimate of over 10<small>¹⁵</small> g of atmospheric CO<small>₂</small> per annum is sequestered in the top layers of our ocean. Information of this process is crucial to modelling climate change and achieving net carbon neutrality not least because this rate of CO<small>₂</small> sequestration is comparable to the rate of anthropogenic release of CO<small>₂</small>. While the dissolution kinetics of pure calcite (Icelandic Spar, Carrea marble and synthetically grown) have been well-studied in the past decades it remains unclear if biogenic CaCO<small>₃</small> behaves differently, or not, to pure calcite in the marine environment. In this work, we utilise a light microscopy setup to study and compare the precipitation and dissolution of biogenic CaCO<small>₃</small> in both the absence and presence of Mg<small>²⁺</small>, a known inhibitor, at concentrations similar to seawater. Notably, the time required for a micron-sized calcite particle to dissolve is doubled by approximately doubling the concentration of Mg<small>²⁺</small> from 54.6 mM to 100 mM. The work produces two new, key insights. First, there is negligible difference between the rate of mass loss of biogenic and pure, laboratory grown CaCO<small>₃</small> particles when placed in solutions supersaturated and undersaturated with respect to calcite. Second, the mass of the <em>individual</em> micron-sized biogenic coccoliths, ranging from 100–600 picograms, was inferred <em>via</em> image analysis of data from the complete dissolution of coccoliths in aqueous solutions containing seawater levels of Mg<small>²⁺</small>. This relatively simple light-based approach, allowing the mass of biogenic CaCO<small>₃</small> platelets to be estimated at the single-entity level, shows promise for the development of a proof-of-concept sensor allowing CaCO<small>₃</small> sequestration to be monitored real-time in our oceans.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00362k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139507838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving the effect of roadside vegetation barriers as a near-road air pollution mitigation strategy†","authors":"Khaled Hashad, Jonathan T. Steffens, Richard W. Baldauf, David K. Heist, Parikshit Deshmukh and K. Max Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00220A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00220A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Communities located in near-road environments experience elevated levels of traffic-related air pollution. Near-road air pollution is a major public health concern, and an environmental justice issue. Roadside green infrastructure such as trees, hedges, and bushes may help reduce pollution levels through enhanced deposition and mixing. Gaussian-based dispersion models are widely used by policymakers to evaluate mitigation strategies and develop regulatory actions. However, vegetation barriers are not included in those models, hindering air quality improvement at the community level. The main modeling challenge is the complexity of the deposition and mixing process within and downwind of the vegetation barrier. We propose a novel multi-regime Gaussian-based model that describes the parameters of the standard Gaussian equations in each regime to account for the physical mechanisms by which the vegetation barrier deposits and disperses pollutants. The four regimes include vegetation, a downwind wake, a transition, and a recovery zone. For each regime, we fit the relevant Gaussian plume equation parameters as a function of the vegetation properties and the local wind speed. Furthermore, the model captures particle deposition, a major factor in pollutant reduction by vegetation barriers. We parameterized the multi-regime model using data generated from a fields-validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, covering a wide range of vegetation properties and meteorological conditions. The proposed multi-regime Gaussian-based model was evaluated across 9 particle sizes and a tracer gas to assess its capability of capturing dispersion and deposition. The multi-regime model's normalized mean error (NME) ranged between 0.18 and 0.3, the fractional bias (FB) ranged between −0.12 and 0.09, and <em>R</em><small>²</small> value ranged from 0.47 to 0.75 across all particle sizes and the tracer gas for ground level concentrations, which are within acceptable ranges for air quality dispersion modeling. Even though the multi-regime model is parameterized for coniferous trees, our sensitivity study indicates that it can provide useful predictions for hedges/bushes vegetative barriers as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00220a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139497498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving the effect of roadside vegetation barriers as a near-road air pollution mitigation strategy.","authors":"Khaled Hashad, Jonathan T Steffens, Richard W Baldauf, David K Heist, Parikshit Deshmukh, K Max Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Communities located in near-road environments experience elevated levels of traffic-related air pollution. Near-road air pollution is a major public health concern, and an environmental justice issue. Roadside green infrastructure such as trees, hedges, and bushes may help reduce pollution levels through enhanced deposition and mixing. Gaussian-based dispersion models are widely used by policymakers to evaluate mitigation strategies and develop regulatory actions. However, vegetation barriers are not included in those models, hindering air quality improvement at the community level. The main modeling challenge is the complexity of the deposition and mixing process within and downwind of the vegetation barrier. We propose a novel multi-regime Gaussian-based model that describes the parameters of the standard Gaussian equations in each regime to account for the physical mechanisms by which the vegetation barrier deposits and disperses pollutants. The four regimes include vegetation, a downwind wake, a transition, and a recovery zone. For each regime, we fit the relevant Gaussian plume equation parameters as a function of the vegetation properties and the local wind speed. Furthermore, the model captures particle deposition, a major factor in pollutant reduction by vegetation barriers. We parameterized the multi-regime model using data generated from a fields-validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, covering a wide range of vegetation