Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal最新文献

{"title":"Messages about Diabetes: A Mind Genomics Exploration of Communicating for Medicine & Public Health","authors":"G. Gabay, Glenn Zemel, Ryan Zemel","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2019354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2019354","url":null,"abstract":"Awareness to risks of type II diabetes, the epidemic of the 21st century, is low. We present an investigation into the messages about diabetes which resonate with respondents. The approach uses experimentally designed combinations of messages, unique for each respondent, with the property that the messages appear in a way that prevents the respondent from ‘gaming’ the experiment. Each respondent generates a unique pattern of coefficients for both important of messages, and response time to messages. The study suggests three mind-sets (Focus on the sufferer alone; The doctor is the source of knowledge; Focus on management with the help of others.) We present the PVI, personal viewpoint identifier, allowing the researcher to identify the appropriate convincing message for each respondent, who is first assigned to one of the three mind-sets by the PVI. The Mind Genomics study provides the health community with an easy-to-use system for understanding and deploying convincing messages in health-relevant situations, and may serve as an ongoing, working tool, for health maintenance among the general population. Introduction One only needs to open any medical journal to read about the medical issues involved in one or another aspect of diabetes. The popular press, and especially the web, are filled with stories about the issues of diabetes, the newspapers filled with latest information about specific issues involved with diabetes as a looming disaster for society, the magazines filled with stories about personal encounters with diabetes, and to those on the web innumerable advertisements about what to do and what not to do to forestall diabetes. The sheer popularity of diabetes as an issue of discussion is witness to the growing recognition of this developing scourge of society. Type II diabetes has been recognized as a global epidemic of the 21st century [1]. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death and disability worldwide [2]. Disability resulting from diabetes has grown substantially between 1990 to 2013 particularly among ages 15–69 years; age-standardized prevalence among adult men doubled from 4.3% to 9% and agestandardized prevalence among adult women increased by 60% from 5% to 8% [3]. People suffering from diabetes are at risk of developing a range of complications endangering their health, functionality and survival. Diabetes has increased across countries [4]. In 2013, 382 million people in 130 countries had diabetes [5]. It is estimated that by 2030 the number of people with Diabetes will rise to 552 million by 2030, and that by 2035 the number of people with diabetes will rise to 592 million (5–7). Despite these concerning data, only a few countries, mostly in Western Europe, seem to have a chance of halting the rise in diabetes by 2030 [4]. Health expenditures associated with diabetes create an economic burden [8]. Epidemiological and economic data for 184 countries suggest that direct global costs accounted for $1.31 trillion, based","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Blockade on Anxiety-Like Behavior Induced in Rats by Postnatal Chronic Exposure to the Endocrine Disruptor Di-2 (Ethyl-Hexyl Phthalate) in Elevated plus Maze Test","authors":"S. Carbone, O. Ponzo, R. Cutrera","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2019343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2019343","url":null,"abstract":"Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) is the widely used to convey flexibility and transparency to plastic products made of polyvinyl chloride and also in the manufacture of medical devices. DEHP disrupts reproductive tract development in an antiandrogenic manner and also may induce neurobehavioral changes. In previous works, we demonstrated that chronic postnatal exposure to DEHP alters the neuroendocrine regulation of the testicular axis, modifying the hypothalamic concentration of excitatory neurotransmitters and therefore induces an anxiogenic effect. In the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) test, dizocilpine (MK-801) induces a decrease in anxiety-related behaviors throughout NMDA receptor blockade. The objective of this work was to investigate whether the blockade of NMDA receptors of glutamate by the non-competitive antagonist MK-801 could modify the anxiety-like behavior induced by chronic postnatal exposure to DEHP (30 mg/kg body weight/day, orally from birth) in young adult male rats in the EPM test. The results show that NMDA receptor blockade by MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) in DEHP exposed animals is able to produce a significant decrease in time spent in closed arms (TSC) and in Freezing Time (FT) as well as an increase in time spent in open arms (TSO) in the EPM test, indicating an anxiolytic effect. In conclusion, our results suggest: 1) NMDA receptor blockade by MK-801 can reverse anxiety-like behavior induced by exposure to DEHP during the early period of life. 2) The glutamatergic system is involved in the anxiogenic effect of phthalate, which is probably triggered by its known antiandrogenic action.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Insulin-Like/Mimetic Drugs Using Lower Eukaryotes","authors":"G. Müller","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2019323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2019323","url":null,"abstract":"It has generally been assumed that hormones and the corresponding intraand intercellular signal transduction pathways and mechanisms have evolved exclusively during course of the evolution of vertebrate endocrine organs, implying a rather recent origin. However, there is good experimental evidence for (i) the expression of hormones and hormone-binding proteins resembling those of vertebrates in fungi and yeast, (ii) functional responses of lower eukaryotes to mammalian hormones and (iii) the existence of components of insulin-like and mimetic signaling pathways as well as their coupling to G-protein coupled receptors and metabolic pathways, such as lipolysis and endoplasmic reticulum stress, in lower eukaryotes, in particular in Neurospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Data will be presented that the naturally occurring or recombinant expression of insulin-like/mimetic signaling pathways in lower eukaryotic cells may be useful as model systems for future drug screening and discovery efforts.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes related cataract and histopathological abnormalities of the ocular regions of Wister albino rats","authors":"El-Sayyad Hih, ME El-Beih, Yousra A. Fouda, AljebaliA","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2019334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2019334","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Diabetes is an important public health disease affected different body organs especially eye. The present study aimed to illustrate the cataractous lenses associated complication on ocular organs. Research design and methods: Following induction of type 2 diabetes for 6 months (streptozotocin 60mg/kg single dose in combination with nicotinamide100 mg./kg body weight), 6 rats of a colony of 47 individuals developed cataract. Control individuals were used of the similar age. The animals groups were anaesthetized and sacrificed. Ocular regions were incised and subjected for histopathology and comet assay. Transmission electron microscopy was carried out for the optic nerve. In case of meibomian gland, beside histopathological investigations, immunohistochemistry of bcl2, caspase 3 and p53 were carried out. Results: The present findings revealed the development of cataractous lenses, diabetic retinopathy, thickened cornea and damaged stroma and optic neuropathy explained by demyelinated axons. Single gel electrophoresis explained DNA damage of cells of the retina, ciliary organ and optic nerve. Also, there is a marked reduction of the immunohistochemistry of bcl2, caspase 3 and p53 of diabetic meibomian gland, reflecting cell death. Conclusion: Finally the authors concluded that the cataractous lenses originated through different pathways of diabetic complication.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginger Ameliorated the Exocrine Pancreatic Structure of Fetuses of Diabetic Mother Wistar Albino Rats","authors":"El-Sayyad Hih, M. El-Beih, Ahmed El-Gebaly, Yousra A. Fouda","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2019335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2019335","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Hyperglycaemia and diabetic complication during pregnancy interfered with birth defect and traditional usage of phytotherapy take a great attention. The present study searched for illustrate the interference of maternal diabetes on the development of exocrine pancreas during in utero growth and role of ginger extract in improving the disease. Research design and methods: Sixteen pregnant rats were used and arranged into four groups (n = 4); control, ginger extract group, diabetes, diabetes and ginger supplementation. Diabetes was induced by single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg in citrate buffer pH 4.5 plus 100mg/kg nicotinamide). Ginger watery extract (200mg/kg body weight) was orally daily supplemented from 5th day of gestation until 14th day of gestation. Pregnant were sacrificed at 14th day of gestation, fetuses were separated and exocrine pancreas were separated and fixed in either 10% phosphate buffered formalin or 2.5 cacodylate buffered glutaraldhyde for transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry of caspase 3 was carried out. During the gestation period, blood glucose level was measured in the studied groups. Results: The present results revealed that diabetes developed atrophy and degeneration of the acinar epithelium of the pancreas. At ultrastructural level, there was a considerable missing of the secretory granules and arranged of rough endoplasmic reticulum taking the characteristic feature of fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis illustrated over expression of caspase 3 in acina epithelium. However, ginger water extract supplementation to diabetic mother improved the blood glucose level and histo-cytlogical and immunohistochemical picture manifesting marked alleviation of the drastic alterations compared to the control. Conclusion: The author concluded that ginger extract showed a potent antioxidant activity, decreasing the diabetes associated oxidative stress and improved the fetal exocrine pancreas histo-cytological structure.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69508799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Periodontal Health in Elderly Subjects: Princeps Study","authors":"A. Zulfiqar, J. Doucet, H. Moizan","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2018247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2018247","url":null,"abstract":"Very few studies have been done on oral health in the elderly and in particular the impact of type 2 diabetes on the dental appliance in the elderly. This is a feasibility study, with the use of a questionnaire, conducted in consultation with geriatric physicians, diabetologists and dentists.