properties and meteorological conditions. The proposed multi-regime Gaussian-based model was evaluated across 9 particle sizes and a tracer gas to assess its capability of capturing dispersion and deposition. The multi-regime model's normalized mean error (NME) ranged between 0.18 and 0.3, the fractional bias (FB) ranged between -0.12 and 0.09, and <i>R</i> ² value ranged from 0.47 to 0.75 across all particle sizes and the tracer gas for ground level concentrations, which are within acceptable ranges for air quality dispersion modeling. Even though the multi-regime model is parameterized for coniferous trees, our sensitivity study indicates that it can provide useful predictions for hedges/bushes vegetative barriers as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-class machine learning classification of PFAS in environmental water samples: a blinded test of performance on unknowns†","authors":"Tohren C. G. Kibbey, Denis M. O'Carroll, Andrew Safulko and Greg Coyle","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00266G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00266G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The ability to identify the origin of detected PFAS in environmental samples is of great interest. This work used a blinded test to explore the ability of a recently-developed multiclass classification approach to classify unknown PFAS water samples based on composition. The approach was adapted from previous work to identify similarities between the patterns of unknown samples and classes defined by the compositions of samples from more than one hundred different PFAS data sources, in addition to making an overall assessment of whether PFAS is likely of AFFF or non-AFFF origin. Methods permitting the use of data with different subsets of analyzed PFAS components allowed for the use of a training dataset of more than 13 000 samples from a highly diverse range of sites. For this work, researchers at Brown and Caldwell (BC) provided a set of 252 unknown samples to researchers at The University of Oklahoma (OU) and The University of New South Wales (UNSW) for classification. Unknown samples were provided by clients of BC, and also included a number of artificial sample compositions created to test the ability of a rejection method to identify samples too unlike the training dataset for accurate classification. Unknown samples were de-identified and placed in random order prior to being sent to OU and UNSW researchers. Only after classification results had been sent by OU and UNSW researchers to BC researchers did BC provide the actual sample descriptions to OU and UNSW. Results showed extremely strong performance of the method, both in terms of its ability to identify similarities between unknown samples and samples of known origin, and its ability to make more subtle distinctions between sample origin, such as, for example, recognizing unknown samples from an airport wastewater collection system as being compositionally similar to known samples in another airport wastewater collection system. A rejection algorithm was tested and found to be able to identify artificial sample compositions as different from those in the training dataset, a critical feature of a practical supervised machine learning application, necessary to avoid misclassification of unknown samples that are unlike those in the training dataset.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00266g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139483446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantial damage to surface water in the context of environmental crimes","authors":"Anabela Rebelo, Andreia Franco, Felisbina Quadrado, Vanda Reis, Sofia Batista, Ana Isabel Garcia, Rodrigo Ferreira, António Quintas and Albertina M. Marques","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00381G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00381G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Water resources are very important for maintaining an adequate food supply and a productive environment for all living organisms. However, illicit activities can pose a severe threat to water quality and subsequently its uses through pollution with heavy metals, petroleum-derived oils, organic substances, pathogenic microorganisms, <em>etc.</em> Environmental crimes rank fourth among international illicit activities after drug trafficking, counterfeiting of currency and art, and trafficking of human beings and the intentional pollution of water is one of the three most common types of water crimes identified in European countries. Assessing and measuring water damage is challenging due to the complexity of water resources, including hydrogeological and hydromorphological characteristics, water uses, ecosystem services and other characteristics. Therefore, this study portrays the development of a conceptual framework supported by multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques to determine an index to quantify the magnitude of water damage (surface water) caused by a suspected illicit act (release of chemical products or waste disposal containing chemicals or other deposition, including agro-industrial or agricultural waste or by-products) and verify its feasibility through assessment of two case studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00381g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139483420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating spatial material distributions: adopting geospatial entropy definitions into resource management†","authors":"Cristina Moyaert, Philippe Nimmegeers, Bilal Mellouk, Dimitri Voordeckers, Paul De Meulenaere and Pieter Billen","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00166K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00166K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Human activity depends on resources that are often consumed without regard for their future availability. Consequently, resources in the form of raw materials and finished products are widely dispersed across society, creating energetic challenges for resource management, since the processes of procuring materials, purifying and processing them, distributing goods, and collecting waste all require significant amounts of energy. The costs and energy requirements for these activities depend on factors such as the mode of transportation and the distance travelled. Efficient transportation strategies can help reduce the negative environmental impact of human activities and ensure the sustainable use of resources for future generations. Quantifying the impact of this transport requires specific and expert logistics management knowledge. The current approach relies on information that is often not readily available, making it impractical and costly. Fast and quantitative methods to support decision making are especially needed when evaluating different potential circular economy (CE) strategies and business models that aim to reduce environmental impact by keeping materials at a high functionality level by closing material cycles (<em>e.g.