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42247448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Obesity and Risk of Stillbirth: A Population-Based Case Control Study and Investigation of Temporal Trends","authors":"D. Chinn, Alison Lowrie, T. Mahmood, H. Colhoun, I. Campbell","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2018246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2018246","url":null,"abstract":"David J Chinn1, Alison Lowrie2, Tahir A Mahmood3, Helen M Colhoun4 and Ian W Campbell5* 1Epidemiologist, Research and Development Office, NHS Fife, Queen Margaret Hospital, Dunfermline, Scotland, KY12 0SU, UK 2Research Midwife and Practice Education Facilitator, Women and Children’s Services, NHS Fife, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, Scotland, KY2 5AH, UK 3Consultant Obstetrician, NHS Fife, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, Scotland, KY2 5AH, UK 4Professor of Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Mackenzie Building, University of Dundee, Kirsty Semple Way, Dundee, DD2 4BF, UK 5Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TF, UK","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42139327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Fabulous Fifty – An Initial Experience of Dulaglutide from a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern India","authors":"S. Chaudhuri, A. Majumder, D. Sanyal","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2018244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2018244","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This retrospective single centred real world observational study was undertaken with the aim to introspect the glycaemic control, weight loss, changes in lipid parameters, adverse events and treatment adherence with Dulaglutide therapy. Methodology: Single centered, retrospective, real world, observational study conducted on subjects taking liraglutide for a mean duration of 41 weeks in the endocrine out-patient department. Results : Data of 45 subjects were available. Mean age was 46.67 ± 5.53years. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) significantly decreased from 8.68 ± 0.43% at baseline to 7.58 ± 0.19% at end of therapy. Body weight significantly reduced from 74.2 ± 8.07 kg at baseline to 69.27 ± 4.74kg at end of therapy and BMI significantly declined from 33.06 ± 4.5 to 30.09 ± 0.93 at end of therapy respectively. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (15.55%) were the major adverse events noted in the study. Only one patient developed acute pancreatitis (2.22%). Conclusion: Treatment with Dulaglutide resulted in clinically meaningful HbA1c, FPG and weight reductions. The overall safety profile is consistent with the GLP ‐ 1 receptor agonist class. However, Dulaglutide did not show statistically greater reduction of glycaemic parameters in the subset of Indian patients compared to RCT data of Western population.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48609582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Chronic Disease State Management by Clinical Pharmacists on Diabetes Outcomes: Interim Results of a Prospective Pilot Study","authors":"C. McCarthy, M. Bateman","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2018245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2018245","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To provide program methodology and outcomes data identifying the impact of clinical pharmacy services provided to patients with diabetes mellitus. Design: Prospective pilot study. Patients: Adult patients with diabetes mellitus identified by a member of the primary care team were referred to the pharmacist-led disease state management program, a patient-centered medication therapy management (MTM) program developed through university collaboration with a local Federally Qualified Health Center. Interventions: Pharmacist-delivered disease state management and medication therapy management across three or more face-to-face encounters over the course of six months. Main outcome measures: Clinical outcomes were followed for 6 months from the time of referral and enrollment into the program. The primary diabetes endpoint, glycosylated hemoglobin, and patient-reported experience with care were collected at baseline and the end of the study. Clinical pharmacists documented the content of clinical visits, including the number of visits per patient, duration of encounters, number and proportion of identified medication therapy problems, and the number and proportion of associated interventions to optimize pharmacotherapy. Results: Glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly reduced versus baseline at the 6-month assessment in both the intent-to-treat (−2.7%; P < 0.0001) and the per-protocol groups (−3.0%; P < 0.0001). Patient-reported satisfaction with care was higher for the pharmacists as compared to the primary care providers with significantly more patients rating the care received from the pharmacist as excellent ( P = 0.001). The pharmacists completed 158 visits, identifying and resolving an average of 7.7 medication therapy problems for each subject included in the analysis. Conclusion: In this model of MTM, the clinical pharmacists were able to identify and resolve interventions which subsequently resulted in statistically significant reductions observed in the primary diabetes endpoint and high levels of satisfaction with care.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44135929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Klinefelter Syndrome in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Growth Arrest: An Atypical Combination","authors":"Jacqueline Chan, Claudia Boucher-Berry","doi":"10.31038/edmj.2018242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/edmj.2018242","url":null,"abstract":"Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) occurs in about 1 in 1,000 males. Affected individuals with this condition have an additional X chromosome or 47, XXY. Clinical findings are usually not evident at birth and are non-specific such as tall stature, learning disabilities and gynecomastia during childhood. Diagnosis is commonly made in adulthood when they present with infertility or gynecomastia. Tall stature is also one of the most common findings in affected individuals. Patients are also at increased risk of developing autoimmune conditions such as type-1 diabetes, thyroiditis and rheumatological disorders. We present a case of a patient with type-1 diabetes subsequently diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome after presenting with growth arrest. Physical exam revealed testicular volume of 5ml bilaterally with sexual maturity rating of 5. This emphasizes the importance of pubertal exam in every adolescent patient.","PeriodicalId":72911,"journal":{"name":"Endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45046603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}