</em>, through reuse, reparation, refurbishment, remanufacturing, repurposing, recycling or material recovery). As a consequence, in this article, geospatial entropy definitions are studied as novel metrics to quantify the geospatial distribution of resources. The overall goal of this article is to review existing geospatial entropy definitions and evaluate their potential to be applied for assessing resource management strategies in view of a circular economy. In doing so, insight into the decision making behind the location of a value-added activity through a collection and processing of resources is gained, as well as how entropy can be used to support this. To achieve this, we analyse several definitions used in the field of urban sprawling, illustrate how they are calculated using conceptual examples, and translate these to relevant research questions for resource management. This analysis results in several promising definitions, which, in our view, are able to quantify the geospatial distribution of resources accurately. The resulting entropy value can then serve as a proxy for collection efforts. As a result, a viewpoint is presented on how these geospatial entropy definitions can support resource management decisions, such as the appraisal of resource/waste collection schemes and the location of processing and recycling facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00166k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139468998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive trial on PFAS remediation: hemp phytoextraction and PFAS degradation in harvested plants†","authors":"Sara L. Nason, Sara Thomas, Chelli Stanley, Richard Silliboy, Maggie Blumenthal, Weilan Zhang, Yanna Liang, Jasmine P. Jones, Nubia Zuverza-Mena, Jason C. White, Christy L. Haynes, Vasilis Vasiliou, Michael P. Timko and Bryan W. Berger","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00340J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00340J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of recalcitrant, highly toxic contaminants, with limited remediation options. Phytoremediation – removal of contaminants using plants – is an inexpensive, community-friendly strategy for reducing PFAS concentrations and exposures. This project is a collaboration between the Mi'kmaq Nation, Upland Grassroots, and researchers at several institutions who conducted phytoremediation field trials using hemp to remove PFAS from soil at the former Loring Air Force base, which has now been returned to the Mi'kmaq Nation. PFAS were analyzed in paired hemp and soil samples using targeted and non-targeted analytical approaches. Additionally, we used hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to degrade PFAS in the harvested hemp tissue. We identified 28 PFAS in soil and found hemp uptake of 10 of these PFAS. Consistent with previous studies, hemp exhibited greater bioconcentration for carboxylic acids compared to sulfonic acids, and for shorter-chain compounds compared to longer-chain. In total, approximately 1.4 mg of PFAS was removed from the soil <em>via</em> uptake into hemp stems and leaves, with an approximate maximum of 2% PFAS removed from soil in the most successful area. Degradation of PFAS by HTL was nearly 100% for carboxylic acids, but a portion of sulfonic acids remained. HTL also decreased precursor PFAS and extractable organic fluorine. In conclusion, while hemp phytoremediation does not currently offer a comprehensive solution for PFAS-contaminated soil, this project has effectively reduced PFAS levels at the Loring site and underscores the importance of involving community members in research aimed at remediating their lands.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00340j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The electric vehicle transition","authors":"Boucar Diouf","doi":"10.1039/D3VA00322A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3VA00322A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Automobiles are the main sources of pollution; decarbonization of road transport is a major objective around the world. The electric vehicle (EV) technology is mature and somehow competitive with the development of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Affordability, performance, and the range are the first criteria that attract drivers to invest in EVs. Countries with the same objective of EVs to represent 100% of new registrations witness different progress, depending on the context and policy, and Norway and Iceland are currently leading. Countries with the highest EV penetration are almost systematically those with the highest cost of ownership of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and those with most important subsidies. In this paper, the interplay between context, policy, and technology to drive EV transition is presented. Acquisition and operation cost, a combination of technology and policy, represent the factors that will guarantee the sustainability of EVs as the next generation of vehicles. For EVs to be more affordable it will largely depend on battery cost. Batteries are key in the performance, reliability, competitiveness, acquisition, and operation cost of EVs. Despite the undeniable progress, for EVs to match the performance of ICE vehicles in the range and lifespan, current battery technology needs to be improved. As novelties introduced in this field, along with a non-subsidy approach to the development of EVs, in this paper an upgraded diffusion model of EV technology based on the traditional S-curve is presented. An analysis of a potential secondhand market that is necessary to guarantee a full and sustainable EV transition is also presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":72941,"journal":{"name":"Environmental science. Advances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/va/d3va00322a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139095456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}